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1、定语从句（关系代词引导）,定语从句(Attributive clause) 概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子。 (在句子中作定语) Tom is a smart boy.Tom is a boy who is smart.,形容词作定语,句子作定语,修饰boy, 叫定语从句,Tom is a boy who is smart.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,which, who, whom, whose, that,where, when，why,which,that,who,whom,whose,where,when,why,sth.,sb. /sth.,sb.,sb.,sb. /sth.,
2、a place,time,reason,主语,宾语,状语,关系代词,关系副词,as,sb. /sth.,解题步骤和关键1.分析定语从句的句子成分2.从句缺少主语或宾语，则用关系代词3.从句缺少状语，则用关系副词,判断缺不缺宾语或主语？This is the factory _ I used to work in.John is reading a book _ belongs to me.The village _ I visited yesterday is beautiful.,that/ which,which/that,which,vi.+ prep. 缺少宾语,缺少主语,缺少宾语,考
3、点难点归纳1.that & which2.介词 + 关系代词3.whose的用法,that,1.that 与whichDo you have anything _ you dont understand? 先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that。,which,whom,Her bag, in _ she put all her money, has been lost.This is the boy with _ he talked.在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用
4、whom。Ive read all the books _ you lent me.先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last 等修饰时,引导定语从句用that 。,that,This is the best TV _ is made in China.先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。,that,只用that的情况：1.先行词是everything, nothing, anything，something, much, little, none等不定代词2.先行词被形容词最高
5、级或序数词修饰3.先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last 等修饰 4.先行词中既有人又有物5. who/which 等作先行词时,只用which的情况:1.在介词后面，指事物用which, 指人用whom2. 非限制定语从句中3. 代指整件事，与 as区别,whom,to whom,2. 如何判断介词The old man _I am looking after is better.The old man _I am talking is better.,3. whose 的使用The house _
6、is broken is mine. A. whose windowB. the window of whichC. of which the window D. the window of whom,4. as 的使用The earth is round, _ we all know._ is known to all, the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round.,as,As,It,which,As,as /which1. It is useful to master a foreign language, _ i
7、s true.2. _ everyone hoped, Mary has won the first prize.,which 一般在句中 ,而as可在句首、句中, 具有“正如”之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的。,课堂训练1. The science museum, _ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions.A. which B. what C. that D. where2. I will never forget the days _ we spent togeth
8、er.A. when B. that C. in which D. on which3. We dont believe the reason _ he explained at the meeting.A. why B. for which C. that D. in which,B,C,A,4. The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party turned out to be a great success.A. in which B. for whichC. on which D. at which5. The CC
9、TV Tower, _ base is used as a big electrical equipment shop, attracts countless travelers every day. A. where B. which C. whose D. its,6. My glasses, _ I could see nothing, fell to the ground and broke. A. which B. with which C. without which D. that,高考链接1. (2013安徽高考)Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Pri
10、ze for Literature in 2012, made one of the Chinese peoples long-held dreams come true.A. itB. thatC. whatD. which【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意:2012年莫言被授予诺贝尔文学奖,这使得中国人民多年以来的一个梦想实现了。本题考查非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面整句话的内容,关系代词which在从句中作主语,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。,2. (2013湖南高考)Happiness and success often come to those_ are good at reco
11、gnizing their own strengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意:幸福与成功通常降临于那些擅长于认识到自己的长处的人。who在句中引导定语从句,且在从句中作主语,符合题目结构。whom引导定语从句也修饰人,但是在从句中作宾语或用于介词+whom结构中。,3. (2013重庆高考)John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of_ are family members.A.themB.that C.which D.whom【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意:约翰邀请了大约
12、40人来参加他的婚礼,其中大多数都是他的家人。先行词为40 people,在定语从句中作of的宾语并指人,用关系代词whom,故选D;A项为代词,放入之后前后为两个完整的句子,两个完整句子不可仅用逗号隔开,需在两句中间加入连词才对;B项that一般不放在介词后面;C项which指代物。,4.(2013福建高考)The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意:这本书通过那些生命受到影响
13、的人的见证讲述了地震的故事。由句式结构可知those后为定语从句,先行词是those,空格处在从句中作lives的定语,故用关系词whose。,5. (2013山东高考)There is no simple answer, _ is often the case in science.A.as B.that C.when D.where【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意:没有一个简单的答案,这在科学领域里是常有的事。as引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语,代替前面的情况,意为“正如,正像”。,6.(2012陕西高考)It is the third time that she has won t
14、he race, _ has surprised us all.A. that B. where C. which D. what【解析】选C。考查定语从句中关系词的选择。句意: 这是她第三次赢得比赛了, 这让我们大家都很惊讶。分析句子结构可知这是一个非限制性定语从句, 排除A项和D项(that不能引导非限制性定语从句; what只能引导名词性从句);又因为定语从句中缺主语, 所以排除B项; C项which可引导非限制性定语从句, 代表整个主句的内容, 翻译为“这, 这一点”。所以C项符合题意。,7.(2012安徽高考)A lot of language learning, _ has bee
15、n discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.A. as B. it C. which D. this,【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意:正如已经发现的那样,大量的语言学习发生在出生后的第一年,所以在那一时期父母应该多和孩子交谈。根据句子结构可知,本题是考查引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词,在句中作主语,指代主句整个句子的内容。A项可引导非限制性定语从句,意为“正如”;B项不能用于定语从句;C项虽然也能用于非限制性定语从句,但常常放在整个主句之后;D项也不能用于定语从句。,
