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1、,利用信息，写简单的研究报告,广州市天河区暨南大学附属小学 李洁萍,小学语文五年级下册,活动建议 我们每个人都会遇到一些想探究的问题，如果我们注意搜集，利用相关的信息进行分析研究，就有可能解决这些问题。我们可以参考以下步骤开展活动，撰写简单的研究报告，并和别人交流。,从下面的话题中选择一个自己感兴趣的，也可以选择其他话题，定一个简单的计划，独立或与同学合作进行探究。 我们家生活的变化。 本班同学近视情况的调查及其原因的分析。 成语中的名人故事。,通过阅读书籍报刊、上网浏览、调查访问等途径获取资料。 从搜集到的材料中，找出对解决问题特别有用的部分多读几遍，逐渐形成自己的观点。 认真阅读下面的两篇
2、研究报告，讨论一下可以怎样写研究报告，然后分头撰写，并和同学进行交流。,1 奇怪的东南风, 关于爸爸咳嗽病因 的研究报告,自从我家搬进新居以后，不知怎么，爸爸得了一种奇怪的咳嗽病 有时咳嗽得非常厉害，有时咳得轻一些，有时又像没病似的。,后来我发现，每当我家打开朝南的窗户，东南风一吹进来，爸爸就咳得厉害了。我想，难道爸爸的咳嗽和东南风有关系吗？于是，我一边注意每天从收音机里收听第二天的天气预报，一边悄悄进行观察，并作了记录：,啊，爸爸的咳嗽和东南风好像真有联系! 我把自己的发现告诉了医生张伯伯。张伯伯告诉我，爸爸得的是过敏性支气管炎。我家附近的硫酸厂排出的是有毒的二氧化硫气体。对二氧化硫敏感的人
3、，一闻到它，咽喉就会发痒，立即咳嗽起来。爸爸就是对二氧化硫过敏的人，一闻到二氧化硫，咽喉就会发痒，立即咳嗽起来。我为爸爸找到了病因，心里很高兴。,从此，只要刮东南风，我就把朝南的窗户关紧。这样，爸爸就不咳嗽了。我多么希望硫酸厂早日治理污染，使空气变得清新，就是开着窗户，爸爸也不会咳嗽呀！,这位同学注意搜集有关信息，写出研究报告， 给了我许多启 发,原来研究报告可以这样写。,2 关于李姓的历史和现状的研究报告,一、问题的提出 我们班有好几个同学姓李。他们常开玩笑说，“我们五百年前是一家。”有一次听老师说，姓氏是一种文化，很值得研究。于是，我们几个姓李的同学对李姓的历史和现状作了一次调查。,二、调
4、查方法 1. 查阅有关中华姓氏的书籍，阅读报刊，上网浏览，了解李姓的来源和李姓历史名人。 2. 走访有关部门，了解李姓人口和分布情况。 3. 通过多种途径，搜集李姓的名人故事。,三、调查情况和资料整理,四、结论 1. 我国的李姓源远流长，传说东夷族首领皋陶曾任尧帝的大理官(掌管刑法的官)，其子孙以官名为姓，即理氏。商朝末年，理氏改为李氏。唐朝时，“李” 为国姓。从资料中发现，唐朝开国元勋中，有诸将徐氏、安氏、杜氏、郭氏、麻氏、鲜于,氏等，因立功被皇帝赐予李姓。我们认为，大量别的姓氏改为李姓，是李姓在唐朝成为第一大姓的主要原因，这也为后来李姓人口的快速增长奠定了基础。,2. 在历史长河中李姓人才
5、辈出。有春秋末期思想家李耳，战国时期水利专家李冰，唐太宗李世民，大诗人李白，北宋女词人李清照，明朝药物学家李时珍，明末农民军领袖李自成，中国共产党创始人之一李大钊 我们为李姓祖先创造的辉煌感到自豪。,3. 李姓是当代中国人口最多的姓氏，也是世界上人口最多的姓氏。据统计，李姓人口总数超过一亿。,我也要利用信息，写简单的研究报告 ,我从这份材料中学到了研究报告的另一种写法。,毒 氧 刑 郭 赐,在今后的学习和生活中，我们要注意搜集信息，不断提高利用信息解决问题的能力。可以从以下几个方面继续开展活动。,经常浏览报纸、杂志、书籍，关注感兴趣的信息，随时保存有价值的信息，尝试建立自己的信息库，如，剪报本
6、、资料卡，并经常对搜集到的信息进行归类、整理，以便今后查找。 经常和别人进行信息交流，养成在学习和生活中留心信息、运用信息的习惯。,Reader, I married him. A quiet wedding we had: he and I, thmore or less Constance Chatterleys position. The war had brought the roof down over her head. And she had realized that one must live and learn.She married Clifford Chatterley
7、 in 1917, when he was home for a month on leave. They had a months honeymoon6. Then he went back to Flanders: to be shipped over to England again six months later, more or less in bits. Constance, his wife, was then twenty-three years old, and he was twenty-nine.His hold on life was marvellous. He d
8、idnt die, and the bits seemed to grow together again. For two years he remained in the doctors hands. Then he was pronounced a cure, and could return to life again, with the lower half of his body, from the hips7 down, paralysed for ever.This was in 1920. They returned, Clifford and Constance, to hi
9、s home, Wragby Hall, the family seat. His father had died, Clifford was now a baronet, Sir Clifford, and Constance was Lady Chatterley. They came to start housekeeping and married life in the rather forlorn home of the Chatterleys on a rather inadequate9 income. Clifford had a sister, but she had de
10、parted. Otherwise there were no near relatives. The elder brother was dead in the war. Crippled for ever, knowing he could never have any children, Clifford came home to the smoky Midlands to keep the Chatterley name alive while he could.He was not really downcast. He could wheel himself about in a
11、wheeled chair, and he had a bath-chair with a small motor attachment10, so he could drive himself slowly round the garden and into the line melancholy11 park, of which he was really so proud, though he pretended to be flippant about it.Having suffered so much, the capacity for suffering had to some
12、extent left him. He remained strange and bright and cheerful, almost, one might say, chirpy, with his ruddy, healthy-looking face, arid12 his pale-blue, challenging bright eyes. His shoulders were broad and strong, his hands were very strong. He was expensively dressed, and wore handsome neckties fr
13、om Bond Street. Yet still in his face one saw the watchful13 look, the slight vacancy14 of a cripple.He had so very nearly lost his life, that what remained was wonderfully precious to him. It was obvious in the anxious brightness of his eyes, how proud he was, after the great shock, of being alive.
14、 But he had been so much hurt that something inside him had perished, some of his feelings had gone. There was a blank of insentience.Constance, his wife, was a ruddy, country-looking girl with soft brown hair and sturdy body, and slow movements, full of unusual energy. She had big, wondering eyes,
15、and a soft mild voice, and seemed just to have come from her native village. It was not so at all. Her father was the once well-known R. A., old Sir Malcolm Reid. Her mother had been one of the cultivated Fabians in the palmy, rather pre-Raphaelite days. Between artists and cultured socialists16, Co
16、nstance and her sister Hilda had had what might be called an aesthetically17 unconventional upbringing. They had been taken to Paris and Florence and Rome to breathe in art, and they had been taken also in the other direction, to the Hague and Berlin, to great Socialist15 conventions, where the spea
17、kers spoke18 in every civilized19 tongue, and no one was abashed20.The two girls, therefore, were from an early age not the least daunted21 by either art or ideal politics. It was their natural atmosphere. They were at once cosmopolitan22 and provincial23, with the cosmopolitan provincialism of art
18、that goes with pure social ideals.They had been sent to Dresden at the age of fifteen, for music among other things. And they had had a good time there. They lived freely among the students, they argued with the men over philosophical24, sociological and artistic25 matters, they were just as good as
19、 the men themselves: only better, since they were women. And they tramped off to the forests with sturdy youths bearing guitars, twang-twang! They sang the Wandervogel songs, and they were free. Free! That was the great word. Out in the open world, out in the forests of the morning, with lusty and s
20、plendid-throated young fellows, free to do as they liked, and-above all-to say what they liked. It was the talk that mattered supremely26: the impassioned interchange of talk. Love was only a minor27 accompaniment.Both Hilda and Constance had had their tentative love-affairs by the time they were ei
21、ghteen. The young men with whom they talked so passionately28 and sang so lustily and camped under the trees in such freedom wanted, of course, the love connexion. The girls were doubtful, but then the thing was so much talked about, it was supposed to be so important. And the men were so humble29 a
22、nd craving30. Why couldnt a girl be queenly, and give the gift of herself?So they had given the gift of themselves, each to the youth with whom she had the most subtle and intimate arguments. The arguments, the discussions were the great thing: the love-making and connexion were only a sort of primi
23、tive31 reversion and a bit of an anti-climax. One was less in love with the boy afterwards, and a little inclined to hate him, as if he had trespassed32 on ones privacy and inner freedom. For, of course, being a girl, ones whole dignity and meaning in life consisted in the achievement of an absolute
24、, a perfect, a pure and noble freedom. What else did a girls life mean? To shake off the old and sordid33 connexions and subjections.And however one might sentimentalize it, this sex business was one of the most ancient, sordid connexions and subjections. Poets who glorified34 it were mostly men. Wo
25、men had always known there was something better, something higher. And now they knew it more definitely than ever. The beautiful pure freedom of a woman was infinitely35 more wonderful than any sexual love. The only unfortunate thing was that men lagged so far behind women in the matter. They insist
26、ed on the sex thing like dogs.And a woman had to yield. A man was like a child with his appetites. A woman had to yield him what he wanted, or like a child he would probably turn nasty and flounce away and spoil what was a very pleasant connexion. But a woman could yield to a man without yielding he
27、r inner, free self. That the poets and talkers about sex did not seem to have taken sufficiently36 into account. A woman could take a man without really giving herself away. Certainly she could take him without giving herself into his power. Rather she could use this sex thing to have power over him
28、. For she only had to hold herself back in sexual intercourse37, and let him finish and expend38 himself without herself coming to the crisis: and then she coulde parson and clerk, were alone present. When we got back from church, I went into the kitchen of the manor-house, where Mary was cooking th
29、e dinner and John cleaning the knives, and I said -Mary, I have been married to Mr. Rochester this morning. The housekeeper2 and her husband were both of that decent phlegmatic3 order of people, to whom one may at any time safely communicate a remarkable4 piece of news without incurring5 the danger
30、of having ones ears pierced by some shrill6 ejaculation, and subsequently stunned7 by a torrent8 of wordy wonderment. Mary did look up, and she did stare at me: the ladle with which she was basting9 a pair of chickens roasting at the fire, did for some three minutes hang suspended in air; and for th
31、e same space of time Johns knives also had rest from the polishing process: but Mary, bending again over the roast, said only -Have you, Miss? Well, for sure!A short time after she pursued-I seed you go out with the master, but I didnt know you were gone to church to be wed1; and she basted10 away.
32、John, when I turned to him, was grinning from ear to ear.I telled Mary how it would be, he said: I knew what Mr. Edward (John was an old servant, and had known his master when he was the cadet of the house, therefore, he often gave him his Christian11 name)-I knew what Mr. Edward would do; and I was
33、 certain he would not wait long neither: and hes done right, for aught I know. I wish you joy, Miss! and he politely pulled his forelock.Thank you, John. Mr. Rochester told me to give you and Mary this. I put into his hand a five-pound note. Without waiting to hear more, I left the kitchen. In passi
34、ng the door of that sanctum some time after, I caught the words -Shell happen do better for him nor ony ot grand ladies. And again, If she bent one o th handsomest, shes noan faal and varry good-natured; and i his een shes fair beautiful, onybody may see that.I wrote to Moor12 House and to Cambridge
35、 immediately, to say what I had done: fully13 explaining also why I had thus acted. Diana and Mary approved the step unreservedly. Diana announced that she would just give me time to get over the honeymoon14, and then she would come and see me.She had better not wait till then, Jane, said Mr. Roches
36、ter, when I read her letter to him; if she does, she will be too late, for our honeymoon will shine our life long: its beams will only fade over your grave or mine.How St. John received the news, I dont know: he never answered the letter in which I communicated it: yet six months after he wrote to m
37、e, without, however, mentioning Mr. Rochesters name or alluding15 to my marriage. His letter was then calm, and, though very serious, kind. He has maintained a regular, though not frequent, correspondence ever since: he hopes I am happy, and trusts I am not of those who live without God in the world
38、, and only mind earthly things.You have not quite forgotten little Adele, have you, reader? I had not; I soon asked and obtained leave of Mr. Rochester, to go and see her at the school where he had placed her. Her frantic16 joy at beholding17 me again moved me much. She looked pale and thin: she sai
39、d she was not happy. I found the rules of the establishment were too strict, its course of study too severe for a child of her age: I took her home with me. I meant to become her governess once more, but I soon found this impracticable; my time and cares were now required by another-my husband neede
40、d them all. So I sought out a school conducted on a more indulgent system, and near enough to permit of my visiting her often, and bringing her home sometimes. I took care she should never want for anything that could contribute to her comfort: she soon settled in her new abode18, became very happy
41、there, and made fair progress in her studies. As she grew up, a sound English education corrected in a great measure her French defects; and when she left school, I found in her a pleasing and obliging companion: docile19, good-tempered, and well-principled. By her grateful attention to me and mine,
42、 she has long since well repaid any little kindness I ever had it in my power to offer her.My tale draws to its close: one word respecting my experience of married life, and one brief glance at the fortunes of those whose names have most frequently recurred20 in this narrative21, and I have done.I h
43、ave now been married ten years. I know what it is to live entirely22 for and with what I love best on earth. I hold myself supremely23 blest-blest beyond what language can express; because I am my husbands life as fully is he is mine. No woman was ever nearer to her mate than I am: ever more absolut
44、ely bone of his bone and flesh of his flesh. I know no weariness of my Edwards society: he knows none of mine, any more than we each do of the pulsation24 of the heart that beats in our separate bosoms25; consequently, we are ever together. To be together is for us to be at once as free as in solitu
45、de26, as gay as in company. We talk, I believe, all day long: to talk to each other is but a more animated27 and an audible thinking. All my confidence is bestowed28 on him, all his confidence is devoted29 to me; we are precisely30 suited in character-perfect concord31 is the result.Mr. Rochester co
46、ntinued blind the first two years of our union; perhaps it was that circumstance that drew us so very near-that knit us so very close: for I was then his vision, as I am still his right hand. Literally32, I was (what he often called me) the apple of his eye. He saw nature-he saw books through me; an
47、d never did I weary of gazing for his behalf, and of putting into words the effect of field, tree, town, river, cloud, sunbeam-of the landscape before us; of the weather round us-and impressing by sound on his ear what light could no longer stamp on his eye. Never did I weary of reading to him; neve
48、r did I weary of conducting him where he wished to go: of doing for him what he wished to be done. And there was a pleasure in my services, most full, most exquisite33, even though sad- -because he claimed these services without painful shame or damping humiliation34. He loved me so truly, that he k
49、new no reluctance35 in profiting by my attendance: he felt I loved him so fondly, that to yield that attendance was to indulge my sweetest wishes.One morning at the end of the two years, as I was writing a letter to his dictation, he came and bent36 over me, and said-Jane, have you a glittering orna
50、ment37 round your neck?I had a gold watch-chain: I answered Yes.And have you a pale blue dress on?I had. He informed me then, that for some time he had fancied the obscurity clouding one eye was becoming less dense38; and that now he was sure of it.He and I went up to London. He had the advice of an
