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1、Language in use,Unit 9,Grammar focus,Language in use,Senior 2 English Group,Grammar learning,分词作定语,分词分两类：过去分词和现在分词V+ed及不规则形式 V+ing,过去分词与现在分词作定语有何区别呢？,a falling tree,a fallen tree,boiling water,boiled water,falling leaves,fallen leaves,a flying bird,prepared breakfast,a snow-covered city,一、过去分词作定语1、过
2、去分词作定语常表示“完成”或 “被动”boiled waterfallen leavesthe risen sunspoken Englishcooked foodfried chips,开水,落叶,升起的太阳,英语口语,熟食,炸薯条,过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。,This is one of the schools built in 1980s.,(2). 过去分词作定语,位置,boiled water 开水 fallen leaves 落叶,单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;,(3)语法功能过去分词或过去分词短语作定语时，其功能相当于一个定语从句。,=The lect
3、ure given by Professor Zhang is about animals.,The lecture which was given by Professor Zhang is about animals.,可简化为：,a letter which was written in pencil,the machines which were produced last year,=the machines produced last year,小结：过去分词作定语，表示被动，已经完成的动作。,=a letter written in pencil,现在分词（doing形式）作定语
4、,the rising sun,2.现在分词 短语，应放在所修饰的名词后。,The girl standing there is my classmate.,位置,1.单个分词做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前,现在分词(-ing形式)作定语既可以表被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。可表达三种含义：1. 表“正在的”。如：those singing girls（=those girls who are singing） 那些正在唱歌的女孩子们举例：the laughing boy/the running ball the dancing girl / a flying kite,
5、(3)语法功能,现在分词(-ing形式)作定语,2)表示“供之用”，相当于used for doing. building materials = materials for building 建筑材料a walking stick = a stick for walking 手杖a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室a writing desk = a desk for writing 写字台3) 表示性质特征，多含主动意味。如：an exciting story（=a story that excites people）举例：an interesti
6、ng book an amazing story,小结：现在分词作定语，表示主动，正在进行的动作,及表功用与性质特征。,现在分词与过去分词的区别（1）：,现在分词表示正在进行的动作， 而过去分词一般表示已完成的动作。,falling leaves,fallen leaves,boiling water,boiled water,the rising sun,the risen sun,developing country,developed country,现在分词与过去分词的区别（2）：,现在分词有主动含义，过去分词有被动含义。,（主动）,（被动）,（主动）,（被动）,He found th
7、e fire burning brightly.He found the house burned down.I heard someone opening the door.I heard the door opened.,现在分词与过去分词的区别（3）：,分词作定语时，过去分词表示它所修饰的名词的状态。现在分词表示它所修饰的名词的性质、特征。,an exciting newsan excited boy,bored studentsboring lecture,He is the man swimming in the river just now.He was reading a nov
8、el written by Charles Dickens.,复习：说出下列不同分词所表达的意义 并翻译句子。,the rising sun the risen sun,the falling leaves the fallen leaves,boiling water boiled water,a changing world a changed world,the developing country the developed country,复习：说出下列不同分词所表达的意义并翻译,the changing worldthe changed world,（正在变化的）,（变化了的）,b
9、oiling water,boiled water,（正在沸腾的）,（已经沸腾过的）,a developing country,a developed country,(发展中的),（发达的）,小结：过去分词和现在分词作定语意义的不同。,过去分词作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有_关系，表示该动作的_或者_; 现在分词作定语与它所修饰的名词存在逻辑上的_关系，表示该动作的_或者_.,动宾,被动,完成,主谓,主动,进行,过去分词和现在分词在做定语时的区别：,1.语态上,2.时间上,Read and underline.,Language in use,1) I was awakened by a
10、barking dog.2) Who is the man wandering down the street?3) The pig seemed to be completely attracted to the long-legged spider.4) He rushes into the burning house.5) She bought a computer produced in China.6) The piano used at the concert is made in France.,Choose and complete.,Language in use,swimm
11、ing,building,closing,walking,1. The woman _a lesson is our teacher.A. giving B. givenC. to give D. give,正在发生的动作，表主动,Exercise,A,过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成。现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行。,The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C. did not include women players until 1912.,Exercise: _ dogs seldom bite.Bark B. To bark C. Barked D. Barking,
12、D,(2) Its pleasure to watch the face of a _ baby.asleep B. sleep C. sleeping D. slept(3) The _ buildings showed us that an earthquake was coming.A. shaking B. shook C. shaken D. shake,C,A,C,A,2. I borrowed a book _ by Mark Twain from the library last week. I like it very much. A. written B. writing
13、C. was written D. to write,1. Did you attend the meeting _yesterday? A. to be held B. having been held C. held D. being held,Exercise:,an exciting eveninga walking stickthe rising sunsmiling facesbuilding materialsa flying kite,Translate the following phrases:,7. the coming week8. a dressing room9.
14、the dancing girl 10.a washing machine12. an opening speech13. a bathing cap14. a hiding place. 15.a sleeping bag,预留的座位被污染的水打碎的杯子关了的门,reserved seatspolluted watera broken cupa closed door,Exercise：Translate the following phrases:,The book _ (一本农民写的书) is very popular.The building _(去年建的楼房) collapsed i
15、n the Wenchuan earthquake.The problem _ (正在讨论的) is very difficult to solve.The window _(被那个男孩打破的) is being repaired.,written by the farmer,built last year,discussing now,broken by that boy,Translation:,The boy _（正在操场跑步的) is Jim.The boy _(名字叫做汤姆的) is now a student.,running on the playground,named Tom
16、,Translation:,Homework,Finish the exercises on the book.,Read and complete.,Language in use,A: Mary, here, you see what Ive got?B: Oh, some old photos. They are very interesting! A: Yes. Look, the woman _ was my math teacher.B: Your _ teacher? You mean the lady _?A: Its her. And this is the _ group
17、I often mentioned. They used to be very popular when we were in high school, and I certainly was their fan.B: Who is that boy _ tennis? He looks familiar to me.A: Thats David, my classmate.,2),5),1),4),3),1) best loved 2) singing 3) playing 4) standing under the tree 5) smiling,There was a terrible
18、noise _ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed,Tell Mary that theres someone _ for her at the door. A. waiting B. waited C. waits D. to wait,The _ waiter came up to us and said, “You are welcome.”A. smiling B. smiled C. smile D. to smile,The English today is quite different from the English _(300年前所说的).(speak)Most of the artists_ (被邀请去参加聚会的) were from South Africa.The students _(受到老师鼓舞的)worked harder than ever before. (inspire),spoken 300 years ago,invited to the party,inspired by the teacher,Translation:,
