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1、Lesson 3 Grammar,1.在时间上表示动作正在进行,现在分词主要起形容词和副词的作用,在句中可作定语、表语、补语或状语。一.现在分词的两个基本特-主动,进行。,boiling water 沸水boiled water 白开水 rising sun 冉冉升起的太阳risen sun 升起的太阳,a developing country 一个发展中的国家,a developed country 一个发达国家,2.在语态上表示主动 the ruling class 统治阶级 the ruled class 被统治阶级the exploiting class 剥削阶级the exploit
2、ed class 被剥削阶级,二.现在分词的基本功能,1.现在分词作定语,表示正在进行的或主动的动作。也可以说明被修饰词的性质和特征,此时可换成相应的定语从句。,分析:B。此处的 a flying bird a bird which was flying，表示正在进行的动作,意思是“正在飞的鸟”。,He saw a _ bird and raised his bow.A.fly B.flying C.flew D.to be flying,B,分析:B。此处的 the exciting speech the speech that/which was exciting,表示被修饰词 speec
3、h 的性质和特征。,I was satisfied with the _ speech.A.excite B.exciting C.excited D.be excited,B,2.现在分词作补足语,表示正在进行的或主动的动作。,Soon they could see the steam _ from the wet clothes.A.rise B.rising C.risen D.be rising,分析:B 句意:很快他们看见蒸汽从湿衣服上升起。rising 现在分词作宾语补足语,表示正在进行的动作。,B,The missing boys were last seen _ near th
4、e river.(NMET 1994)A.playing B.to be playing C.play D.to play,分析:A 句意:失踪的男孩们最后被看到时是他们正在河边玩耍。现在分词作主语补足语。,A,3.现在分词作状语时,可作时间、条件、结果、原因、让步、方式和伴随状语,表示正在进行的或主动的动作。此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语,因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。,全品高考网,The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,_ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.
5、having added B.to add C.adding D.added,分析:C 句意:来访的大臣表示了对谈判的满意,同时又补充说道他呆在这里很愉快。adding 作伴随状语,表示主动的动作。所以应用现在分词作伴随状语。可以转化为一个并列句。,C,全品高考网,European football is played in more than 80 countries,_ it the most popular sport in the world.A.making B.makes C.made D.to make,分析:A 句意:欧式足球在 80 多个国家开展,其结果是它使欧式足球成为世界
6、上最受欢迎的体育运动。making 是现在分词作结果状语。,C,全品高考网,现在分词做结果状语，通常表示一个自然的，意料中的结果；不定式做结果状语，则表示出乎意料的结果，前面常用only强调这一意外结果。,His parents died,_ him an orphan.,She hurried to the train station,only _that the train had left ten minutes before.,他的父母死了，留下他成了孤儿。,她匆匆赶到火车站，却发现火车已经离开了十分钟了。,leaving,to find,全品高考网,_ from the top of
7、 the hill,we can find that the city looks more beautiful.A.Seeing B.Seen C.Saw D.To be seeing,分析:A seeing 的逻辑主语就是主句的主语 we,表示正在进行的主动动作。,A,全品高考网,When/WhileIwaswalkinginthestreet,Isawhim.,Walkinginthestreet,Isawhim.,When/Whilewalkinginthestreet,Isaw him.,现在分词作时间状语,全品高考网,If you work hard,youll succeed.,
8、Workinghard,youwillsucceed.,现在分词作条件状语,Work hard,and youll succeed.,全品高考网,Because she was ill,she stayed at home.,Beingill,shestayedathome.,现在分词作原因状语,全品高考网,Though he has failed many times,he didnt lose his heart.,Havingfailedmanytimes,hedidntlose hisheart.,现在分词作让步状语,Pleaseanswerthequestionusinganothe
9、r way.,作方式状语,全品高考网,3.独立主格结构可分为两部分，一部分是名词或代词（主格），起着逻辑主语的作用；另一部分由形容词、副词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等构成，表示前面名词或代词的状态、状况或动作。在句中作状语要注意它不是句子其实我们曾经学过的”with的复合结构”是差不多的只不过它要比独立主格多个with,全品高考网,现在分词的独立主格结构作状语。,With his lips still _,he couldnt say a word.A.trembling B.tremble C.to tremble D.to be trembling,分析:A。句意:他说不出话,因为他的
10、嘴唇在颤动。这里需要用现在分词的独立主格结构作原因状语,表示正在进行的动作。,A,全品高考网,1.The assistant worked late into the night,_a long speech for the president.A.to have prepared B.Preparing C.prepared D.having prepared 2.“Cant you read?”Mary said _ to the notice.A.angrily pointing B.and point angrily C.angrily pointed D.and angrily po
11、inting,B,A,全品高考网,1.As I know a lot of people need my help,I became an educator.Knowing a lot of people needed my help,I became an educator.2.The volcano erupted and killed all the dinosaurs.The volcano erupted,killing all the dinosaurs.,Rewrite the following sentences,using Present Participles.,全品高考
12、网,3.When the detective climbed out of the window,he waved to his partner who was waiting for him in his car.Climbing out of the window,the detective waved to his partner who was waiting for him in his car.,全品高考网,4.To my great surprise,I found the couple were discussing their financial difficulties in front of their children.To my great surprise,I found the couple discussing their financial difficulties in front of their children.,
