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1、倒装句,2,Inversion,3,倒装定义 Inversions英语的一般语序是主语+谓语，如果把谓语的全部或是一部分放在主语之前，这种语序称为倒装。 倒装有两种形式：谓语全部放在主语之前叫完全倒装；只将助动词、情态动词、系动词提前叫部分倒装。,【教法探析】,4,基本语序natural order,subject 主+ predicate 谓+object 宾,I love English.,倒装句概述,5,predicate + subject,助动词auxiliary/情态动词modal verb + subject + v +,完全倒装full inversion,部分倒装partia
2、l inversion,Here came the headmaster.,Nerve will I forgive you.,6,一、全部倒装 用于 there be 句型。 There are many students in the classroom.,原句自然顺序是：Many students are there in the classroom.,7,其中be可换为appear，enter，come，exist，happen，lie，live，remain，seem，stand等动词。There exist some serious problems in the manageme
3、nt of the company.公司的管理上存在一些严重的问题。,8,2. 由副词here，there，now，thus，then或in，out，away，up，off，down，back，over等开头的句子，谓语动词是be，come，follow，go，begin等，且主语是名词时。表示强调There comes the bell. Our teacher comes in with a book in his hand.铃声响了，我们的老师手里拿着一本书走了进来。,9,注意：,代词作主语时, 主谓语序不变。,Here it is. In he comes.Here you are.,
4、10,3. 当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时,也常引起全部倒装。,South of the city lies a big steel factory.From the valley came a frightening sound.Under the tree stands a little boy.,划线的均是表示地点状语的介词词组,并且是位于句首。,11,4. 表语置于句首时, 倒装结构采用“表语连系动词主语”的结构形容词连系动词主语 Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other g
5、uests.,12,2) 过去分词连系动词主语 Gone are the days when they could do what they liked.3) 介词连系动词主语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.,Growing all over the mountain are wild flowers.漫山遍野长满了野花。,13,5. 为了保持句子结构平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或为了使上下文结构紧凑。 They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which s
6、at a small boy. Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms.,强调状语,保持句子结构平衡,14,1. 用于疑问句 Do you speak English?2. 用于省略if 的虚拟条件句 Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination.,由 If you had reviewed your lessons 这样一个虚拟条件分句变过来的。
7、,二、部分倒装,15,3. 用于“形容词(或名词、动词) as (though)” 引导的让步状语从句。 Pretty as she is, she is not clever. Try as he would, he might fail again. Money as they had, they dont know how to spend it.,16,4. 用于no sooner than, hardly when 和 not until的句型中。 No sooner had she gone out than the class began. Not until the teach
8、er came did he finish his homework.,17,5. 用于 never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, little, at no time, not only, barely, rarely, little, not a bit 等否定词开头的句子里。 Never shall I do this again. At no time can you say “no” to the order. Little do I dream I would see you here.,18,not only.but also.连接两个并列分句时，前一个分
9、句采用部分倒装，后一个分句不倒装。Not only are the students planting trees，but (also) the teacher is.不仅学生们在植树，老师也是。,19,not until.句型中前面的从句不倒装，后面的主句用部分倒装。Not until I reached home did I find that I had lost the wallet.直到回到家我才发现钱包丢了。no sooner.than.，hardly.when.句型后面的从句不倒装，前面的主句采用部分倒装。Hardly had Tom got home when the phon
10、e rang.汤姆刚到家，电话就响了。,20,6. 用于only开头的句子(only位于句首,修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句) Only in this way can you learn English well. Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.,21,【温馨提示】only修饰的状语如果不是句子，或者修饰状语但不位于句首时，主谓也不倒装。Only his brother is right.只有他哥哥是对的。,22,7. 用于 so, nor, neither 开头的句子,表示重复的内容。此句谓语应与前句谓语的
11、时态形式一致。 He has been to Beijing. So have I. Jack can not answer the question. Neither can I. He has been to Beijing. So have I. So he has,我也去过。是的，他确实去过。,23,I dont want to know him，neither (nor) do I want to learn anything about him.我不想认识他，也不想了解他的任何情况。【温馨提示】当so表示“是的，确实如此”，其引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时 ， 主谓不倒装
12、。Betty is a good girl.贝蒂是个好姑娘。Yes，so she is.是的，的确如此。,24,8. 在 so / such that 的结构中,若so 置于句首,则句子部分倒装 So difficult a problem is it that I cant work it out. Such a noble person is he that people all respect him.,25,such作表语，置于句首，意为“就是如此”。Such were his words.Such was what he said.他就是这样说的。,26,如果直接引语后注明引语是什么
13、人所说的, 主语是名词时, 用倒装结构。主语是代词时, 一般不用倒装结构。 “ Let go,” said the man / he said.用于 某些祝愿的句子。 May you succeed.,27,学 法 引 导,规则1：表方位的副词here, there, out, in, up, down, away, off等放在句首，而主语是名词时，句子则完全倒装，但是，当主语是人称代词时，主谓语序不变。规则2：地点状语位于句首时，为了避免头重脚轻，常将谓语置于主语之前，进行完全倒装。,28,规则3：为了使上下文联系紧密，常将such, the following 放于句首，而句子的谓语动词
14、置于主语之前进行完全倒装。规则4：there be句型中，用完全倒装。此时，结构中的be可用lie/exist / stand / live / seem 等动词替代。规则5：有时为了突出或强调主语，可用“表语系动词主语”的完全倒装结构。,29,规则1：含有否定意义的副词或短语，如：few, little, never, not, not until, nowhere, rarely, seldom, hardly/scarcelywhen， no sooner(than)， not only(but also), at no time, by no means等，放在句首时，句子须部分倒装。
15、【特别提醒】 若原句中没有助动词，必须根据谓语动词的具 体 时态来确定相应的助动词do, does 或did。 not until 提前时，必须同时将until后面的全部内容提前。,30,规则2：so/as/neither/nor 位于句首,连接两种相同的情况时，所连接的并列分句需用部分倒装。规则3：“only 副词/介词短语/状语从句” 放在句首时，句子须用部分倒装。 规则4：在虚拟语气条件句中，从句谓语有助动词were, had, should时，可将if 省略，而把 were, had, should 移到句首。规则5：在 “sothat” 和 “suchthat”结构中，将“soadj
16、.”和“suchn.”提到句首时，句子须用部分倒装。,31,句子的一部分成分(通常是表语或状语)提前，但主谓语序不变。1. 否定词no matter连接的让步状语从句的句式“No matter how / wh 主语 谓语”，如 No matter how late it is, she often waits for him. 2. how和what引起的感叹句(1) How 形容词/副词主语谓语，如：How blue the sky looks!(2) What 形容词名词主语谓语，如：What a clever boy he is!,强 调 几 点,32,3.As让步状语从句（as可用t
17、hough代替）Child as he is, he knows a lot.Good as he is, he will never be top of his class.Hard as works, he makes little progress.Try he might, he could not find a job.,33,【模拟练习】,1.Not until all the fish died in the river_ how serious the pollution was. A.did the villagers realize B. the villagers rea
18、lize C.the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize2.It was not until 1920_ regular radio broadcasts began. A. while B.which C.that D.since,34,3.I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life_ so happy. A. did I feel B.I felt C.I had felt D. had I felt,4.Here _the good news
19、for every man and every woman who _in the town. A. is ; live B. is; lives C. are; live D. are; lives,35,【真题再现】,（2012 上海）Only with the greatest of luck _ to escape from the rising flood waters. A. managed she B. she managed C. did she manage D. she did manage【答案】C【解析】考查倒装句。Only+状语位于句首，句子要部分倒装。只是有了最好的
20、运气，她才成功逃脱了正在上涨的洪水的袭击。,36,（2012 重庆卷） The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor_ it a thought.does he even given B. he even gives C. whether D. he will even given【考点】特殊句式倒装结构 【答案】C【解析】空白处前为否定词“nor”位于句首，句子应该使用部分倒装结构，而且根据语境空白处应使用一般将来时，C选项符合题意。因此，正确答案为C选项。技巧点拨：考查倒装。否定副词never位于句首，句子应该使用
21、部分倒装结构；根据语境即关键词before，句子应该用现在完成时，故正确答案为C选项。,37,（2011 新课标卷） Try she might, Sue couldnt get the door open.A. if B. when C. since D. as 解析：本题考查as引导的让步状语从句的倒装。北京四中网校的原题是20._，Carolina couldnt get the door open. （A）A. Try as she might B. As she might try C. She might as try D. Might she as try,as意为“尽管” 时引
22、导让步状语从句中的倒装情况有三种：表语提前，构成倒装。如：Pretty though she is,she is not clever. 动词提前，构成倒装。如：Fail as I did,I would try again. 副词提前，构成倒装。如：Much as he likes English, he isnt good at it.本题是把动词放在as之前。故答案D。,38,（2011 新课标卷）Only when he reached the tea-house it was the same place hed been in last year.he realized B. he did realize C. realized he D. did he realize解析：本题考查倒装。倒装是考生应当掌握的基本语法项目，当only加上状语或状语从句位于句首时，后面的主句的结构应是半倒装；根据句意“只是当他到了那个茶馆时，他才意识到这个茶馆竟是去年来过的同一个。”，故答案为D。,39,Thank You,
