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1、Grammar of Unit 9,Inversion,在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时为了语法结构的需要，或者是为了强调，谓语的全部或一部分却提到主语前面，这种语序叫做倒装。 倒装可分为a.全部倒装 b.部分倒装,倒装 (Inversion):,、部分谓语（情态动词、助动词、连系动词）在前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语之后的句子，叫部分倒装句。Only then did he realize that he was wrong.,英语倒装句分为两种：、整个谓语在前的句子，叫完全倒装。Here comes the car.,Inversion(倒装句),若有主从句，哪句倒装
2、。部分倒装还是完全倒装。,A. 完全倒装,There be +主语,There lived an old man in the mountain.There stood an old tree front of the houseThere still exist some problems,1.,2. here/there/now/then + vi. +主语 out/in/up/down/away 在句首，表强调,eg: 1. Here comes the bus. There goes the bell. Now comes your turn. Out went the childre
3、n.,注：代词做主语时，主谓语序不变,Here you are.Here it is.In he comes.,副词 + 动词+ 主语,副词 + 代词+ 动词,3. 句首状语为表示地点的介词词组。,eg: From the valley came a frightening sound. South of the city lies a big steel factory.,介词短语 + 谓语 + 主语,谓语通常是be , stand, sit , lie 等动词。,4. 直接引语的全部或一部分在句首时。“Do you think my clothes fit well?” asked the
4、 emperor. Mr smith said Mary,“ May I borrow your pen?,注意：主语是代词时，不用倒装。“Where are you going?” he asked.,5. 表语置于句首。,形容词+系动词+主语 Present at the meeting were Professor White and many other guests.,2) 过去分词+系动词+主语 Gone are the days.,3) 介词短语+be+主语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers and toys.,6. 为了保
5、持句子平衡或为了强调表语或状语，为 了使上下文紧密衔接。,a. Inside the Pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens.b. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.,B. 部分倒装,用于疑问句 Do you understand it?,2. 用于省略if的虚拟语气条件状语从句。 Had you received your lessons, you might have passed the exam. Were I to do t
6、he work, I should do it some other way. Should I be free tomorrow, I could go with you.,3. adj./n./v. +as 引导的让步状语从句,Try as he would, he might fail again.Pretty as she is, she is not clever.=Though she is pretty, she is not clever.Child as he was, he had to make a living.= Though he was a child, he h
7、ad to make a living.,4. So, Nor, Neither开头的句子，表示重复前句部分 内容，谓语时态，形式与前句一致。,He has been to Beijing. So have I .Peter cant answer the question. Neither can I .,so / nor / neither + 助动词/情态动词/ 系动词+ 主语,单数可数名词作表语提前不用冠词,当前面的句子中主语、谓语或肯否定形式不同时， 则用so it is with.句型来表示。 Tom likes singing, but he doesnt like dancin
8、g. So it is with Mary.Tom is clever and he studies hard. So it is with Mary.,如果后一个句子只是单纯的重复前面句子的意思，则不倒装。“It is hot today.” “So it is.”“He finished it on time.” “So he did.”,5.用于no soonerthan; hardlywhen（只倒主句，主句一般用过去完成时而从句用过去时。）,not until （只倒主句） 句型中。,Not until the teacher came did he finish his work.
9、 No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang. Hardly had I sat when he stepped in.,6. never, hardly, seldom, scarcely(几乎不), barely, little, often, at no time, not only （只倒前面）等词放在句首。,Little did he know who the woman was.Never shall I do this again.Not only is better education important for imp
10、roving ourselves but also it is important for developing our society.,但是当连接主语时不倒装 Not only he but also I have kept the secret.,7. 用于only开头的句子；(修饰副词，介词短语或 状语从句）,主句要倒装。,Only this afternoon did I finish the novel.Only in this way can you master English.Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he
11、 was in.,注：only 修饰主语时，不倒装. Only he can do this work.,8.sothat/ suchthat中 so+ adj./adv或such提前到句首时，此部分用倒装语序.,So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. In such a hurry did he leave that he forget to lock the door.,9.在以often, always, once, many a time, now and then, every
12、other day, 等作状语的频度副词位于句首时。,Often did I speak of him before.Many a time has he helped me with my experiment.,Look at the following sentences,1. We will not be able to improve the situation until we know more. - Not until we know more will we be able to improve the situation. 2. Chinas then Premier Zh
13、u Rongji, who stressed the need for equality and fairness in the world was among the speakers. - Among the speakers was Chinas then Premier Zhu Rongji, who stressed the need for equality and fairness in the world.,3.We wont have enough drinking water until we stop polluting our lakes and rivers.,4.
14、Sustainable development can be possible only with international cooperation.,5. We seldom think of the small changes that we can do to make a big difference.,- Not until we stop polluting our lakes and rivers will we have enough drinking water.,- Only with international cooperation can sustainable d
15、evelopment be possible.,- Seldom do we think of the small changes that we can do to make a big difference.,6. We can save the earth only by changing the way we live. Only by changing the way we live can we save the earth. 7. The Earth Summit is not only a place to talk about problems, but also a pla
16、ce to find solutions for the future. Not only is the Earth Summit a place to talk about problems, but also a place to find solutions for the future.,Do the exercise 1 on page 70.,强 化 练 习 1 _the plane.A Down flying B Down was flying C Down flew D Flew down 2 Under a big tree _,half asleep.A did sat a
17、 fat man B a fat man sat C did a fat man sat D sat a fat man,C,D,3. She plays the piano very well._. A So every one of us does B Every one of us does C So does every one of us D So do every one of us 4. Never _such a wonderful place as Hangzhou. A are hanging B had I seen C I have seen D have I seen
18、,C,D,5. Not only _a promise, but also he kept it. A has he made B does he make C he made D did he make6. Not until he got off the bus _that he had got his wallet stolen.A he found B did he find C he had found D had he found7. Only in this way _progress in your English. A you make B can you make C yo
19、u be able to make D will you able to make,D,B,B,8. _and caught the mouse. A Up the cat jumped B The cat up jumped C Up jumped the cat D Jumped up the cat9. -Where is your father? -Oh,_. A here he comes B he here comes C here does he come D here comes he,C,A,10._in which they had came to the island.
20、A Nearby were two canoes B Nearby two canoes were C Were two canoes nearby D Two canoes nearby were 11. The door opened and there _. A enters an old man B entered an old man C did an old man enter D an old man entered,A,B,12. Little _ when I took the trip and _ did my brother.A have I known; so B ha
21、d I know;neitherC do I know; so D did I know; neither13. Was it not _ you arrived at his house _ you discovered that he was on holiday?A when; that B until; did C until; that D when;did,D,C,14. Many a time _ to see me while _ in hospital.A did he come; was I B did he come; I wasC he came; was I D he
22、 was; I was15 .Now and then _ up to see what happened.A did he wake B he wake C he wakes D he did wake16. She is not fond of cooking,_ I. A so am B nor am C neither do I D nor do17. Early in the morning _ the news _ the Chinese Team defeated the Japanese Team.A comes; what B. came; thatC comes; that
23、 D came; what,B,A,B,B,18. At the foot of the mountain_.A lie a beautiful lake B does a beautiful lake lieC lies a beautiful lake D do a beautiful lake lie19. At no time _ his personal interest first.A should a communist placeB. a communist should placeC a communist placeD does a communist place,C,A,
24、20. On the wall _two large portraits. A are hanging B hanged C hang D hangs 21.Not once _their plan. A did they change B they changed C changed they D they did changed22. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life _so happy! (NMET2000春季) A.did I feel B.I felt C.I had felt D.had I felt,C
25、,A,D,23.Little _about his own safety,though he was in great danger himself.(上海1994) A. does he care B. did he care C. he cares D. he cared24. Not only _ polluted but _ crowded. (上海1991) A. was the city;were the streets B.the city was;were the streetsC.was the city;the streets were D.the city was;the
26、 streets were,B,C,25._ for the free tickets,I would not have gone to the films so often.(上海1995) AIf it is not B.Were it not C.Had it not been D.If they were not26.So _ that no fish can live in it.(上海1992) A.the lake is shallow B.shallow the lake is C.shallow is the lake D.is the lake shallow27. Not
27、 a single song _at yesterdays party.(上海2000) A she sang B sang she C did she sing,C,C,C,28.Hardly_ when it began to rain.A had he arrived B arrived heC he had arrived D did he arrive29.Mr. Smith promised to help me and_ the next day.A neither he did B so he didC neither did he D so did he,A,B,30.Not
28、 until the bell rang_in.A do they come B came theyC did they come D they came,C,31. Only in this way _ this Maths problem. A. you can work out B. can you work out C. you will be able to work D. will you can work out 32. My wife is a teacher, and _. A. so am I B. so I am C. also I am D. too I am 33.
29、_, the boy knows a lot about computer.A. Though is he young B. As is he young C. Young as is he D. Young as he is .,B,A,D,34. After that we have never seen her again, nor _ her.A. we have heard from B. have we heard fromC. did we hear from D. we heard from 35. Not until yesterday evening _ the party
30、 had been put off till next Saturday. A. I knew B. didnt I know C. did I know D. I didnt know.,B,C,36. Not only _ a promise, but also he kept it.did he make B. had he made C. make he D. he made,A,37. Never _ such a robot.we have seen B. have we seen C. we saw D. we havent seen38. _ a letter for you.
31、A. There are B. Is here C. Here is D. Is there 39. _ a big paper-making factory by the lake.A. There stands B. Does there stand C. Standing there is D. It is standing40. Look out! _A. The bus come there B. There comes the bus.C. Does the bus come? D. Comes the bus there.,B,C,A,B,人有了知识，就会具备各种分析能力，明辨是非的能力。所以我们要勤恳读书，广泛阅读，古人说“书中自有黄金屋。”通过阅读科技书籍，我们能丰富知识，培养逻辑思维能力；通过阅读文学作品，我们能提高文学鉴赏水平，培养文学情趣；通过阅读报刊，我们能增长见识，扩大自己的知识面。有许多书籍还能培养我们的道德情操，给我们巨大的精神力量，鼓舞我们前进。,
