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1、简单句基本句型之二主谓结构及句子成分,五种基本句型结构,基本句型,Catch the missing words in the song.Fill in the blanks.,I a big big girl.It is not a big big thing if you me.But I do .I can the first leaf . Can you give us the answers?,am,leave,feel,see,falling,主系表句型:SVlinkP主谓句型:SVi 即:Subject (主语) Verb (谓语) 主谓宾句型:SVt.O主谓双宾句型:SVtO间
2、宾O直宾主谓宾宾补句型:SVtOC,五种基本句型结构,主谓,主谓,主语,主谓结构,谓语,主语,01,主语( Subject ):主语是一句话的中心,表示所说的是谁或是什么,其位置一般放在句首。英语中主语一般不省略。主语主要由名词,代词,动名词,形容词,分词,副词,数词,动词不定式或不定式短语, 从句,某些固定词组来充当。,Li Lei is a Chinese boy. ( Li Lei 是名词,作主语。)He is from England. ( He 是代词,作主语。)Feeding the birds is my hobby. ( Feeding the birds 是动名词短语,作主语
3、。)What she said is right. ( What she said 是从句,作主语。),主谓,02,基本句型结构, +(主谓)即Subject (主语) Verb (谓语),特点:句子的谓语动词能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。,如: 1.The sun was shining.阳光灿烂。2.The universe remains.宇宙仍然存在。3.We all breathe, eat, and drink.我们都呼吸,吃,喝。4.Lucy and Mary get up early every morning. 露西和玛丽每天
4、早上很早起床。5.What he said does not matter.他说什么并不重要。,谓语,03,简单句:只有一个主语部分和谓语部分的句子叫简单句。有五大基本句型:主系表:He is tall.“系表”结构也叫谓语部分。主谓:He left.主谓宾:He left Beijing.主谓宾宾:He left his son a large fortune.主谓宾宾补:The earthquake left many people homeless.地震使许多人无家可归。,不难看出:一个简单句,有且仅有一个谓语动词。,谓语:主语所发出的动作或具有的特征和状态。由“不及物动词”、“及物动词
5、+宾语”或“系动词+表语”等构成,说明主语所表示的人物“干什么”或“怎么样”。如: He is lying on the ground. (动词作谓语,表示:主语状态)He is crying now. (谓语动词:现在进行时)I have seen the movie before. (谓语动词:现在完成时),在英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语,可以把动词分成两种:及物动词与不及物动词。字典里词后标有vt. 的就是及物动词,及物动词后能直接跟有动作的对象(即宾语)。 字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词(intransitive verb)。不及物动词本身意义完整,后面不必跟宾语的实义动词。如
6、:Birds can fly. 鸟会飞。She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening. 她在昨天晚上的会上发了言。,不及物动词后面不跟宾语。用于:主+谓结构。This is the room which I once lived in. This is the room in which I once lived.This is the room where I once lived.类似的还有:agree, go,work, listen, look, come,die,belong, fall,exist, rise,arrive,sit,sail,
7、 hurry,fail, succeed,get,feel, keep, look, make, prove, remain, rest, rise, seem, stand, stay, turn, turn out,主谓结构,04,Subject (主语) Verb (谓语)(不及物动词) 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,所谓不及物动词,就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。常见的动词如:work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。,此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意
8、思.这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词,介词短语,状语从句等.1. The sun was shining. 太阳在照耀着.2. The moon rose. 月亮升起了.3. What he said does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系.4. They talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时.,谓语动词必须反映出人称、单复数、时态等信息,谓语动词往往由下列词语依序排列构成:情态动词+时态助动词+语态助动词+主要动词(不一定全部出现)。记住:谓语部分第一个动词往往是变形动词。如:,注意,As you sow,so shall you reap
9、.种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆。The sun rises in east.太阳从东方升起。A band was playing in the park.乐队在公园里演奏。The train halted at the signals.火车依信号指示而停住了。,基本句型:主语+谓语,flies,begins,doesnt smoke,laughed,has arrived,am crying,rises,主谓结构测试:1.主谓结构属于_句2.主谓结构的基本结构:_3. 谓语一般跟在_后边,但是疑问句中不是这样。4.谓语一般由_词充当。5.主谓结构的谓语是_词。6.实义动词可分为_和_7.不及物动词不可以直接加_。,简单,主语+谓语,主语,动,不及物动,及物动词 不及物动词,宾语,Thank you !,