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1、Grammar,Noun clauses as the object and predicative 名词性从句 宾语 表语,Unit3 The Million Pound Bank Note,一、表语从句的定义：,表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。The question is who will do it.,系动词,表语从句,二、表语从句的构成：,（系动词）+ 引导词+简单句 What I want to say is that I am tired.,引导词,表语从句,My decision is that all of us should go there.The prob
2、lem is that we have no moneyThis is where our problem liesTomorrow is when it would be the most convenient.Thats because he did not study hardThat is why I hate studying today.The reason why I study hard is that I want to go to a key university. China is no longer what she used to be.The question re
3、mains whether they will be able to help us.It seemed as if I couldnt think of the right word.,由从属连词 that 引导的表语从句,由连接代词 Who, whom, whose, which, what 和连接副词 where, how, why, when, because引导的表语从句,由从属连词 whether引导的表语从句,由从属连词 as if/as though 引导的表语从句,表语从句,系动词后面,1. The truth is that he has never been to the
4、 countryside.,2. The question is whether we can finish the experiment by Friday.,3. It looks as if it were going to rain.,实际情况是他从未去过农村,that 一般不省略,表语从句只用whether,问题在于我们能否在明天下午之前完成这项实验.,好象看上去要下雨似的. (其实不会),as if /as though从句常表示不真实的情况,She talked as if /as though she had been there before .,她说话的口气好象以前去过那儿
5、似的.,as if/as though 引导的表语从句中的虚拟语气as if/as though引导的表语从句可用虚拟语气，常用的系动词有look，seem，taste，smell，sound等。It seems as though the meeting would never end.ShefeelsasifHarrietwereamemberofherownfamily. It seemed as if the accident had happened yesterday.,(其实不是在昨天),(其实不是),(其实不是),注意： 在asif,asthough等引导表语从句中,表示与事实
6、相一致时,要用陈述语气。 如：Itlooksasifwellbelate. 看起来我们似乎要迟到了。 Thismeattastesasifithasalreadygonebad. 这肉吃起来似乎已经坏了。,精典名题 Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooks asifit_.(NMET95) A. breaks B. hasbroken C. werebrokenD. hadbeenbroken,引导词that 在表“建议，劝说，命令”的名词advice，suggestion，order，proposal，request, plan，idea 等后面的
7、表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气“should + 动词原形My opinion is that its getting better and better.The fact was that he didnt really try. My suggestion is that we (should) tell him. My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow.,because，why引导的表语从句那是因为他不理解我。Thats because he didnt understand me.那就是他不理解我的原因。Thats
8、why he didnt understand me.,填空: The reason why we didnt trust him is _ he has often lied,reason 做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导, 不能用why 引导。句型结构为：,that,Thats because强调原因,Thats why强调结果,The reason (why/for)is /was that.The reason is that,注意下列表语从句中where, how, why 的译法,This is _Lu Xun once lived.That was _ they won th
9、e match.This is _ she got up so early this morning.,这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方.,他们就是这样赢得这场比赛的.,这就是她为什么今天早上起得这么早的原因.,This is where This is why This is how.,这就是的地方,这就是的原因,这就是的方法,where,how,why,5. as 像一样It is just as you like.Things are not always as they seem to be.事情并不总是像表面上的那样。,that/what的区别1_your father wants to k
10、now is_ getting on with your studies.A. What; how are you B. That；how you are C. How；that you are D. What；how you are2. The trouble is_we are short of tools. A. what B. that C. how D. why that3. America was _was first called “India” by Columbus.A. what B. where C. the place D. there where,Practice:,
11、1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.A. that B. if C. when D. whether2The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of3. Go and get your coat. It s _you left it where B. there C. there where D. where there,4The problem is _to take the pl
12、ace of TedA. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can get5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.A. that B. if C. whether D.不填6. The reason is_I missed the bus. A. that B. when C. why D. what,7. That is _ _ we were late last time. A. that B. when C. why D.
13、what8. She looked _ she were ten years younger.A. that B. like C. as D. as though9.I fell sick!-I think it is _ you are doing too much. A. why B. when C. what D. because,10. The reason why he hasnt come is _. because his mother is ill because of his mothers being illC. that his mother is ill D. for
14、his mother is ill11. He was born here.- That is _ he likes the place so much.A. that B. what C. why D. how12.That is _ Lu Xun once lived.A. what B. where C. that D. why,12. -See the flags on top of the building? -That was _ we did this morning AwhenBwhichCwhereDwhat,13.-What did your parents think a
15、bout your decision? -They always let me do_ I think I should Awhen Bthat Chow Dwhat 14.These shoes look very good. I wonder_ Ahow much cost they ale Bhow much do they cost Chow much they cost Dhow much are they cost,15_team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships ANo matter wh
16、at BNo matter whichCWhateverDWhichever 16_makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services AWhatBWho CWhatever DWhoever,宾语从句,如何区分宾语从句？,They know the teacher. 主语 谓语 宾语They know the teacher is a man . 主语 谓语 宾语从句 句子做宾语就是宾语从句。,We wonder how we shall do . Could you tell me where they ar
17、e? We believe that they have finished their task, havent we ?4. I am sorry that I didnt know you want to join the Party.,找出下列句中的宾语从句,课程内容1.时态2.引导词3. that不可省略的情况4.否定前移5.it做形式宾语6. if 和Whether的区别7.运用虚拟语气的情况8.语序9.宾语从句专项练习,时态,宾语从句的时态受主句的限制， 既：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。 主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句
18、要用过去完成时态。 例: She says that she will fly to Japan in a week. She said that she would fly to Japan in a week. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态例：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. He told me that Japan is an island country.,不同引导词引导的宾语从句,由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句,由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,whic
19、h,what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句,由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句,（一）引导词,1,2,3,引导词,A. 由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔试中。 例：I told him that he was wrong. B. 由 连词if、 whether 引导的
20、表示“是否”的宾语从句。Whether,if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。 例：I dont know if/whether he will come tomorrow. The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment. C. 由wh-引导的宾语从句。 连接代词who, whom,whose, what, which, 连接副词when, where, why, how 等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。 例：Do you know which
21、film they are talking about? (which做定语) I dont know where he lives. (where 做地点状语),that不可省略的情况,宾语从句that常可省略，但在以下情况下不能省略 A当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时 可以省略第一个that，其他不能省略。 e gI believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better B当it作形式宾语时（常用在 think find make consider之后） e gShe made it clear
22、that she had nothing to do with him C当宾语从句前置时 egThat our team will win，I believe,否定前移,在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think 等动词变为否定形式。 例：I dont think you are right. (我认为你做的不对),it做形式宾语,1.在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾语。（think. find make .consider之后） 动词+i
23、t +形容词或惯用搭配+ that从句+ 其他例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的) 2.有些动词如like, dislike, hate, enjoy, appreciate; see to, depend on, rely on ,have, take等，其后的宾语从句通常也用it作形式主语。I hate it when someone speaks to me with his mouth full.,if 和Whether的区别,在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导 例：Everything
24、 depends on whether we have enough money。 宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导. 例：I dont know whether the movie star will come or not. 和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导. 例：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided.,运用虚拟语气的情况,在表示： 建议 suggest 、advise、propose; 要求demand 、desire、request； 决定 decide; 命令 order、command、require; 坚决主张 insi
25、st; 等动词后跟宾语从句，用（should）+v（虚拟语气） e g I suggested that you（should）study hard He ordered that we should go out at once,语序,A . 宾语从句必须用陈述语序。 False: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job. Right: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job. 有时候可以用it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句放在后面。Bad: I thou
26、ght that he could finish thisjob in just two hours impossible. Good: I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two hours.,Correct mistakes: 1.We wonder how we shall do next.2.Could you tell me where are they having a picnic?3. We believe that they have finished their task, dont w
27、e ?4.I am sorry that I dont know you want to take part in the competition.5.Mr li seems that he is very expert at repairing at computers.,what,havent they,didnt,they are,as if,1.-What did your parents think about your decision? -They always let me do_ I think I should Awhen Bthat Chow Dwhat 2.These shoes look very good. I wonder_ Ahow much cost they ale Bhow much do they cost Chow much they cost Dhow much are they cost,
