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1、宾 语 从 句,Unit3 The Million Pound Bank-Note,Grammar,宾 语 从 句 Unit3 The Million Po,1.名词:,表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。,2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?,名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。,The boy is li Ming.,主语,表语,Miss Xie, a young lady, teaches students English .,主语,同位语,宾语,1.名词:表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中一,在句子中，本该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子
2、就叫名词性从句。,什么是名词性从句?,名词性从句,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,在句子中，本该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句,I know the book . 2. I know what the book is .,主语,谓语,宾语,（简单句）,主语,谓语,宾 语 从 句,连词,从句主语,从句谓语,主 句,（复合句）,I know the book . 主语谓语宾,宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。,句子结构：主句 + 连词（引导词）+ 宾语从句I know what the book is.,宾语从句的概念：句子结构：,宾语从句的连接词,宾语从句
3、的连接词,1）在从句中不做任何成分，只起连接作用。 Everybody knows (that) money doesnt grow on trees.2）在口语中可以省略，但当多个宾语从句并列时，只省略第一个 that。 He told me (that) he had finished his homework and that he would go out to play football.,that,1）在从句中不做任何成分，只起连接作用。that,3) it 常放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make 等后，作为形式宾语，真正宾语
4、-that 从句则放在句尾。 I thought it strange that he didnt call me 我觉得奇怪：他没给我打电话。 I find it impossible that he passes the exam. 我觉得他通过考试时不可能的事。 I believe it hard that you get No.1. 我认为你得第一是困难的。,3) it 常放在动词think, find, consid,if/whether “是否”，充当成分，起连接作用，不能省略,1）I wonder whether/ if it is true. 我想知道这是否是真的。2）She
5、asked me whether / if she could borrow these books . 她问我她能否借这些书。,if/whether “是否”，充当成分，起连接作用，不能省,只用whether，不用if 的情况：,1）在介词后，只能用whether It depends on whether the weather is fine. Mum is worried about whether his son stays at home. 2) 与or not 连用，whether or not. 若不是直接与 or not 用在一起，则有时也可用 if, whether/if
6、or not I dont know whether or not he will come. I dont care whether/if it will rain or not.,只用whether，不用if 的情况：1）在介词后，只能用w,3）在某些动词后(如 discuss 等) 通常只用 whether We discuss whether we should go travel.4) 与不定式to do连用,只用 whether He cant decide whether to accept or refuse. I dont know whether to go there a
7、t once. 5）引导宾语从句且放在句首时，只用 whether Whether he is single，I dont know.,3）在某些动词后(如 discuss 等) 通常只用 whe,用 whether, if 填空1. I wonder _ he has passed the exam.2. It depends on_ the boss will agree the plan. 3. I dont know _ he will come or not tonight.4. _ he will win the game is not yet known. 5. Please t
8、ell me _ to go or not.6. He asked _ we wanted a drink.,whether/if,whether,Whether,whether,Whether/if,whether/if,用 whether, if 填空whether/ifwhet,what “什么”I am interested in what she is doing.I want to know what is happening over there. 记住：say what , do what,who/ whom “谁”, who 作主格，whom做宾格Please tell me
9、 who will go with you.Do you know whom Mary is speaking to.,what “什么”I am interested in,whose “谁的”Please tell me whose computer it is.He asked whose homework was the best.,which “哪一个”Can you tell me which you want?He cant tell me which word is right.,whose “谁的”Please tell me whos,when(什么时候), where(哪
10、儿), why(为什么), how(怎样),Nobody knows when he can come.I knew where you went yesterday.Can you tell me why you came late to school?I dont know how to go to school.,when(什么时候), where(哪儿), why,带 how 的词组也都可以引导宾语从句,Could you tell us how often you go swimming ?,I dont know how far it is to the school.,Pleas
11、e tell us how many students there are in your school ?,Can you tell us how old his brother is ?,Please tell us how soon you will be ready .,Could you tell us how much it costs?,带 how 的词组也都可以引导宾语从句Could yo,用合适的连接词填空,1.Tom told me _ he didnt go cycling yesterday.（how, why）2. Can you tell me _ else is
12、going to be on duty today?（who, whom）3. He always thinks_ he can do better.（how, who),why,who,that,用合适的连接词填空1.Tom told me _,5. Do you know _ shirt it is? (whose, what),whose,4. I dont know _ the house will be finished.（how long, how soon）,how soon,5. Do you know _ shirt,注意一、语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词 + 主语 +
13、 谓语 + 其他成分,宾语从句 几个注意点,注意一、语序宾语从句 几个注意点,1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library . ,2. What does he want to buy ? I dont know what he wants to buy . I dont know what does he want to buy . ,3. Who are we going
14、to meet ? Can you tell me who we are going to meet ? Can you tell me who are we going to meet ? ,连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分,1. When will he go to the libr,注意二、时态1. 主句是现在的时态，从句的时态根据实际情况而定,I know he lives here .I know he lived here ten years ago . I have heard that he will come tomorrow .,2. 主句是过去的时态，从句的时态要
15、用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）,I saw she was talking with her mother. He asked whether it would rain tomorrow. He said that he had seen it .,注意二、时态I know he lives here .2,3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用一般现在时。,The teacher said that the sun travels around the earth .,3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理The teacher,宾语
16、从句的时态和语序,Could you tell me if it _ tomorrow? A. rains B. is raining C. will rain D. rain 2. The teacher told his students the sun_ in the east. A. rise B. rises C. rose D. risen,宾语从句的时态和语序Could you tell me if,3. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I c
17、ould get to the station D. how I can reach the station4. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like,C,D,3. Could you show me _,注意三： 宾语从句中的否定转移,我认为他不会来这里.,I think he wont come here. ( )I dont think he will come here. ( ),主语是第一人称，宾语从句是由 think, believe,
18、 expect, suppose等词引导时，要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去, 将think 等动词变为否定。,我认为他不会对我撒谎的.I _ he _ me.,dont think,will lie to,I dont think youre right. 我认为你是不对的。,注意三： 宾语从句中的否定转移我认为他不会来这里. I th,在think，believe，suppose，guess，hope等动词以及 Im afraid 等后，用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，用not代替一个否定的宾语从句：e.g. -Do you believe it will rain tomorrow? -
19、I believe_. 我认为会这样。 - I dont believe so. (或_.) 我认为不会这样。,注意四：,so,I believe not,在think，believe，suppose，guess，h,注意五：wh-+ever 引导的从句whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however ，,I dont believe whatever he said. 无论他说什么我都不信。Ill take whoever wants to go. 谁想去我就带谁去。You can pick whichever one you
20、 like. 你喜欢哪个就挑哪个。,注意五：wh-+ever 引导的从句whatever, w,注意六：在动词 suggest, insist, order, advise, require 等后的宾语从句中，谓语用虚拟语气(should) do的情况:,1.The teacher ordered that students _ (get up) at once.2.He suggested that we _(buy) the book.3.I insisted that he _.(他应该向我道歉),(should) get up,(should) apologize to me,(sho
21、uld) buy,注意六：在动词 suggest, insist, order,注意七. 关于doubt,肯定句中doubt后跟if/whether，否定句中doubt后面跟that. sb. doubts if/whether. sb. doesnt doubt that . There is no/some doubt that ._（毫无疑问） he will win the game.,There is no doubt that,It is doubtful _he is coming.,whether/if,注意七. 关于doubt肯定句中doubt后跟if/whe,1.We do
22、nt know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 2. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time3._he is doing seems quite difficult. A. How B. That C. Which D. What,A,B,D,ABD,4. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is
23、C. who is it D. who it is 5. Could you tell me how long _ ? A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. have you been away from China D. have you been a member of Greener China6. He says that if it _ tomorrow , he _ fishing . A. will rain , wont go B. rained , wasnt go C. rain
24、s , wont go D. rain , will go,B,C,D,4. Someone is ringing the door,六，某些固定搭配或句型I doubt whether/ I dont doubt that2. There is no doubt that There is no chance/possibility that It is no wonder that3. The reason is that The reason why I was late is that I missed the train.4. Im sure that Im not sure whether,whether/ if引导的名词性从句含有疑问意义；而that引导的名词性从句表示肯定意义。,小结：,六，某些固定搭配或句型whether/ if引导的名词性从句,Thank you !,Thank you !,
