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1、Lawrence macdonald, vice president, communications 劳伦斯-麦克唐纳，世界资源研究所国际交流与传播副总裁,The politics and economics of u.s. think tanks 美国智库的政治和经济情况简介,Early Think Tankers 古代谋士,Source: Brookings Institution 来源：布鲁金斯研究院,Source 来源: T,What is a think tank?智库是什么？,Image 图片来源: Wikimedia Commons/Juanedc,How do you defi
2、ne a think tank?如何定义智库？,Organizations generating policy-oriented research and advice to enable policymakers and the public to make informed decisions开展 政策导向的研究 并 提供建议 来确保决策者和公众做出 恰当决定 的机构,Adapted from McGann, James G. 2014 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report. http:/repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcont
3、ent.cgi?article=1008&context=think_tanks,Good Think tanks act as bridges优秀的智库像一座桥,Image图片来源: Flickr/William Verrbeek,Good Think tanks act as bridges优秀的智库像一座桥,Image图片来源: Flickr/William Verrbeek,But Sometimes the bridge is weak但有的时候这座桥不够牢固,Image图片来源: Flickr/Xaverian Missionaries,or has obscured connec
4、tions或者并不明确通向何处,Image图片来源: Flickr/Don McCullough,Number of think tanks by country and us state 各国/美国各州的智库数量,Source来源: Zara Matheson, Martin Prosperity Institute,Where are think tanks? Top 10 locations智库在哪里？10大热点地区,Source: McGann, James G. 2014 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report. http:/repository.u
5、penn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1008&context=think_tanks,what role do think tanks play in US Policy?智库在美国政策中扮演什么角色？,Image: Flickr/Alex Berger,Shape 塑造Provide expertise and new policy ideas 提供专业知识和新的政策理念Support 支持Critically analyze existing policy and engage stakeholders 辩证地分析现有政策并联结各利益相关方Challe
6、nge 挑战Act as an objective voice 发出独立客观的声音,Post WWII Evidence-Based Tanks 二战后的问题研究型智库,Conservative tanks 保守型智库,Progressive response 进步主义的应对,Characteristics of US Think Tanks美国智库特点,Diverse Funding 资金来源多样化Diverse Audiences 受众多样化Outcomes and Results 成果与结果,So whats an independent think tank to do?独立智库的职能
7、,Target executive-level decisions such as rule-making by federal agencies (EPA)影响高级别政策，例如联邦机构的政策制定 （美国环保署）Influence popular opinion via the media通过媒体影响大众Build coalitions, preferably bipartisan, around analysis 建立跨政党的研究联盟Conduct analysis for use by advocacy-based organizations开展分析研究供政策倡导型机构引用Improve
8、governance to increase the role of evidence in decision-making改善政府治理方式，提高决策过程的科学性,WRIS MISSION | To move human society to live in ways that protect Earths environment and its capacity to provide for the needs and aspirations of current and future generations.世界资源研究所宗旨| 致力于改善人类社会生存方式，保护环境以满足世代所需,WRIS
9、 MISSION |,WHAT IS WRIS DISTINCTIVE CONTRIBUTION?什么是WRI的不同之处？,Environment 环境,Development 发展,Action行动,Ideas理念,Climate 气候,Wri focuses on six global challenges世界资源研究所在六大领域开展工作,Images Flickr/Lyle Rains, Flickr/Waks, Flickr/USAID U.S. Agency for International Development, Flickr/PetterDuvander, Flickr/me
10、rrick brown, Flickr/alex ferguson,Forests 森林,Water 水资源,Food 粮食,Energy 能源,Cities & Transport城市与交通,OUR APPROACH 我们的工作方法,量化,通过数据、分析和工具来进行结果导向型管理,OUR APPROACH 我们的工作方法,量化,通过数据、分析和工具来进行结果导向型管理,变革,系统性的采纳意见及 交流传播,OUR APPROACH 我们的工作方法,量化,通过数据、分析和工具来进行结果导向型管理,变革,系统性的采纳意见及 交流传播,推广,开展一些列活动并进行试点，扩大影响,Our global
11、network我们的全球网络,Note: These numbers reflect full-time staff only as of April 2015.,45,1,8,30,8,56,20,Building coalitions联结伙伴,Using the media to get the message out通过媒体传递理念,Image: CCTV,Climate action is good for efficiency, competitiveness and growth 气候行动对提高效率、竞争力和增长是有利的,Source: Compared to baseline e
12、stablished 7 months before the launch of the report, this figure comes from 7 months after the launch of the global report. Image: CCTV,NCE media analysis reveals a 230% increase in online content agreeing with NCE messaging less than a year after first report新气候经济项目的媒体分析显示，在线支持该项目理念的人群相较于首份报告发布时增长了
13、230%,Using the media to get the message out通过媒体传递理念,International knowledge-sharing全球知识共享,U.S. policy not always created on the basis of evidence, but benefits greatly from it 科学依据和实证对美国政策制定有着重要影响U.S. could benefit from independent Chinese research on 美中两国可以在如下领域互相交流分享知识信息：Carbon pricing 碳价Energy efficiency 能效Low emissions zones 低排放区,谢谢www.wri.org,Lawrence MacDonald 劳伦斯-麦克唐纳世界资源研究所国际合作与交流副总裁Lmacdonaldwri.org,
