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1、,Metaphor of mammals,vertebrate,invertebrate,mammals,birds,amphibians,fish,reptiles,arthropod,mollusk,coelenterate,protozoan,echinoderms,platyhelminthes,annelida,nemathelminthes,mammals,birds,reptiles,fish,arthropod,mammals,Lion,For most Westerners, the lion is the king of the beasts. The “lion” usu
2、ally symbolizes confidence and strength. But when we translate some sentences into Chinese, we always use “tiger” instead of it.,as bold as a lion a lion in the way an ass in a lions skin,如老虎般凶猛拦路虎狐假虎威,Tiger,King王者 Wittmann威猛 symbol of strength力量,As we all know, tiger is the king of beasts in Chines
3、e tranditional culture.Crouching Tiger You have a tiger by the tail.You bit off more than you could chew.There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in his nature.Will the United Nationgs be able to make any difference,or is it just a paper tiger?Looks can be deceiving.He may be just a paper tiger.,
4、生龙活虎,你现在真是骑虎难下，你没有能力完成你接下的重任。,他的本性既残暴又狡猾。,联合国能起作用吗？也许它仅仅是只纸老虎。,外表有事是会骗人的，她可能只是个纸老虎。,cow/heifer,heifer She has grown into a heifer. cow The old lady is a cow.,小母牛 漂亮姑娘,她已出落成漂亮姑娘了。,母牛；肥胖而不整洁的女人,那个老妇人是个肥胖而不整洁的人。,Horse,A dark horse is not necessarily a horse, but to have the ability and hidden.Many of m
5、y students are dark horses:they have potentials that need only be exloited.,吹牛像老黄牛一样干活健壮如牛好马常须好靴内奸,You can take a horse to the water,but you cannot make him drink.牵马河边易，逼马饮水难（不要逼人做他不愿做的事。）Dont change horses in the middle of the river.不要在河中间换马（ 太危险）Horse:class of people （一类人）Along road tests a horses
6、 strength and a long task proves a mans heart. 路遥知马力事久见人心,Talk horse Work like a horse As strong as a horse A good horse often needs a good sper. A Trojan Horse,Wolf,have a wolf by the ears 骑虎难下A wolf in sheeps clothing 披着羊皮的狼The wolf has a winning game when the sheepherds quarrel. 螳螂捕蝉黄雀在后He has a
7、face like an angel, but he is really a terrible wolf. 他有貌似天使般的面孔，实际上他是个大色鬼。,pig/hog/swine,The pig“ hog“ swine“ are all mean stupid and rude when they are used to describe people.pigs might fly 无稽之谈，奇迹可能会发生Mr. Chan is a road hog, he is always impolite to other road-users and speeds on the road.陈先生是一个
8、路霸，他对其他道路使用者及不礼貌，又经常超速驾驶。to cast pearls before swine对牛弹琴,Bear,Bear:Rough （粗暴）Kings and bears often worry keepers. a bear gardenHer husband is such a bear that nobody likes him. The old man is a bear; he is always grumbling.,伴君如伴虎 嘈杂喧闹的地方她丈夫很粗暴，没人喜欢他他是个鲁莽汉，总是发牢骚。,birds,birdlike似鸟的，敏捷轻快的Bird on a wire
9、惊弓之鸟bird 喻指女朋友eg：Jim took his bird to the pictures last night.,bird,If dreams die, life is a broken-winged bird that can not fly 如果没有理想，生活就像是伤了翅膀的小鸟不能飞翔Kill two birds with one stone.一箭双雕；一举两得.A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.双鸟在林不如一鸟在手.Birds of a feather flock together.物以类聚,人以群分.Its an il
10、l bird that fouls own nest.家丑不可外扬.Fine feathers make fine birds.人要衣装,马要鞍.A bird is known by its note,and a man by his talk.听音识鸟,闻言识人.Each bird loves to hear himself sing.鸟儿都爱听自己唱.（自我欣赏）You cannot catch old birds with chaff.(粗糠).用粗糠捉不住老鸟.(有经验的人难骗.),bird,Every bird likes its own nest best.鸟皆爱其巢，人皆爱其家。
11、There are no birds of this year in last years nest. (今年的巢里找不到去年的鸟。)时过境迁。A crow is never the whiter for washing herself often.江山易改，本性难移。Birds in their little nests agree.同巢之鸟心儿齐.The early bird catches the worm.早起的鸟儿有虫吃.（捷足先登.）Unable to fly ,in vain the bird flaps his wings. 鸟儿不会飞，拍翅也枉然,bird,give a pe
12、rson the birdthe birds and the beesLike a bird To hear a bird sing To do bird A funny bird Birds eye view,bird,喝倒彩有关性的基本常识运转良好私下听人说服刑怪人鸟瞰,Bird of passage For the birds a little bird told me.a home birdOne swallow does not make a summer.eat like a bird,bird,流浪者、候鸟愚蠢无聊的我听说(但我不告诉你我是怎么知道的)。喜欢呆在家里的人。独木不成
13、林。吃的很少，食量小,reptiles,Dragon,In stories and legends,a dragon is an animal like a big lizard.It has wings and claws,and breathes out fire. This kind of animal in Chinese culture is sacred, auspicious, perfect, a symbol of high honor and the spirit of thriving.Chinese People have a special preference to
14、 dragon”. It is said the Chinese people are Descendents of the Dragon , which means Chinese people are a nation of greatness and outstanding. However,in English, the dragon is the symbol of evil.The word “dragon” refers to a fierce older woman (one who allows too little freedom to a young girl in he
15、r charge).Its very different from the meaning in China.Example: If you like，Ill pretend to be the dragon.,Crocodile,A crocodile is a large reptile with a long body and strong jaws.Crocodiles live in rivers and eat meat.to shed crocodile tears （ 掉 鳄 鱼 眼 泪）To shed crocodile tears means to cry when som
16、eone is not really sad or sorry. The meaning is same as that the cat to cry over the death of mouse.John is a crocodile（约翰是鳄鱼）means John is wild or shows his malignant behavior.,Chameleon,A chameleon is a kind of lizard whose skin changes colour to match the colour of its surroundings.He is a chamel
17、eon with no opinions of his own.In this sentence,chameleon refers to a man who always changes his minds and behaviors.They(the chameleon and the man) have a point in common that they are capricious.,Tortoise,A tortoise is a slow-moving animal with a shell into which it can pull its head and legs for
18、 protection.In Chinese, its metaphor is longevity or implying someones husband or wife is having an affair.However, in the west, the tortoise is used to mean slow work of people.example :as slow as a tortoise(慢如乌龟),fish,Fishing,Hook ones fish 如愿以偿, 用诡计得到想要的东西，得奖have other fish to fry 有其他鱼要煎 有其他事要做st
19、rike a fish 猛拉钩线把鱼钩住swim like a fish 识水性，像鱼一样善于游泳fish for 拐弯抹角地打听或谋取fish or cut bait 定取舍，决定行动方针fish out(up) 钓光，捕尽，探寻，找出，掏出，捞出catch fish with a silver hook 银钩钓鱼，意指钓不到鱼，花钱去买鱼，冒充是自己钓的fish wife (卖鱼妇) 比喻说话粗野的人,actions of Fish,white about gills (鱼鳃变白 有病容) nibble at (鱼咬一小口 尝试)alive and kicking (活蹦乱跳 生气勃勃)g
20、et a rise of (跳过 超过)fish dive (鱼跃)a fishy stare (两眼发呆的凝视),Cultural Element of Fish,neither fish, flesh, nor fowl中世纪时，fish是僧侣的食物，flesh(肉)是普通市民的食物，fowl(家禽)是穷人的食品。既不是fish或flesh，也不是fowl，即非驴非马之意。类似的词语有make fish of one and flesh of another(一个当成鱼，一个当成肉 厚此薄彼)。a pretty kettle of fish在苏格兰，每逢鲑鱼回游的季节，人们去河边进行野餐，
21、吃一锅新鲜的鲑鱼，场面十分热闹，因而这个短语就用来形容“一团糟”的局面了。red herring her 青鱼比喻转移对主要问题的注意力的东西。此习语源于猎狐时，用熏鲱引开猎犬不使它循嗅迹追猎。习语draw a red herring across the track意为谈些不相关的东西来分散谈话的中心。,Cultural Element of Fish,April fish西方有愚人节作弄人的习俗，受骗上当的人被称为April fish。eat fish on Fridays斋戒日吃鱼(有些基督教信徒在星期五不吃肉，作为守斋)。,Wit Element,Never fry a fish ti
22、ll its caught没捉到鱼别忙着开肚取肠(勿操之过急)。或：鱼未捉到不要忙着煎鱼；不要操之过急。He who would catch fish must not mind getting wet要抓鱼就不要怕沾水。即，有心采花不怕棘。If you swear you will catch no fish诅咒捕不到鱼。即咒骂不解决问题。It is a silly fish that is caught twice with the same bait两次上钩的鱼是蠢鱼。即智者不上两回当。The best fish smell when they are three days old新鲜的
23、鱼三天也要变臭。即作客不可久留。,Wit Elements,The best fish swim near the bottom好鱼常在水底游。即珍贵的东西不会轻易得到。The great fish eat up the small弱肉强食。Venture a small fish to catch a great one欲钓大鱼，先舍小鱼,Similarity between China & UK,drink like a fish像鱼儿那样能喝酒。相当于汉语的“牛饮”，牛是主要的农耕工具。cry stinking fish卖鱼人叫卖臭鱼，自扬家丑。汉语有一相反习语，“王婆卖瓜，自卖自夸”。
24、All is fish that comes to his net进到网里都是鱼。相当于汉语谚语“抓到篮子里的都是菜”。Fish begins to stink at the head鱼从头臭起。相当与汉语的“上梁不正下梁歪”。Never offer to teach fish to swim不要教鱼儿游泳。汉语的等值习语为“不要班门弄斧”。,Similarity between China & UK,Theres as good fish in the sea as ever comes out of it海里的鱼和冒出来的鱼一样多。相当于汉语的“留得青山在，不怕没柴烧”。汉语习语“如鱼得水
25、”表示处于顺境，英语习语like a fish out of water表示处于逆境。英汉语言中均有“喂鱼”的说法，即feed the fishes(晕船；葬身鱼腹)。a big fish in a small pond此习语并非小池塘容不下大鱼，而是小池塘的大鱼，相当于汉语谚语“林中无老虎，猴子称大王”。to fish in troubled waters此习语并不等同于“浑水摸鱼”，而含有干预，冒险之意。to throw a sprat to catch a whale用一条小鲱鱼去钓一条大鲸鱼，有“用小本赚大钱”之意，而不是抛砖引玉。,Fish means People,a shy fi
26、sh (害羞的人)a cold fish (冷漠的人)a loose fish (道德上放荡的家伙)a poor fish (愚蠢而又可怜的家伙) a queer(odd，strange)fish (没人要的鱼，低档鱼) 汉语中有关“鱼”的习语并不多见，且“鱼”有不少伴随意义。如指坏人“鱼龙混杂”；劣质货“鱼目混珠”；物产“鱼米之乡”；信件“鱼雁传情”。作为“余”的谐音，还有“年年有鱼”的习语。,arthropod,Arthropod(节肢动物),as busy as a beea beehive of activitymade a beelinethe bees kneesa bee in
27、ones bonnetthat is none of your beeswaxthe birds and the beesmad as a hornetStir up a hornets nest,忙碌地像只蜜蜂,忙碌的地方,径直到（某个地方）,出类拔萃的,脑海里有怪念头,不关你的事,初步性教育,非常愤怒,惹了麻烦,arthropod,have butterflies in your stomachants in your pantsstop bugging meput a bug in your earsnug as a bug in a rugsleep tight - dont let the bed bugs bite,紧张不安,形容焦躁不安，坐立不安,别烦我,一再地提醒某人,形容非常舒适,晚安，睡个好觉,
