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1、语法陈述句、疑问句、反意疑问句、感叹句、祈使句、倒装句,1陈述句的概念及其肯定形式和否定形式。2一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句的结构及答语的用法。3what和how引导的感叹句。,考点一陈述句（略） 考点二疑问句 1一般疑问句(1)各种时态的一般疑问句(略)(2)一般疑问句的回答用yes或者no。如：Does she go to school at 7：30 every day?_“她每天七点半去上学吗？”“是的，她是。”/“不，不是。”,Yes, she does./No, she doesnt.,(3)否定疑问句的答语否定疑问句通常是以be/情态动词/助动词not的缩写形式
2、开头的。表示请求、看法或者惊讶等。其答语和汉语习惯不一样。如：Arent you a student?_/_“你不是一名学生吗？”“不，我是。”/“是的，我不是。”2特殊疑问句常见的疑问代词有what, which, who, whom, whose；常见的疑问形容词有which, whose；常见的疑问副词有when, where, why, how等。,Yes ,I am,No, I am not.,3选择疑问句Is he Chinese or Japanese?Hes Chinese.“他是中国人还是日本人？”“他是中国人。”Would you like some juice or te
3、a?Neither.“你想要点果汁还是茶？”“都不要。”,考点三反意疑问句 反意疑问句的构成： 陈述句附加疑问句？附加疑问句的否定式必须缩写。1陈述句部分与附加疑问句部分意思相反： 前肯后否、前否后肯。如：Mary is a teacher，_？He didnt tell you the story，_？ 2反意疑问句基本对应形式如下：(1)be动词对应be动词。如：She is a policewoman，_？,isnt she,did he,isnt she,(2)情态动词对应情态动词。如：He can drive the car，_？ (3)行为动词对应助动词的相应形式。这种助动词主要指
4、帮助构成疑问句或否定句的do/does/did，以及它们的否定形式。如：He slept for 9 hours yesterday，_？ He didnt go to the park，_？(4)助动词对应助动词的相应形式。这样的助动词主要包括以下几种：现在进行时中的be一般将来时中的will/shall,cant he,didnt he,did he,现在完成时中的have/hasThey are swimming，_？Jane will visit Tianjin，_？ She has finished her homework，_？ 3特殊形式(1)当陈述句中含有表示否定的代词或形容词
5、，如nothing, none, no one, nobody, neither, few, little等，或含有表示否定的副词never, hardly, seldom时，则附加疑问句只能用肯定式。如：Linda has never been to Beijing，_？You can hardly see the blackboard clearly，_？,arent they,wont she,hasnt she,has she,can you,(2)祈使句的反意疑问句的附加疑问句部分用will you/wont you。如：Open the window, 注意 Lets go and
6、 have a look, shall we?(us表示包括听话人在内)Let us clean the classroom, will you? (us表示不包括听话人在内)结论：以lets开头的祈使句，后用shall we; 以let us(him, me, her)开头的祈使句，后用will you。(3)is 还是 has？如：Hes in the room, isnt he？(Hes He is)Hes gone to the park，hasnt he(Hes He has),will you/wont you?,Youd better stay at home, hadnt yo
7、u?4当陈述句部分是否定句时，英语与汉语的回答习惯存在差异。英语回答时，若表示与事实一致，就用“Yes肯定结构”；表示与事实相反，就用“No否定结构”。如：You didnt play football yesterday, did you?_/_“昨天你没有踢足球，是吗？”“不，我踢去了。”/“是的，我没踢。”,Yes, I did,No, I didnt.,考点四感叹句 感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语感叹句常用“what”或“how”引导，句末用感叹号。1what引导的感叹句(1)Whata/an形容词单数可数名词(主语谓语)！如：What a beautiful pi
8、cture (it is)! 多漂亮的一幅画啊！_ important meeting (it is)!多重要的一项会议啊！(2)What形容词复数可数名词/不可数名词(主语谓语)！如：,What an,What interesting stories (they are)! 多有趣的故事啊！_！多糟糕的天气啊！2how引导的感叹句(1)How形容词/副词主语谓语！如：How tall the tree is! 这棵树真高啊！_the horse is running! 这匹马跑得真快啊！(2)How陈述句(主语谓语)！如：_！我多么想念你啊！,What bad weather (it is)
9、,How fast,How I miss you,How she loves her daughter!她多么爱自己的女儿啊！(3)How形容词a/an单数可数名词(主语谓语)！如：How beautiful a girl (she is)!她是个多漂亮的女孩啊！,考点五 祈使句表示请求、警告、建议或命令的句子叫做祈使句。祈使句的主语一般是you(听话人），通常省略，其谓语动词一律用动词原形。句末用感叹句或句号，语调读降调。 1. 祈使句的肯定形式 句中只有不及物动词。如：,Come here! 过来！Look! 看！Come in! 进来！(2)及物动词宾语。如：Close the door
10、! 关门！Open your books! 翻开课本！(3)系动词表语。如：Be quiet, please! 请安静！_！小心！,Be careful,2. 祈使句的否定形式祈使句否定形式的构成是直接在动词原形前加dont。为了表示礼貌，也可以加上please。如：_. 不要在课堂上讲话。Dont close the window, please. 请不要关窗户。3let祈使句型表示建议Let me help you. 让我帮你吧。Lets go. 咱们走吧！这种祈使句的否定结构是在lets后加not。如：Lets not go now. 咱们现在先别走。,Dont talk in clas
11、s,4应答祈使句用将来时Remember to close the window when you leave._“记住离开时关窗。”“好的，我会的。”Dont talk in class._“课堂上不要讲话。”“对不起，我不会了。”5“祈使句and/or结果状语”句型此句型可以转换成if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句。如：,Yes, I will,Sorry, I wont,Hurry up, or you will be late.快点否则就迟到了。If you dont hurry up, you_ late.如果不抓紧，你就要迟到了。If you hurry up, you_ late
12、.如果快点，你将不会迟到。,will be,wont be,1以so/neither/nor开头的句子此句型说明前面的内容也适用于后者时，用倒装句“so/neither/norbe/助动词/情态动词主语”。如：He has been to Dalian, and _他去过大连，我也去过。John cant speak Japanese，_约翰不会讲日语，海伦也不会。2only在句首时Only in this way can you learn English well.只有用这种方法，你才能学好英语。,so have I,nor can Helen,考点六倒装句,4副词位于句首当here, t
13、here等副词置于句首时，谓语动词常用be, come, go。如：Here is your letter.这是你的信。Here he comes.他来了。Here you are.给你。,考点过关.完成下列反意疑问句1Her sister is very shy, _？2Peter stayed up last night, _？3Alice has never been to the village, _？4My brother cant swim, _？5Dont arrive late for class, _？,isnt she,didnt he,has she,can he,wil
14、l you,.同义句转换1What a tall boy he is! _ _ the boy is!2How delicious the food is!_ delicious food it is!3If you dont hurry up, youll be late. Hurry up, _ youll be late.,How tall,What,or,.根据汉语意思完成句子1没有水，人类不能生存。Man cant _ _ water.2你在这里工作多长时间了？_ _ have you worked here?3现在世界的人口是多少？_ _the population of the
15、world now?4我认为这个答案不正确，是吗？I dont think the answer is right, _ _？5. 一切都准备就绪了，不是吗？Everything is ready, _ _？,live without,How long,What is,is it,isnt it,11请不要在教室里听音乐。_ _ _ music in the classroom, please.12在图书馆要保持安静。Please _ _in the library.,Dont listen to,keep quiet,练习题,1.Sorry，Joe. I didnt mean to.Dont
16、 call me “Joe” .Im Mr. Parker to you，and _ forget it!A. do B. didnt C. did D. dont答案：D。2.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you_ advertisements showing happy families.A. will often see B. often see C. are often seeing D. have often seen答案：A。祈使句，+and you will。祈使句相当于条件状语从句3.Stand over there
17、，_ youll be able to see it better.A. or B. while C.but D. and答案：祈使句，+and you will。祈使句相当于条件状语从句,4.English has a large vocabulary，hasnt it？Yes._ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Knew答案：A。祈使句，+and you will。祈使句相当于条件状语从句。5.Los
18、e one hour in the morning，_you will be looking for it the rest of the day.A. but B. and C. or D. so答案：B。祈使句，+and you will。祈使句相当于条件状语从句,6_badtheweatheris!AHow BWhat CWhata DHowa答案：A。7_goodnewsitis!AHow BWhata CHowa DWhat答案：D。,8_thesunshineis!AWhatabright BHowabright CHowbright Dwhatbright答案：C。9_hewri
19、tes.AHowgood BHowwell CWhatgood DWhatwell答案：B。10_LiLeiruns!AWhatfastboy BWhatfast CHowfast DHowafast答案：C。,11. Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night,_A. dont they B. didnt they C. did they D. do they答案：C。前面有few表示否定的词，后面的疑问结构用肯定。12. His sister had a bad cough, _she?A. wasnt B. doesnt
20、C. hadnt D. didnt答案：D。前肯后否。,15. The lady couldnt say a word when she saw the snake,_?A. could the lady B. couldnt the lady C. could she D. couldnt she答案：C。16. Tina is unhappy now,_?A. isnt she B. is she C. is he D.did she答案：A。有前缀变的否定含义的词前面的句子依然当成肯定句。,13. John can hardly understand any Chinese, _he?A
21、. Cant B. doesnt C. can D. does答案：C。前面有hardly表示否定的词，后面的疑问结构用肯定。14. Dont smoke in the meeting-room,_?A. do you B. will you C. can you D. could you答案：B。前面是祈使句用will you。,17. Everything will be OK, _ ?A. will it B. wont it C. will they D. wont they 解析：B。Everthing做主语，疑问结构中用it。18. He said I was hardworkin
22、g, _?A. did he B. didnt he C. was I D. wasnt I 解析：B。主从复合句用主句变附加疑问句。,19. I dont think he made things worse, _?A. do I B. dont I C. did he D. didnt he答案：C。由I think等引导的从句要看从句来变附加疑问句。20. -Youve never seen dinosaur eggs, have you ?-_. How I wish to visit the Dinosaur World.A. Yes, I have B. No, I havent
23、C. Certainly, I have D. Of course, I havent答案：B。,21. I dont think _ difficult for a Chinese student to masteraforeign language withinfiveyears.A. that B. it C. too D. very答案：B。It是形式主语真正主语是后面的不定式。22. It is _of you to cheat in the exam.A. dangerous B. difficult C. foolish D. kind 答案：C。It is+形容人的形容词+of
24、 sb to do sth。,23. _ is very clear to everyone that he is round and tall like a tree. A. This B. What C. That D. It答案:D。It是形式主语真正主语是后面的that从句。24. Wow! Your T-shirt is so cool. I also want _ . Thanks a lot！A. it B. that C. one D. this答案：C。It指同类同物，one指同类不同物。,25. - I hear youve written another novel. -
25、 Yes. _ be out in a month or two.A. That canB. One mayC. It shouldD. The one will 答案：C。It指同类同物。26. Look! _.A. Here the bus comes B. Here is the bus comingC. Here comes the busD. Here the bus is coming.答案：C。Here放句首句子全倒装。,27. She did not see Smith. _.A. Neither did I B. Nor didnt I C. Neither I did D.
26、 So didnt I答案：A。28. -It was hot yesterday. -_.A. It was so B. So was it C. So it was D. So it did答案：C。So it was表示确实如此。,29. -Where is your brother? -There_.A. he is coming B. he comes C. comes he D. does he come答案：B。There放句首句子全倒装主语为人称代词不倒装。30. After that we never saw her again, nor _ from her. A. did we hear B. we heard C. has we heard D. we have heard答案：A。,
