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1、WRF模式运行及后处理简介,竺可桢-南森国际研究中心于恩涛2010-9-,报告提纲,WRF:Weather Research and Forecasting Model可用于业务和科研由包括NCEP、NCAR、NOAA等多家政府机构、科研机构及大学合作开发与更新采用F90语言，模块化代码编写，便于新模块耦合与更新,WRF 是？,哪些人使用WRF?大气科学家(动力过程，物理过程，天气气候研究)天气气候业务预报人员 气象应用(空气质量，水文),WRF应用领域：ARW&NMM 物理过程/参数化研究 个例模拟 天气预报系统研究 数据同化 ARW 区域气候模拟 耦合大气化学 全球模拟 Idealized
2、模拟,实例,2000-2009中国地区夏季降水模拟,Download&compile model,Download source codeCompile WRFCompile WPS,WPS&WRF下载与解压,1.下载WRFV3.2.1.TAR.gz 和 WPSV3.2.1.TAR.gz2.设置netcdf路径（netcdf库必须由本机编译器编译）3 解压,wget http:/www.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/src/WRFV3.2.1.TAR.gzwget http:/www.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/src/WPSV3.2.1.TAR.gz2.Export NETCDF=
3、/usr/local3.tar zxfv WRFV3.2.1.TAR.gz tar zxfv WPSV3.2.1.TAR.gz,WRF configure,生成configure.wrf文件,WRF compile(1),WRF compile(2),如编译成功，则会生成可执行文件,Tips:1.编译首先从最简单开始，即最好先从串行开始编译，编译成功再尝试编译并行。2.重新编译时，./clean a 清除所有，再开始重新编译。WPS tip:WPS使用WRF库函数，因此WPS必须放在WRF源代码同一个目录下。,WPS compile,SETUP&RUN MODEL,WPS,流程(1)设定dom
4、ain，准备静态数据geogrid.exe(2)解压强迫场资料(GFS,NAM.)ungrib.exe(3)将静态数据和强迫场资料转为WRF需要格式metgrid.exe所有设定通过namelist.wps,namelist.wps,&share wrf_core=ARW,max_dom=1,start_date=2007-09-02_00:00:00,2007-09-02_00:00:00,end_date=2007-09-03_12:00:00,2007-09-03_12:00:00,interval_seconds=21600,io_form_geogrid=2,/,start_date
5、,end_date 一个区域一列 interval_seconds是强迫场资料的时间间隔,namelist.wps(续),&geogrid parent_id=1,1,parent_grid_ratio=1,3,i_parent_start=1,53,j_parent_start=1,65,e_we=100,259,e_sn=76,199 geog_data_res=2m,2m,dx=60000,dy=60000,map_proj=lambert,ref_lat=35,ref_lon=105.5,truelat1=30.0,truelat2=60.0,stand_lon=105.0,geog_
6、data_path=geog/,there is more,geogrid 设置区域，生成静态数据,./geogrid.exe*生成 geo_em.d01.nc*“Successful completion of geogrid.”运行成功,Ungrib 准备强迫场资料,强迫场可以使用在分析或全球模式结果.需要指定合适的Vtable来解压grib1&grib2数据,“Successful completion of ungrib.”说明运行成功,metgrid.exe“Successful completion of metgrid.”.Output.met_em.d01.2007-09-02
7、_00:00:00.nc met_em.d01.2007-09-03_00:00:00.nc.,metgrid,http:/wrfportal.org/DomainWizard.html,WRF运行,流程运行 real.exe(生成WRF运行所需的输入资料)运行 wrf.exe都使用namelist.input来控制,namelist.input,&time_control run_days=0,run_hours=0,run_minutes=0,run_seconds=0,start_year=2007,2007,start_month=09,09,start_day=02,02,start
8、_hour=00,00,start_minute=00,00,start_second=00,00,end_year=2007,2007,end_month=09,09,end_day=03,03,end_hour=12,12,end_minute=00,00,end_second=00,00,For start_*,end_*,one column per domain,namelist.input(续),interval_seconds=10800 input_from_file=.true.,.true.,history_interval=60,60,frames_per_outfile
9、=6,6,restart=.false.,restart_interval=5000,interval_seconds 同 namelist.wpshistory_interval 结果文件输出频率frames_per_outfile 每个结果文件保存多少时次 restart=.true.是否重启运行restart_interval 输出重启文件的间隔,namelist.input(续),&domains time_step=360,time_step_fract_num=0,time_step_fract_den=1,max_dom=1,s_we=1,1,1,e_we=100,259,94,
10、s_sn=1,1,1,e_sn=76,199,91,s_vert=1,1,1,e_vert=31,31,31,num_metgrid_levels=27 dx=60000,12000,333,dy=60000,12000,333,grid_id=1,2,3,parent_id=0,1,2,i_parent_start=0,53,30,j_parent_start=0,65,30,parent_grid_ratio=1,3,3,parent_time_step_ratio=1,3,3,namelist.input(续),min=5,isfflx=1,ifsnow=0,icloud=1,surfa
11、ce_input_source=1,num_soil_layers=5,mp_zero_out=0,Microphysics(mp)scheme每个区域必须一致，但cumulus(cu)schemes各个区域可以不同不同的组合结果可能不同，但也可能一些组合模式无法运行，需要多多尝试,real,mpirun-np 2 real.exe tail f rsl.out.0000-extrapolating TEMPERATURE near sfc:i,j,psfc,p target d01 2007-09-03_12:00:00 forcing artificial silty clay loam
12、LAND CHANGE=0 WATER CHANGE=0 d01 2007-09-03_12:00:00 Timing for processing 0 s.LBC valid between these times 2007-09-03_09:00:00.0000 2007-09-03_12:00:00 d01 2007-09-03_12:00:00 Timing for output 0 s.d01 2007-09-03_12:00:00 Timing for loop#13=0 s.d01 2007-09-03_12:00:00 real_em:SUCCESS COMPLETE REAL
13、_EM INIT,wrf.exe,real.exe 生成文件：wrfbdy_d01 and wrfinput_d01(NetCDF files)多个区域 wrfinput会有多个SST update则会有wrflowinp mpirun-np 4 wrf.exe&结果文件：wrfout_d01*rsl.out/rsl.error*,WRF后处理,http:/www.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/OnLineTutorial/Graphics/NCL/index.html,推荐,NCL,load“$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/csm/gsn_code.nc
14、lload“$NCARG_ROOT/lib/ncarg/nclscripts/wrf/WRFUserARW.nclbegina=addfile(./geo_em.d01.nc,r)wks=gsn_open_wks(pdf,plt_ter5)res=TrueresMainTitle=GEOGRID FIELDS”pltres=Truempres=Trueter=wrf_user_getvar(a,HGT_M,0)rescnFillOn=TrueresContourParameters=(/0.,1000.,50./)contour=wrf_contour(a,wks,ter,res)plot=w
15、rf_map_overlays(a,wks,(/contour/),pltres,mpres)end,Special WRF NCL Functions,wrf_user_getvarGet native and diagnostic variableswrf_contour/wrf_vectorCreate line/shaded&vector plotswrf_map_overlays/wrf_overlaysOverlay plots created with wrf_contour and wrf_vectorwrf_user_intrp3d/wrf_user_intrp2dInter
16、polate horizontally to a given pressure/height(3d data only)Interpolate vertically along a given line wrf_user_ll_to_ij/wrf_user_ij_to_llConvert:lat/lon ijwrf_user_list_timesGet list if times available in input filewrf_user_unstaggerUnstaggers an array,Special WRF NCL Functions,wrf_user_getvarGet fi
17、elds from input fileter=wrf_user_getvar(a,”HGT”,0)ter=a-HGT(0,:,:)t2=wrf_user_getvar(a,”T2”,-1)t2=a-T2avo/pvo:Absolute/Potential Vorticity,cape_2d:2D mcape/mcin/lcl/lfc,!cape_3d:3D cape/cin,dbz/mdbz:Reflectivity(3D and max),geopt/geopotential:Geopotential,p/pres/pressure:Pressure,!rh/rh2:Relative Hu
18、midity(3D and 2m),slp:Sea Level Pressure,!td/td2:Dew Point Temperature(3D and 2m),tc/tk:Temperature(C and F),th/theta:Potential Temperature,z/height:Height,ua/va/wa:wind on mass points,uvmet/uvmet10:wind rotated to earth coordinates(3D and 10m),WRF NCL Functions example,slp=wrf_user_getvar(a,slp,5)t
19、2=wrf_user_getvar(a,T2,5)u10=wrf_user_getvar(a,U10,5)v10=wrf_user_getvar(a,V10,5)oscnLineColor=NavyBluec_slp=wrf_contour(a,wks,slp,os)otcnFillOn=Truec_tc=wrf_contour(a,wks,t2,ot)ovNumVectors=47vec=wrf_vector(a,wks,u10,v10,ov)plot=wrf_map_overlays(a,wks,(/c_tc,c_slp,vec/),pltres,mpres),ARWpost,作用：将WR
20、F结果转换为grads或vis5d文件 如果需要转换为vis5d文件，需要vis5d库文件,下载与编译：编译时需要WRF库文件./configure./compile,namelist.ARWpost,namelist.ARWpost,namelist.ARWpost,namelist.ARWpost,实例,2000-2009中国地区夏季降水模拟,实例,2000-2009中国地区夏季降水模拟,web资源,WRF model users sitehttp:/www.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/user_main.htmlARW users guidehttp:/www.mmm.
21、ucar.edu/wrf/users/docs/user_guide/contents.htmlWRF-ARW/WPS online tutorialhttp:/www.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/OnLineTutorial/index.htmWRF namelist descriptionhttp:/www.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/docs/user_guide/users_guide_chap5.html#NmlTutorial presentationshttp:/www.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/tutorial/tutorial_presentation.htm,谢谢！,
