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1、1aid1)n.(1)U帮助，援助One of the station staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid.一位车站工作人员见他有困难，便过来帮忙。,(2)U援助；救援物资；救援款项How much overseas/foreign aid does Britain give?英国在援外方面做出多少贡献？(3)U(完成某工作所需的)帮助、助手、辅助物He was breathing only with the aid of a ventilator.他只有靠呼吸机呼吸。(4)C辅助设备Photographs make usefu
2、l teaching aids.照片是有用的教具。,2)v.(sb./sth.)(in sth./in doing sth.)|sb.(with sth.)帮助，援助They are determined to aid him in his scientific research.他们决心对于他的科学研究给予援助。They aided me in solving the problem.他们帮助我解决这个问题。Aided by heat and strong winds,the fire quickly spread.借助高温和大风，火势迅速蔓延。,知识拓展1)first aid(对伤病人员的
3、)急救When someone is hurt,first aid should be immediately offered.当一个人受了伤时，应立即对他进行急救。2)with/by the aid of 借助于，通过的帮助With the aid of the computer,he worked out the problem.借助于计算机，他解决了这个难题。,活学活用My mother is a deaf,so she has to use a hearing_.AhelpBmachineCaid Dassist答案：C,2temporary adj.短暂的，临时的，暂时的A lot
4、of work now is temporary or parttime.现在有很多工作都是临时的或兼职的。The accident caused a temporary disability.事故造成了暂时的残疾。The council have placed us in temporary accommodation.委员会给我们安排了临时的住处。,知识拓展temporariness n.暂时性，临时性temporarily adv.暂时地，临时地I temporarily lived with my aunt.我暂时和我姑妈住在一起。活学活用完成句子艾伦找到一份临时工作。Ellen ha
5、s got_ _ _.答案：a temporary job,3illness n.1)U(身体或精神上的)疾病、病He has had a bad illness,but he is better now.他得了一场大病，可是现在他好多了。I missed a lot of school through illness last year.我去年因病耽误了很多课程。2)C 患(某种)病；患病期I have never seen her since her father fell sick of a serious illness.自从她父亲生重病后，我就再也没有见过她。During his i
6、llness,John stayed indoors.约翰在生病期间足不出户。,词语辨析illness,sickness,disease这些名词均有“疾病”之意。1)illness泛指一切疾病，强调生病的时间或状态，语体较sickness正式一些。His chances of recovery from illness are dim.他康复的可能性十分渺茫。2)sickness较口语化，可与illness换用，还可表示“恶心”。Shes been off work because of sickness.她因病没有上班。,3)disease 指具体的疾病，且通常较严重，发病时间也较长。It
7、is not known what caused the disease.这种病的起因不明。活学活用Having recovered from a long_，he began to take up his writing.Aill BillnessCsick Ddisease答案：B,4injury n.1)U&C(to sb./sth.)(对躯体的)伤害，损伤The injury to their key player could be a decisive factor in the game.他们主力队员受伤可能是这场比赛胜负的决定性因素。In the crash he suffere
8、d severe injuries to the head and arms.在事故中他头部和双臂受了重伤。There were no injuries(no people injured)in the crash.撞车事故中无人受伤。,2)U(对感情等)伤害、挫伤Damages may be awarded for emotional injury.可能会判处精神伤害赔偿。Most people protect themselves from injury to their selfesteem.大多数人保护自己使自尊心不受伤害。,知识拓展1)add insult to injury 既伤害
9、又侮辱；把关系弄得更糟；雪上加霜Adding insult to injury,she threw my gift into the trash.更糟的是她把我的礼物丢进垃圾筒。2)do sb./oneself an injury 使(某人/自己)受(身体的)伤害If you try and lift that suitcase youll do yourself an injury!要提起那只箱子，你就要受伤了！,词语辨析injury,harm,hurt,wound1)injury为名词，意为“(对躯体的)伤害，损伤”，常指意外事故造成的伤害。2)harm既可作名词，又可作动词，表示人在心理
10、健康、权力或事业上的损害，程度较轻。3)hurt也既可作名词，又可作动词，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上或感情上的伤害。4)wound也既可作名词，又可作动词，主要指战斗中刀或枪的创伤。,活学活用The little boy fell off the bike and suffered severe_.Awound BinjuriesChurt Dcut答案：B,5bleed v.1)流血，失血Your arm is bleeding;put a bandage on it.你的手臂在流血，用绷带包扎一下。2)给(某人)放血Doctors used to bleed people when
11、they were ill.医生过去常常为生病的人放血。3)sb.(for sth.)长期榨取(某人的钱)The blackmailers bled him for every penny he had.勒索者把他的钱榨得一干二净。,知识拓展blood n.血；血统bloody adj.流血的，血腥的He gave his blood to help his sister.他把血输给他妹妹以救助她。Jack came home with a bloody nose.杰克回家来了，鼻子流着血。,活学活用翻译句子他的鼻子正在流血。_.答案：His nose is bleeding,6choke v
12、.1)(on sth.)窒息，哽噎The child was almost choked by the heavy smoke.这孩子几乎被浓烟窒息了。2)(掐住喉咙)使停止呼吸，使窒息An old woman was found choked to death.发现一个老妇人被掐死了。3)(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来，使哽咽She choked with emotion.她激动得说不出话来。,4)sth.(up)(with sth.)阻塞，塞满(通道或空间等)The drains are choked(up)with dead leaves.下水道被枯叶堵住。,知识拓展1)choke bac
13、k 强忍住，抑制，克制She choked back a sharp reply.她把到了嘴边的一句尖刻的答话咽了下去。She choked back her tears.她忍住了她的眼泪。2)choke off打断，停止，终止The dry spell choked off the supply of water in that area.干旱使那地区断了水。,3)choke out(因感情激动而)哽咽着说，哽咽地说出某事He chocked out a reply.他哽咽着回答。“I hate you！”she chocked out.“我恨你！”她哽咽着说道。4)choke up(因感情
14、激动而)哽咽She chocked up when she began to talk about her mother.她开始谈起母亲时，便哽咽着说不出话来。,活学活用完成句子水流进他的喉咙，他呼吸开始困难。Water went down his throat and he_ _ _.答案：began to choke,fall ill 生病She has to stay home because her son falls ill.因为儿子生病所以她得待在家里。He had the misfortune to fall ill on the day of the examination.他
15、很倒霉，在考试当天生病了。,知识拓展1)fall asleep 入睡He had fallen asleep on the sofa.他在沙发上睡着了。2)fall silent变得沉默The room had fallen silent.整个房间变得静悄悄。3)fall in love坠入情网The boy fell in love with the girl.这小伙子爱上了这姑娘。,词语辨析fall ill,be ill两者都含有“生病”之意。1)fall ill瞬间性动词短语，在肯定句中不能与表示“时间段”的状语连用。如表示“因而病倒；患疾病”，常和介词with搭配。She fell i
16、ll with fever.她发高烧病倒了。,2)be ill“患病”，延续性动词词组，可以和表示“时间段”的状语连用。His mother has been ill for a month.他妈妈已经病了一个月了。注意：falladj.这一结构强调的是从一种状态进到了另一状态的变化情况，一般没有动作延续这种情况，也不用于被动结构。,活学活用As she_the newspaper,Granny_asleep.Aread;was fallingBwas reading;fellCwas reading;was fallingDread;fell答案：B,docin/sanshengshiyuandoc88/sanshenglu,更多精品资源请访问,
