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1、Unit 2Iron and the Effect of Exercise铁与运动的关系,New wordsmoderatea.1).He is a student of moderate ability.他是个中等水平的学生。At the time of accident,the car was travelling at a moderate speed.事故发生时，该车正已中速行驶。,2).她说话的语气非常温和。The tone of her speed was quite moderate.Both countries have called for a moderate approa
2、ch to the use of force.两国都号召温和地对待使用武力问题。2.evidencen.U有迹象表明全球正在变暖。There is some evidence that global warming is occurring.,3.consumevt.1).每餐都吃肉不明智。Its not wise to consume meat with every meal.During their university days they often spent their evenings consuming whisky.读大学时，他们常常和威士忌消磨晚上的时间。,2).Some o
3、f new air conditioners consume 70 percent less electricity than the old models.这些新型空调中有的比旧型的少耗电70%。美国所消耗的石油有45%是进口的。The United States imports 45%of the oil it consumes.4.plusconj.Plus,we didnt have enough money to take a trip to the seaside.而且，我们也没有足够的钱去海边旅行。,prep.Four plus five equals nine.The bill
4、 is$10,plus$1 for postage.汇票是10美元，再加上1美元的邮费。5.restrictvt.政府已限制了出入境的行动自由。The government has restricted freedom of movement into and out of the country.,We had to restrict the number of students on this course as the classroom was not big enough.教室不够大，因此我们必须限制选修这门课程的人数。6.liablea.1).be liable to do sth
5、.疲劳时我们容易出错。Were liable to make mistakes when were tired.,2).be liable to sth.The area is liable to floods.这地区容易受水灾。The boy is liable to bad colds.这男孩容易患重感冒。7.impactn.CHer speech made a great impact on the audience.她的演说对听众产生了很大的影响。,high-impact sports:sports that require great endurance,needing or usi
6、ng a lot of effort or energyhigh-pressure 高压的high-speed 高速的high-tension 高度紧张的high-performance 高功效的,8.typicala.It was absolutely typical of him not to reply to my letter.他不给我回信，这是他的一贯作风。There is no such thing as typical American.没有所谓的典型的美国人。typicallyad.Typically,she would come in late and then say sh
7、e was sorry.她通常来得晚，然后说对不起。,She has that slight coldness of manner which is typically English.她的态度有点冷淡，这是典型的英国式的冷淡。He is typically cool in pronouncement about his future.他在宣布自己的未来时表现出特有的冷静。9.advisablea.that should be done in order to avoid problems,此刻保持一定的勇气是应该的。A certain amount of courage is advisab
8、le at this point.It is generally not advisable for pregnant women to travel by air after the 28th week of pregnancy.一般说来，孕妇怀孕28周后最好不要坐飞机旅行。It is advisable that sb(should)do It is advisable that Tom be assigned the job.让汤姆做这项工作是明智的。,10.modifyvt.这个训练计划已经做了修改，以使学生们受益。The training program has been modif
9、ied to the benefits of the students.modification n.,11.undo vt.1).错已铸成，无可挽回。The mistake has been made and cant be undone.覆水难收。What is done cannot be undone.2).He undid the parcel.I undid the buttons of her white shirt.,12.derive vt.1).什么从实践中获得知识。We derive knowledge from practice.I derive great satis
10、faction from my work.我从工作中得到了很大满足。2).Many English words derive from Latin.英语中有很多词源于拉丁语。,There are defensive behavior patterns which derive from our subconscious fears.这些防范行为模式源于我们潜意识里的恐惧。13.striking a.a striking idea 一个好主意He bears a striking resemblance to his father.他长得非常像他父亲。14.interfere vi.I neve
11、r interfere in his affairs.我从不干涉他的事。,interfere withNothing can be allowed to interfere with our plans for the weekend.决不允许任何事干扰我们的周末计划。,Phrases and expressionsbounce back他还年轻，能够从这次挫折中恢复过来。He is young enough to bounce back from this setback.2.up toThe new stadium can hold up to 5,000 spectators.新体育场可
12、容纳5,000名观众。,3.tip sb.over the edgeNot being able to cope with everyday life,they were tipped over the edge into breakdown.因为不能应付日常生活，他们处于崩溃的边缘。4.go upMy weight keeps going up although I try not to eat too much.虽然我尽力不多吃，但体重还是在不断增加。,Exercises:Translation:EX:XI p.42,XI.1.The defendant,a woman of only 3
13、0,kept insisting on her own innocence.2.All things considered,dates,beans and some leafy green vegetables are the best sources of iron.3.No beverages are served with meals because they interfere with digestion.,Exercises:Translation:EX:XI p.42,XI.Taking the popularity of the region into consideratio
14、n,it is advisable to book hotels in advance.If you have a feeling of wanting to throw up after taking this drug,stop taking it immediately and consult your doctor as soon as possible.Summing up the discussion,he said both parties should consider the most effective way to solve the problem.,UNIT 2 Se
15、ction A Iron and the Effects of Exercise,Second Edition,Objectives,Understanding the text and learning language points.2.Grammar review:appositive+absolute structure.3.Writing a passage organized in cause-and effect way.4.Conduct a series of reading,listening,speaking and writing activities related
16、to the theme of the unit,Time allotment,Teaching Plan,Lead-in questions(oral work)Text analysis(discourse analysis approach)Language study(functional approach),Teaching methods,Teaching steps,Pre-reading tasks:1)lead-in questions-answers 2)background informationWhile-reading tasks:1)text analysis 2)
17、language focus 3)writing skillPost-reading tasks:exercises and assignments,Teaching Plan,Lead In,Text analysis,Language Focus,Exercises,Assignments,Contents,Lead in,Why is iron important to our health?What will happen if you dont have enough iron?How to prevent iron deficiency anemia?What foods are
18、rich in iron?What do you know about the relation between exercise and health?,Why is iron important to our health?,Iron is a mineral that helps build red blood cells.Most importantly,iron helps your blood cells carry the oxygen that is needed for energy.Getting the right amount of iron can improve y
19、our performance in sports and in school.,Lead in,You will become!,What will happen if you dont have enough iron?,anemic,Lead in,Lead in,How to prevent iron deficiency anemia?,Nutrition Tips:Choose breads and cereals that say“enriched”or“iron-fortified”on the label.These foods have extra iron that ca
20、n really boost your intake.Foods high in vitamin C help your body absorb iron.Eat iron-rich foods along with foods that are high in vitamin C.Dont take an iron supplement with caffeinated drink such as cola or coffee.Caffeine can interfere with iron absorption.,Lead in,What foods are rich in iron?,G
21、ood sources of iron include red meat,eggs,poultry(禽肉),fish,beans,and fortified cereals.It is important to know that your body absorbs iron from animal sources more easily than it absorbs iron from plant sources.,Lead in,What do you know about the relation between exercise and health?,Regular exercis
22、e is a critical part of staying healthy.People who are active live longer and feel better.Exercise can help you maintain a healthy weight.It can delay or prevent diabetes,some cancers and heart problems.,Text Analysis,Writing pattern:ExpositionAn analysis of the whole text structureParagraph writing
23、 technique,Text Analysis,Introducing the main topic p1:A new study found that exercise,even moderate exercise,may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women.p2-3:Direct quotations from Roseanne M.Lyle,the researcher of the study,to support p1.,Para 1-3:,Text Analysis,Iron deficiency is very common a
24、mong women and various causes.p4:Causes:Ignoring the amount of iron take-in;monthly bleeding;rejecting red-meat;not consuming enough iron-rich food.p5:Cause:Iron loss from exercise.p6:Cause:Exercise can result in iron loss through a variety of mechanism.,Para 4-6:,Text Analysis,Three stages of iron
25、deficiencyStage 1:No symptomsStage 2:Fatigue and poor performanceStage 3:People often feel weak,tired,and out of breath-and exercise performance is severely compromised.,Para 7-8:,Text Analysis,Use a better method to check the amount of iron stored in the blood and its advisable for both women and m
26、en to have a yearly blood test to check blood iron reserves.,Para 9:,Text Analysis,Advice on correcting iron deficiency p10:Modifying your diet or taking supplements p11:Selecting iron-fortified food;Cooking in iron pans;Avoiding drinking coffee or tea with meals.p12:Being careful about food choices
27、 and paying attention to warning signs.,Para10-12:,Text Analysis,Paragraph writing techniqueWriting a cause-and-effect paragraph.Para 4 can serve as an example.(See also SB p45),Language Focus,Words and phrases Chinese to EnglishSentence structure,Words and Phrases,观察鸟类行为遵守风俗遵守纪律遵守法律遵守规章庆祝生日过圣诞节过复活节
28、过感恩节,observe the behaviour of birdsobserve the customsobserve the disciplineobserve the lawsobserve the rulesobserve ones birthdayobserve Christmasobserve Easterobserve Thanksgiving,observe:vt.vi.观察；遵守；注意到；评论说;庆祝,observe:,他总是仔细观察,很少说话。Heobservescarefully but says little.你注意到她的话里有什么奇怪的地方没有?Have youob
29、servedanything strange in her words?每位公民都应该遵守交通规则。All citizens shouldobservetraffic rules.他说荣誉并非总是为应得的人所得。He observed that honours did not always go to those who deserved them.,moderate:adj.,适度运动对你有益。Moderateexercise will be of benefit to you.他的意见稳健不偏激。He holdsmoderateopinions.,neither very big nor
30、very small;not extreme;适度的；温和的；稳健的；中等的,evidence:,没有充分的证据能证明他有罪。There wasnt enoughevidenceto prove his guilt.证词很不利于被告。Evidenceweighted against the defendant.,UC证词;证据;迹象sth,such as a fact,sign,or object that gives proof or reasons to believe or agree with sth,consume:vt.,Each year Americansconsumea hi
31、gh percentage of the worlds energy.每年美国人都消耗掉世界能源的很大比例Im sure that Chinese peopleconsumethe largest amount of rice in the world.我敢肯定,世界上中国人吃掉的大米最多。,vt.消耗;消费;耗尽 use upvt.大吃,大喝 eat or drink,especially eagerly or in large amounts,bounce back,He was pretty ill with the flu,but he bounced back nicely.他患重流
32、感，但康复得很好。Although he was disappointed about not getting the job,Jack soon bounced back.虽然杰克没找到工作很失望，但他很快就重新振作起来了。Share prices bounced back today.股票价格今天回升了。,v.feel better or become successful after experiencing something bad.,note:vt.,The report noted a complete disregard for the safety regulations.报
33、告特别提到人们对安全规定的漠视。I failed to note that he had left.我没有注意到他已经走了。,vt.特别提到，指出 mention sth because its important or interestingvt.注意 notice;vt.记录 write down to remember,respectively:adv.,John and Peter work and studyrespectively.约翰和彼得一个工作,一个学习。The first,second and third prizes went to James,Lytton and To
34、mrespectively.一等奖、二等奖、三等奖分别为詹姆斯、利顿和汤姆所得。,adv.各自地,各个地,分别地 each separately in the order mentioned,up to,He is not up to his work.他不胜任工作。The new stadium can hold up to 5000 spectators.新体育场可容纳5000名观众。This is up to you!这取决于你。,多达;胜任;取决于,plus：,Two plus five is seven.二加五等于七。The temperature isplus four degre
35、es.温度为零上四度。He seems to have mistaken a plus for a minus.他似乎把正号误作负号了。Their strengthplustheir spirit makes them formidable.他们的力量再加上勇气使得他们难于战胜。,prep.加；加上adj.正的；超过的n.正数；加号；优势conj.并且,in addition,Health-conscious adj.,Some nouns and adjectives can be joined by a hyphen“-”to form adjectives.noun.+adj.adj.e
36、.g.iron-richhealth-consciouswater-proofwaist-deepice-coldsnow-whiteworld-famouscarefree tax-freefire-proof,restrict vt.,He feels this new law will restrict his freedom.他觉得这一新法律会限制他的自由。He restricted himself to five cigarettes a day.他约束自己每天只抽五支烟。The reports are restricted to descriptions and give no o
37、pinions about the facts.那些报道只限于记录事实,而未加以任何评论。,vt.限制;约束 limit;keep within limits,be restricted in ones movements 行动受约束be restricted to 限于,局限于be restricted within narrow limits 限于狭窄范围,be liable to/for:,(to sth./do sth.)likely to do sth bad or unpleasant 可能，倾向We are all liable to make mistakes when wer
38、e tired.我们疲劳的时候都容易出错。Children are liable to catch cold.小孩易患感冒This area is liable to flooding.该地区易遭受水灾。People who walk on the grass are liable to a fine of 5 dollars.在草地上走会被罚款五美元。(for)有法律责任的,有义务的 responsible by lawIf you have an accident,Ill be liable.小心!你要是出事,我是要负责的。He is liable for his fathers debt
39、s.他对父亲的债务负有偿还责任。,tip sb.over the edge:,tip:vi.口语疯狂，精神错乱,Stress is pushing him over the edge.压力正在将他推向崩溃的边缘Not being able to cope with everyday life,they were tipped over the edge into breakdown.因为不能应付日常生活，他们处于崩溃的边缘。,variety:,n.多样；种类；杂耍；变化，多样化,The hotel offers its guests a wide variety of amusements.这
40、个旅馆为住客提供了各种各样的娱乐活动。We all need variety in our diet.我们都需要饮食多样化.,give variety to 使丰富多彩variety shop/store杂货店；百货行improved variety 改良的品种variety dish 杂烩variety theatre 杂耍剧场for a variety of reasons 由于种种原因in a variety of ways 用种种方法a great/wide variety of多种多样的,词汇搭配：,typical:,adj.特有的；典型的；有代表性的=usual,character
41、istic,His father was atypicalnovelist of his time.他的父亲是那个时代的有代表性的小说家。It wastypicalof him to be so rude.他一向是非常粗暴无礼。That sarcastic reply istypicalof him.只有他才会那样挖苦地回答。,typically:,adv.典型地；代表性地；通常，一般；不出所料地=usually,Typically,he would come in late and then say that he had to go early.他一向是来得很晚，然后又总说他得早走。Wom
42、en in developing countries typically have their first child when they are very young.在发展中国家,妇女通常在非常年轻的时候就孕育她们第一个孩子。,compromise:vt.,n.让步vt.连累,危害,损害,The spokesman made it clear that no compromise was yet in sight.发言人表明,目前还不会妥协They found it wiser to compromise with her.他们觉得与她妥协更明智。Such conduct will com
43、promise your reputation.这些举动将会损害你的名誉。,advisable:adj.,明智的;可取的=sensible;wise,It is advisable for you to apply for the teaching position.你申请那个教师职位是明智的。I do not think it advisable to park our car here.我认为将我们的小汽车停放在此处是不妥当的。It is advisable that we(should)stay at home instead of going to the movies.我们还是不去看
44、电影,而呆在家里好,modify:vt.&vi.=change,alter,修改,更改change(a plan,an opinion,a condition,or the form or quality of sth),especially slightly in order to improve it.,modify partially,部分修改,modify drastically,大幅度修改,modify the terms,修改条款,modify the structure,改变结构,modify ones tone,缓和口气,改变腔调,modify a contract,修改合同,
45、derive:vt.vi.,获取；得自；起源,衍生于=get;obtain;originatederive(sth.)from sth.,We derive our food from the land.我们从土地获取食物。We can derive great pleasure from our studies.我们可以从读书研究中获得极大的乐趣。The word derives from French.这个词来自法语。,striking:adj.,显著的,突出的 which draws the attention引人注目的,容貌出众的 attractive,beautiful,There
46、is a striking difference between Jane and Mary.简和玛丽之间有显著的差异。She always wears striking clothes.她总是穿着引人注目的衣服。She is a very striking young woman.她是一位非常引人注目的年轻女子。,interfere:vi.,vi.(in)干预;调停 push oneself into a matter which does not concern onevi.(with)妨碍 get in the way of another,I never interfere in hi
47、s affairs.我从不干涉他的事。Constant interruptions interfere with my work.一次又一次的干扰妨碍我的工作。As he is always interfering,I told him to mind his own business.因为他常来指手画脚,所以我让他少管闲事,Chinese to English,耐力运动员缺铁性贫血中等强度的锻炼服用补铁剂恢复健康育龄妇女保健意识强的女性限制饮食由于未知的原因,endurance athletesiron deficiency anemiamoderate exercisetake iron
48、supplementsbounce backwomen of childbearing agehealth-conscious womenrestrict ones dietfor unknown reasons,Chinese to English,铁质储量低推荐的日摄取量 通过多种机制铁质储量低疲倦和力不从心大打折扣；受损长跑运动员调整饮食,low iron reserverecommended daily allowancethrough a variety of mechanismslow iron reservefatigue and poor performancebe sever
49、ely compromisedlong distance runnersmodify ones diet,Sentence structure,I.Please observe how a pair of sentences can be combined using an appositive.e.g.The first and most common is having low iron reserves.Its a condition that typically has no symptoms.The first and most common is having low iron r
50、eserves,a condition that typically has no symptoms.,Sentence structure,Combine the following groups of sentences using an appositive.Mr.Howe is my favorite professor.He has received a Distinguished Teacher Award.Mr.Howe,my favorite professor,has received a Distinguished Teacher Award.,Sentence struc
