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1、,高考英语解题思路,短文填词,一、题型说明 二、短文填词题八大考点三、学生普遍存在的二大问题 四、短文填词题三大解题策略五、实战演练,主要考点：短文填词以考查实词为主，兼及虚词。,2009年福建省质检和高考试题中短文填词部分考查的要点。,.strategies:,根具体的命题特点，我们可采用：确定词 确定词性 确定词形三部曲的方式来完成。,a.确定词。解答给汉语提示的单词拼写题时，切忌不考虑句意简单翻译，汉语和英语在互译时并不是永远能一一对等的。b.确定词性。分析应填词担任的句子成分，正确判断所缺单词的词性。c.正确、工整、清楚地拼写出所填单词正确形式。,Tips:,通读全文，获取大意。根据前
2、后已知信息确定单词，并判断词性。结合语境，确定词性。正确拼写单词。重读课文，核查答案。,1.形式：替换试卷中原短文改错题，重点考查单词拼写、语言基础知识、语篇理解能力和语言表达能力；在考查词汇的同时也考查学生读与写的能力。考生必须在理解短文内容的基础上，把握短文主旨大意，运用所学语言知识填空，使短文语篇完整。2.选材：符合学生的书面表达水平，短文词数在130左右，共设10小题，第一行不设题，其余每行挖空一处设一题；考查以实词为主，兼顾其他词性。3.提示方式：有首字母提示、汉语提示、语境提示，其中首字母提示、汉语提示各34个，语境提示23个。每个空格根据提示用一个单词的适当形式填空。4.答案的唯
3、一性。如果出现与标准答案不同,但符合题目要求的答案也可以接受，具体由阅卷点裁定。每个空格只能填入一个答案，超过一个的，该小题以零分计。短文填词共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分,1、名词：可数、不可数，可数名词的单复数形式；特别容易忽略名词的单复数，知道了名词的单复数，有时特别容易拼错，尤其是一些可数名词单复数的特殊变化，以及动名词之间的转换；如：leafleave;mediummedia;adviseadvice,practisepractice;succeedsuccess;,2、动词：时态、语态、非谓语及动词形式的不规则变化；broadcast(broadcast,broadcast)广
4、播 equip(equipped,equipping)装备注意：quarrel,signal,travel中的l可双写（英国英语）也可不双写（美国英语）,3、形容词、副词：形容词与副词的区别（也可能考比较级及最高级）；Simplesimply,fishfisherman,possiblepossibly 可能的,practicalpractically 实际的,4、数词：主要考序数词。容易拼错的序数词，如：1.twentytwentieth,2.ninth第九 3.forty四十 4.twelfth第十二,5.常见短语的掌握Call on号召，拜访（后接sb）/call in召集/call a
5、t拜访某地;in good health;focus on关注/concentrate on 集中注意力,6.常见从句的掌握，定语从句与宾语从句的区别 7.同义词的辨析Cloth布料/clothes衣服/clothing衣服总称,celebrate庆祝/congratulate祝贺,hungry饿/starve饥饿,disturb打搅/bother打扰,8.形近易混词的区分quality质量/quantity数量,similar相似的/familiar熟悉的,adapt适应,改编/adopt收养，采纳,首先：单词拼写问题，很多可能知道要填的单词，但拼写往往出错；其次：如何确定所填词的词性，有些
6、空确实特别需要注意的是细节的把握：如名词的单复数，和动词形式的变化以及词性之间的变换。,关键找搭配信息第一对于首字母提示和语境提示的空格：如何判断其意义及词性，关键看搭配，重点找已知信息。搭配包括：主谓搭配，动宾搭配，前置定语（形容词、动词分词）+名词或名词+后置定语（形容词，动词分词，介宾短语或者定语从句），谓语+状语（副词），副词修饰形容词等等。空格前后的已知信息词决定着空格词的词性；,第二：汉语提示题相对简单：大部分我们可以根据汉语提示直接写出答案。但需特别注意的是有时题中给出我们的意思能够理解，但词性的选择和单词的选择还是需要根据具体的搭配信息确定。而且中文往往是模糊的，与之相近的意思
7、的单词或许不止一个词。这时更需要我们根据文中已知信息来确定。,For example:,1.They got lost in the desert and _(挨饿)to death.,解析：并列连词and 连接二谓语动词，前后一致，前面是动词got,则后面也应是动词的过去时,故只能填starved,而不会是形容词hungry.,2.Please give my _(祝贺)when you see her.3.They re going to _（庆祝）their victory with music and dancing.,解析：庆祝和祝贺在中文看来是近似的，但在英文中的区别明显。Cele
8、brate庆祝，后面接的宾语往往是胜利或是节日。而祝贺的宾语则是对个人成功等的祝贺。本题空格在动词give的后面，故应填congratulation.而68题则应是celebrate.,4.The book gives a short _（描述）of the city.,解析：很明显该处应填名词description.注意：describe和description的词性转化。,第三：单词的正确拼写,名词：动词:形容词 副词：数词和月份，星期 短语：主从复合句：,1.名词：名词的单复数的确定主要根据：(1).并列连词 and,but以及or前后的名词或代词的单复数，前后往往是一致的；(2).根据
9、主谓一致的原则，关键看谓语动词或系动词的数。,1.On the morning of April 29,2008,from 10:00 to 11:00,hundreds of millions of students from primary,middle schools and u_ all over China joined in a national student sports program.2.We aim at q rather than quantity.3.Eric came running into the room,out of b.4.Nowadays most pe
10、ople use paper _(手帕).5Spring has come,and the trees are thick with green _（叶子）.,quality,universities,breath,handkerchiefs,leaves,2.动词:一定要注意动词的时态，语态及非谓语形式，这又和考查学生对动词ing及ed形式的变换的掌握能力息息相关。,1.Letting the water run while you brush your teeth w water.2.The patient kept c_ all night.3.Do you think_(游泳)is a
11、llowed in the canal.4.A fence at the back of the garden_(分开)us from the neighbors.5.I r_ Mike the moment I saw him.6 _（赢得）the support of the majority requires time,energy and devotion.7They finished _（测量）that piece of land last week.8.The boy spoke in a very low voice _(承认)he had broken the glass.,w
12、astes,coughing,swimming,separates,recognized,Winning,measuring,admitting,3.形容词:特别注意名词转化形容:Asia Asian,AustraliaAustralian,EuropeEuropean(地名等专有名词第一字母必须大写)。,1.Rice is grown in China,Japan and other A_ countries.2.The story is written by an _（澳大利亚）engineer.3.This plant is found in the _(南部)parts of the
13、country 4.She looks f_ to me,but I dont remember her names.5.My train was 20 minutes late in the morning and there was a _(相似的)delay in the evening.,similar,familiar,southern,Australian,Asian,4.副词：副词主要修饰形容词，和动词。,1.Dont be frightened by the television camera.Just speak _(自然地).2.G_ speaking,parents ca
14、re more about their childrens health than about their own.3.The telephone rang and he answered it i_.4Attention please,the game will begin（立刻）.5There are only five minutes left.Well have to walk q_ to get there on time.,naturally,immediately,Generally,quickly,immediately,5.数词和月份，星期 数词：主要考序数词。,1.The
15、_(第十二)man in a football team will play if one of the other players is ill.2.Their office is on the_(第九)floor.3.Ill go and see you next_(星期六).4._（一月）is the first month of the year.,容易拼写错的数字。如：1.eighth第八2.ninth第九3.forty四十4.twelfth第十二5.twentieth第二十一个星期七天：1.Monday 2.Tuesday 3.Wednesday 4.Thursday 5.Frid
16、ay 6.Saturday 7.Sunday一年十二个月:1.January 2.February 3.March 4.April 5.May 6.June 7.July 8.August 9.September 10.October 11.November 12.December,twelfth,ninth,Saturday,January,6.短语：,1.Could you help Li and tell him how to get _ of this bad habit and return to normal life again？2.He was p_ of the Olympi
17、c Gold Medal he won for his country.3.Not paying a_ to the road can be dangerous,even deadly.4.It is important for drivers to f_(关注)on what is going on around them.,rid,proud,attention,focus,7.主从复合句：从样题分析来看，此题一般在12题左右。一般以考查从句的连接词为主，而宾语从句，定语从句以及时间状语从句的连接词出现频率较高。,1.I think _ a good idea for us Senior students to have daily sports.2.We spend an hour a day on exercise,_ is well worth doing.3.His wife is worried and afraid t drinking will destroy their happy life as well as Li Hua himself.,that,which,it/its,Good-bye!,
