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1、动词不定式,结构:to do(否定)not/never to do省略to的:do,三.用法/功能,To see is to believe.Its important to learn.,(1).主语,不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语.To learn a foreign language is not easy.=Its not easy to learn a foreign language.,Its+,+(for+sb.)+to do sth.,Its+,difficult,hard,easy,possible,impossibleImportant,+(of+sb.
2、)+to do sth.,clever,wise,kind,good,right,nicewrong,bad,cruel silly,stupid,foolish careful,careless,e.g It is hard _ you to do it well.=For you to do it well is hard.It is kind _ you to help me.=You are kind to help me.,for,of,Its clever _ him to say so.It is impossible _ you to finish it.It was wron
3、g _ you to tell a lie.It was careless _ you to make so many mistakes in the exam.It is silly _ her to do such a thing.It is important _ you to learn English well.,of,for,of,of,of,for,e.g,Exercises,1.You did very well this time.-Its really kind _.A.for you to say so B.for you saying soC.of you to say
4、 so D.of you saying so2.It is better to lose ones life than _.A.if you lose your spiritB.losing his spiritC.to lose ones spiritD.your spirit getting lost,C,C,1.Its very nice of them _(send)me the flowers.2._(become)a teacher is my dream.3.Its very important to learn English well.(同义句转换)_ _ English w
5、ell _ very important.4.Its important _Chinese well.to learn B.learn C.learning D.learns,(2).表语,My job is to help the patient.Your task is to clean the classroom.The important thing is to finish the work on time.,1.My job is _computers.to selling B.sell C.to sell D.sold2.Her hobby is _(play)football.
6、,I want to go home.The workers planned to get better pay.I found it necessary to talk to him again.,(3)宾语,think/make/find it+adj.+to do,常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：hope,refuse,learn,need，failchoose,decide,agree,plan.,I think it important to learn English.,find it+adj+to do=find(that)it is to do.think itto do=thi
7、nk(that)it is+形容词+to do,I found it easy to learn English.=I found it was easy to learn Enlish,I felt it hard _(give)up _(smoke),1.My friends want _(book)some tickets to the movie for us.2.My parents decide _(give)me more money.3.He plans _(go)to Beijing for a holiday.4.The boy hopes _(pass)the Engli
8、sh exam.5.My little son is able _(read)some words.6.Ill try my best _(help)you.7.She would like _(become)beautiful.,动词+疑问词+to do,I dont know what to do.Im not sure where to go.We wonder how to deal with it.,1.Joe is teaching Alice_the chair.how mend B.how mending C.how to mending D.how to mend2.I do
9、nt know what_(do)next.3.Could you tell me when _(have)dinner?,Li Mei asked me to show her the new book.,注：有以上结构的常用动词有 tell.wish,ask,want,invite,warn,advise,teach,help,等。,(不带 to 的不定式),注：常用的动词是：感官动词see,hear,feel,watch,notice；使役动词 have,make,let.,1.Dont ask Jim _(go)swimming with us,because his mother w
10、ont let him _(do)so.2.Does you mother like you _a doctor?A.being B.to be C.are D.become3.My teacher always tells me _(study)hard.4.I dont want you _(help)me.5.Shed like me _(join)them.6.I wish you _(have)a good time.7.My best friends teach me _(swim).8.Her boyfriend often invites her _(have)dinner.9
11、.My mother always gets my father _(do)housework.10.I order you _(wash)your hands.,动词不定式的否定形式为：not+to do not+do,Mr.Smith asked the boy _(not play)this kind of game.,not to play,Please make him _(not do)so much housework.,not do,I made him do his work.I always saw her play violin.He advised me not to
12、stay up often.,不定式用在介词but,except,besides后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to.,(1).She could do nothing but cry.(2).I have no choice but to go.(3).What do you like to do besides sleep.,1.When they went into the park,they saw someone _ Chinese Kongfu.plays B.played C.to play D.playing2.Mr.Brown
13、 made his students _ the new words again.A.copying B.copy C.to copy D.copied 3.Please let the students_ down.A.sitting B.sat C.sit D.to sit 4.Is Wei Fang good at singing?-Yes,she is.We often hear her _ in her room.A.to sing B.sing C.sings D.singing 5.A strange noise made me_(stop)my work.,I have som
14、ething to say.He has a lot of homework to do.He is looking for a room to live in.There is nothing to worry about.,(5).定语,(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词.something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。),不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他后置定语之后。,1.不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系：,(1)动宾关系 I have a lot of work to do.我有很多
15、工作要做。(2)主谓关系 He is always the first to come.他总是第一个来。(3)同位关系 We all have a chance to go to college.我们都有上大学的机会。,2.不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工具等，即使是及物动词，不定式后面仍须有相应的介词。,3.不定式所修饰的名词如果是time,place或way，不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。He had no money and no place to live.他没钱没地方住。,请给我一支写字的笔.,Please give me a pen to write with.,6.作
16、定语(后置）1.Do you have anything more_ 要说?2.She has a lot of work _做 every day.3.The old man has a house _ 住.4.She is a nice person_ 共事.,to say,to do,to live in,to work with,I came here to see you.He got up early to catch the train.,(6)状语,in order to,为了 enough to,too.to.,She sells flowers_ money.A.made
17、B.make C.to make D.to be made 2.The room is not big enough _.A.to live in B.to be lived in C.to live D.for living 3.Im sorry you.trouble B.trouble with C.to trouble D.trouble about4.He is too young _(go)to school.,关于小品词to,(1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要 省略该动词.,eg:Would you like to go with me?Id like to.,(2).不
18、定式是to be 结构,be 不可省.,eg:Would you like to be a teacher?Id like to be.,9.-Did you get a job?-No,I _,but its no use.wished B.tried to C.hoped D.planned10.We find it impossible for us _ the work.to finish B.finishing C.being finished D.to be finished11.-I usually go to Shanghai by train.-Why not _ there
19、 by boat for a change?to try to go B.try going C.to try going D.try to go,B,D,B,3.I cant work in this way.-Why not _ it in some other way?A.try to doB.try doingC.trying to doD.trying doing4.Since you find it difficult _ a decision,youd better_ a discussion(讨论)with your parents.A.reach;haveB.reaching
20、;haveC.reach;havingD.to reach;have,B,D,7.There isnt any difference between the two.I really dont know _.A.where to chooseB.which to chooseC.what to chooseD.to choose which8.The bag is too heavy for me _.A.to carry itB.not to carry itC.to carryD.not to carry9.The teacher will teach him _.A.to useB.us
21、e itC.how to use itD.uses,B,C,C,7._ a living,she had to work from morning to night.A.To make B.MadeC.Making D.To have made8.We agreed _ here.A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have met9.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _.A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.d
22、o not to,14._ late,Bob turned off the clock.A.To sleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.Having sleep15.The teacher asked us _ so much noise.A.dont make B.not make C.not making D.not to make,They looked for him everywhere and found him _ under the tree.a.lies b.lyingc.lay d.lain,1.My mother often asks me _ some
23、cleaning on Sundays A do B.does C.did D.to do 2.Do you often hear John _in his room?Listen!Now we can hear him _ in his room.A.sing,to sing B.sing,sing C.sing,singing D.to sing,singing 3.I watched her _ in the next room last night.A.dancing B.to dance C.dances D.dance4.Lets _swimming after the exam.
24、A.go B.goes C.to go D.went5.Youd better _a bus.A.to catch B.catch C.catches D.catching,注意结构,look forward to doing sth.（盼望）pay attention to doing sth.（注意）be used to doing sth.（习惯于）prefer doing sth to doing sth更喜欢）,stop doing/to do,stop to do停下来去做另一件事，stop doing停止正在做的某事。Eg:他们停下来吸烟。They stop to smoke.我
25、必须戒烟了 I must stop smoking.,forget to do忘记要去做某事，forget doing忘记做过某事。Eg：办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作The light in the office is still on.He forgot to turn it off.他忘记他已经关了灯了。（已做过关灯的动作）He forgot turning the light off.,forget doing/to do,remember doing/to do,remember to do 记得去做某事remember doing记得做过某事记着放学后去趟邮局。
26、Remember to go to the post office after school.你不记得以前见过那个人吗?Dont you remember seeing the man before?,go on doing/to do,go on to do做了一件事后，接着做另一件事，go on doing继续做原来做的事。Eg：做完数学后，他接着去做物理。After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics.做完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习Go on doing other exercises after you hav
27、e finished this one.,try doing/to do sth.,try to do sth.努力,尽力做某事Although maths is difficult,I will try to study it.try doing sth.试着做某事The watch couldnt work.Lets try mending it.,She reached the top of the hill and stopped _on a big rock by the side of the path.A.to have rested B.resting C.to rest D.
28、rest2.Its time for class,please stop_(talk)3.He stopped _(say)hello to me when he saw me.4.Its too late,lets stop_(work)5.He stopped_(cry)when seeing his mother.,C,talking,to say,working,crying,1.Dont forget _ your homework with you when you come tomorrow.A.to bring B.bringing C.to take D.taking2.-D
29、o you still remember _ me somewhere in Beijing?-Yes,of course.Two years ago.to see B.see C.seeing D.saw3.Remember _(not be)late next time!,只能跟v+ing 的动词：finish,enjoy,mind,keep(on),practice,feel like(want),be busy doing.give up,look forward to doing,cant help doing,1.I cant help _(cry).2.He didnt fini
30、sh _(do)homework.3.Would you mind _(close)the window.4.Every day Mary practice _(speak)English.5.Kangkang is busy _(watch)TV now.6.I look forward to _(hear)from you.7.They keep _(play)basketball.8.My sister feels like _(eat)ice cream.,12.Its time to do sth.Its ones duty to do sthIts ones turn to do
31、sth Take turns to do sth.It takes sb some time to do sthIt costs sb some money to do sth主语+adj to do sth,It cost me 5 yuan _(buy)the book yesterday.It will take him 8 minutes _(get)there.We take turns _(clean)the classroom.4.Its time _(stop)_(talk)about it.5.Its my duty _(help)you.,1.He was so angry
32、 that he couldnt say anything.He was too angry _ _ anything.2.I dont know when we will have the meeting.I dont know when _ _ the meeting.3.He said he would write a letter.He said he would have a letter _ _.4.That you read English in the morning is very important.It is very important _ you _ _ Englis
33、h in the morning.5.He was so strong that he could lift the stone.（石头）He was strong _ _ lift the stone.6.His father went to Beijing for his holiday.His father went to Beijing _ _ his holiday.7.They got up early so that they could get there in time.They got up early _ _ _ get there in time.8.His broth
34、er decided that he would buy the book.His brother decided _ _ the book.9.He hopes that he can visit the Great Wall.He hopes _ _ the Great Wall.,同义句，每空一词。,12.Do you want to say anything for yourself?Do you have anything _ _ for yourself?13.We dont know what we shall do next.We dont know what _ _ next
35、.14.Im very sorry on hearing the bad news.Im very sorry _ _ the bad news.15.He stopped and had a look at me.He stopped _ _ a look at me.16.I helped him with his English.I helped him _ _ English.18.The box is so heavy that I cant carry it.The box is too heavy _ me _ carry.19.“Dont sit down!”the boy said to his dog.The boy ordered his dog _ _ sit down.20.“Dont make any noise,”she said to me.She _ me _ _ make any noise.,
