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1、“What people say,how they say it,what they dont say-and especially what they mean by what they say-are all deeply affected by culture.”-Craig Storti,Communication Styles,High Context/IndirectVs.Low Context/Direct,Main Question,How much of the meaning of a statement comes from the setting(context)?Or
2、 how much from the words chosen?,High Context/IndirectMeaning of the message comes more from the context/setting than it does from the direct words spoken.,Low Context/DirectMeaning of the message comes from the words that are spoken.,High Context/Indirect,People tend to infer,suggest,and imply rath
3、er than say things directly(This is how it appears to people from low context/direct cultures)Cultures tend to be more collectivist where harmony and saving face are the greatest goods(This results in the natural tendency to avoid confrontation)Because of the in-groups of collectivist cultures,membe
4、rs have in intuitive understanding of each other,Indirect/High Context(cont.),As a rule,people dont need to spell things out or say very much to get their message acrossThis intuitive understanding is known as contextMessages often dont need words to be expressed.The message is often expressed in te
5、rms of what is not said or done.The goal of most communication is preserving and strengthening the relationship with the other person,Direct/Low Context,Tend to be less collectivist and more individualist,with less developed in-groupsPeople lead more independent lives and have fewer shared experienc
6、esThis results in a less instinctive understanding of othersPeople need to spell things out and be more explicit,Direct/Low Context(cont.),People need to say exactly what they mean rather than merely suggest or imply their meaningThere is less context,less that can be taken for grantedThe spoken wor
7、d carries most of the meaningYou should not read anything into what is not said or doneThe goal of most communication exchanges is getting or giving information,Part I,1.I2.D3.IIDD,IDIDII,Degree of Directness,Direct,Indirect,Less,More,Importance of Face,In your own words,why do you think there is th
8、is similarity between Degree of Directness and Importance of Face?,Examples:,Situation:Teacher is regularly late to classLow Context/Direct Solution:High Context/Indirect Solution:,A Low Context/Direct Solution:The headmaster goes to talk to teacher to tell her she needs to come to class on time.,A
9、High Context/Indirect Solution:Headmaster goes to talk with teachers friend and asks about her health and happiness.Headmaster indicated that the teachers late arrival might have been a sign that something was wrong.The friend then simply indirectly conveyed the headmasters concern to the late teach
10、er,who was late no more.,Japanese Housewives,Mrs.A:Your daughter has started taking piano lessons hasnt she?I envy you,because you can be proud of her talent.You must be looking forward to her future as a pianist.Im really impressed by her enthusiasm-every day,she practices so hard,for hours and hou
11、rs,until late at night.,Japanese Housewives,Mrs.B:Oh,no,not at all.Shes just a beginner.We dont know her future yet.We hadnt realized that you could hear her playing.Im so sorry that you have been disturbed by her noise.Would you know that Mrs.A was complaining?,Korean Word-nunchi,Means being able t
12、o communicate with the eyes,Use of the words“I love you”,Look at the following dialogue,Which person/people in this dialogue would you guess is communicating using high context/indirect communication?Which person is using low context/direct communication?,Magda:I wonder where Hari is.Bob:Oh,I forgot
13、 to tell you.He called.Magda:He called?Bob:Yes.He said he was too busy to come today.Magda:But he always comes.And we have coffee together.Bob:I know.He said he was sorry and he would try to come next week.Magda:Id better go over there and talk to him.Bob:Id wait until next week if I were you.Hes re
14、ally busy.,Part III-Change these indirect sentences to direct.,2.This proposal deserves further consideration.We dont agree with certain parts of this proposal.This proposal needs more work.3.Your idea might work.I dont think this idea will work.We should come up with a better idea.4.We understand y
15、our proposal very well.We have some concerns about your proposal.We would like to discuss some changes to your proposal.,Part III-Change these indirect sentences to direct.,5.We will try our best.This will be difficult under the circumstances.This is not going to be easy.Im not optimistic about this.6.I heard another story about this project.I dont agree with everything you said.Thats not completely correct.7.Can we move on to the next topic?Lets discuss this later.Were not ready to talk about this now.We need to get some more information before we can talk about this.,
