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1、2023/2/3,1,Welcome,英语五种基本句型及巩固练习,2023/2/3,3,Tongue twister,I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish,but if you wish the wish the witch wishes,I wont wish the wish you wish to wish.,2023/2/3,4,Ill see to the restA guard was about to signal his train to start when he saw an attractive girl standing on
2、 the platform by an open door,talking to another pretty girl inside the carriage.Come on,miss!he shouted.Shut the door,please!,2023/2/3,5,Oh,I just want to kiss my sister goodbye,she called back.You just shut that door,please,called the guard,and Ill see to the rest.Note:Ill see to the rest.意思是“其余的事
3、由我负责”.相当于Ill handle the rest.,2023/2/3,6,2023/2/3,7,简单句的五种基本句型,1、主语+系动词+表语：2、主语+不及物动词：3、主语+及物动词+宾语：4、主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）：5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）：其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。,一主系表结构本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成，主要用以说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。系动词有:,1.表示特征和存在状态的 be,seem,feel,appear,look,smell,taste,sound;2.表示状态延续的 remain,s
4、tay,keep;3.表示状态变化的 become,get,turn,go,run,fall,come,1.Our English teacher is thirty years old.,2.The cake tastes delicious.,3.The potatoes went bad in the fields.,4.Their boss seems satisfied with the work.,5.Deep water stays still.,巩固练习：1冬季白天短，夜晚长2十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。3孩子们很少保持安静。,In winter,the days are s
5、hort and the nights are long.,At the age of fifteen,he became a famous pianist.,Children seldom keep quiet.,4树叶已经变黄了5这个报告听起来很有意思,The leaves have turned yellow.,The report sounds interesting,2023/2/3,12,二主谓结构 本结构是由主语+不及物动词构成,常用来表示主语的动作。主语可有修饰语-定语，谓语可有修饰语-状语。,The red sun rises in the east.2.They had t
6、o travel by air or boat.,3.She sat there alone,reading a novel.4.He came back when we were eating.5.Weak buildings will fall down in an earthquake,but strong ones may stay up.,巩固练习：,1在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大变化21919年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。,Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.,The
7、May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919.,3我的爷爷早晨起得很早。4.正在睡觉的婴儿笑了.,My grandfather gets up early in the morning.,The sleeping baby smiles.,三.主谓宾结构,1.Tom made a hole in the wall.2.I dont know if he can come tomorrow.3.They havent decided where to go next.4.She stopped teaching English two year
8、s ago.5.It took them ten years to build the dam.,本结构是由主语+及物动词+宾语构成。宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。,2023/2/3,17,1昨晚我写了一封信。2这本书他读过多次了。3他们成功地完成了计划。,巩固练习：,I wrote a letter last night.,He has read this book many times,They have carried out the plan successfully.,4那位先生能流利地说三种语言。5我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。6Jim 还不会自己穿衣服。,That ge
9、ntleman can speak three languages fluently.,I received a letter from my pen-friend in Australia.,Jim cannot dress himself,四.双宾语结构此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）”组成。如：He brings me good news every day.但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for。如：He brings good news to me every day.She made a beautiful dre
10、ss for me.用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。,巩固练习：1Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。2奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。3请把那本字典递给我好吗？4他把车票给列车员看。5我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？,1.Mr Johnson taught us German last year.2.Grandma told me an interesting story last night.3.Would you please pass me the dictionary?4.He showed the ticket to
11、the conductor.5.Shall I call you a taxi?,2023/2/3,22,五.复合宾语结构此结构由“主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”构成。若无宾语补足语，则句意不够完整。可以用做宾补的有：名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词等。如：The sun keeps us warm.I heard him singing.You must get your hair cut.They made Tom monitor.He used to do his homework with his radio on.,用 it 做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语
12、补足语的后面，以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的句型结构方式。即：主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语。如：I found it very pleasant to be with your family.,巩固练习：1我们叫她Alice.2我们大家都认为他是诚实的。3他们把小偷释放了。,We call her Alice.,All of us considered him honest.,They have set the thief free.,2023/2/3,25,4.我要你把真相告诉我。5.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。,I want you to tell me the truth.,E
13、very morning we hear him read English aloud.,六 There be 句型 此句型是由“there+be+主语+状语”构成，用以表达存在关系可以称“有”。此句型有时不用be动词，而用 live,stand,come,go,lie,remain,exist,arrive等。如：There stands a hill in the middle of the park.Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.,巩固练习：1.这个村子过去只有一口井。2.客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。,Th
14、ere was only a well in the village.,Among the guests there were two Americans and two Frenchmen.,2023/2/3,28,Exercises分析下列句子结构。Mary is a clever girl.My mother is more than forty this year.,主语,谓,表语,主语,谓,表语,状语,2023/2/3,29,The boy shouted loudly.They are playing happily in the park.,主语,谓语,状语,主,谓语,状语,地点状语,2023/2/3,30,Your friend comes to school very upset.You will give the bill to your friend to pay.,主语,谓语,宾语,主语补语,主语,谓语,直接宾语,间接宾语,目的状语,2023/2/3,31,写作练习：假设你叫李明，你的美国朋友布鲁斯开始学习中国文学，来信咨询鲁迅其人及作品。你回答介绍鲁迅，内容如下：鲁迅原名周树人，浙江绍兴人。为了国家，弃医从文。著名的作家，思想家，而且还是中国现代文学的开创者。小说被译成多种文字，并被制成电影，如阿正传，祝福这两部影片。一些作品,
