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1、选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversityCalifornia预习学案.Read the text carefully and do the following exercise1. Whats the topic of this text? A. the culture of California B. the history of California C. the climate of California D. the population of California2. No specific group is mentioned in _. A. NATIVE A
2、MERICANS B. GOLD MINERS C. THE FUTURE D. LATER ARRIVALS.True or False1. California is the largest state in the USA and has the largest population. 2. The native Americans are treated well after the arrival of Europeans. 3. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men. 4.
3、 In the early 1800s, Russian hunters began settling in California. 5. During Gold Rush Period, many achieved their dream of being rich. 6. It is believed that soon there will be only a mixture of many races and cultures. .Fill in the blanks and do some exerciseNative Americans1.Time: 2.What happened
4、 in the sixteenth century?were killed by Europeanswere forced into_ _ _ the diseases brought by Europeans _ the terrible timesThe Spanish16th century 18th century Spanish soldiers arrived and _ their landCalifornia was _ by Spainin 1846 in 1821Mexico gave California to the United StatesCalifornia be
5、camepart of MexicoInfluencetoday over 40% of Californians _ Spanish _ a first or second languageRussians & Gold Miners (Do some T or F questions)1.In the early 1800s, Russian hunters began settling in California.2.In 1848, before the American-Mexican war, gold was discovered in California. 3.There a
6、re about 25,000 Russian-Americans living in San Francisco.4.California become the thirty-first state of the United states of America in 1850.Some other peopleStagePeopleTimeEventLater arrivalsAfricans 1800sChinese 1860sItaliansLate 1800sDenmark 1911JewishBy 1920sJapaneseEarly 20thAfricans 1942 1945R
7、ecent arrivalsIndians Pakistanis 1970sCambodians Koreans Vietnamese RecentdecadesFuture Different parts of the world Future .找出以下句子并背诵。1.加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州,它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。2.这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。3.最早一批人具体是什么时候来到我们现在了解的加利福尼亚地区的，谁也说不清楚。4.两个世纪以后,西班牙人在南美洲的大部分地区定居下来,而且还在我们现在称之为美国的西北沿海地区住下来。5.但是更
8、大批量的中国移民却是在19世纪60年代为了修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。6.1911年,丹麦移民建立了自己的城镇, 至今仍然保留着丹麦文化。7.非洲人从19世纪就在加利福尼亚住下来，他们是从墨西哥向北迁来的。8.世界各地的人,由于受气候条件和生活方式的吸引,仍然在继续迁入加利福尼亚。9.人们认为,要不了多久,多种国籍的混合将会非常之大,以至于不可能存在一种主要的种族或文化群体,而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。选修 8 Unit 1 A land of diversity核心单词1. distinctionn. 差别；区分；卓著常用结构：make a distinction between 对
9、加以区分win a distinction for 因而获功勋without distinction 无差别地；一视同仁地联想拓展distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的be distinct in .from . 在某方面与不同（as）distinct from . 与不同（的）He has a distinct gift for drawing.他有很明显的绘画天赋。You should make your writing distinct. 你应该把字写清楚。 高手过招翻译句子 （原创）There is a distinct possibility that shell be
10、your teacher next term.Those two ideas are quite distinct from each other. 答案： 她下学期当你们老师的可能性非常大。那两种观点截然不同。2. meansn. 手段；方法（单数和复数形式相同）常用结构：by means of 用办法；借助by all means 一定，务必；好的，当然可以by no means 决不，一点也不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装）by every means 用尽一切可能的办法易混辨析 means/way/method means指“方法、方式、工具”，着重于具体的手段（单复数形式相同）。 wa
11、y指“一般的方法、方式或个人的特殊方法、方式”，与技巧或效果的好坏无关。 method指“有系统的、有效率的精心拟定的方法”，也可以指抽象概念“条理”。a way to do sth.a way of doing sth./a method of doing sth. 做的方法in this way/with the method/by this means 用这种些方法by the way 顺便问一下 on one s way to . 在去的路上in the way 挡住路温馨提示means作主语且有every, each等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some, several, many
12、, few等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。Radio and television are important means of communication. 无线电和电视是重要的通信手段。Please find an alternative means of transport.请另外找一种运输方式。Every means has been tried. 每种方法都试过了。All means have been tried. 所有方法都试过了。She could not speak, but made her wishes known by means of signs.她不会说话，但她用手势表
13、达了她的愿望。高手过招(1)单项填空 May I have a look at your book? . （201001江苏南京检测）A. By this means B. By all meansC. By this way D. By any means（2）翻译句子 （原创）这绝非解决问题的良计。他借助一根绳子慢慢地下来了。解析： (1) 选B。by all means意为“一定；当然可以”，符合句意。(2)This is by no means a good way to solve the problem.He let himself down slowly by means of
14、a rope. 3. majority n. 大多数；大半 A/The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health.大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。The majority was/were in favour of the proposal. 多数人赞成这个建议。常用结构：be in the/a majority 构成大部分/大多数a majority over sb. 超过对方的票数联想拓展major adj.&n. 较大的；主要的；主修，专攻minority adj.&n. 少数；少数民族；
15、未成年高手过招(1)单项填空Every means been tried and all well now.A. have; go B. has; goC. has; goes D. have; goes（2）完成句子 （原创）English speakers form the (大多数) of the population.(3)用适当的介词填空Among the members of the committee those who favour the changes are the majority. They had a large majority the other party a
16、t the last election. (4)用括号内所给词的适当形式填空The majority of people (prefer) peace to war.The majority of the damage (be) easy to repair.解析：(1) 选B。 考查means作主语时谓语动词的形式。means意为“方式，方法”，单复数形式相同，被every修饰时谓语动词用单数形式；被all修饰时谓语动词用复数形式。(2)Majority (3) in over(4) prefer/prefers is4. occur vi. 发生；存在；出现常用结构：occur to (主
17、意或想法突然)浮现于脑中;被想起，被想到it occurs to sb. to do sth. 使某人想到做某事it occurs to sb. that . 某人想到Just then an idea occurred to me. 就在那时我想起了一个主意。It suddenly occurred to me that I had left my umbrella upstairs.我突然想到我把伞忘在楼上了。易混辨析 happen/occur/take place happen是一般用语，尤其指偶然发生，表示“碰巧、恰好”的意思。 occur 文言意味较浓,常指某特定事物的发生，也可以表
18、示某种想法出现在人的头脑中。 take place 指事先计划或预料到的“发生”，此外还有“举行”的意思。New things are happening all around us.新事物在我们周围不断发生。The explosion occurred at 5:30 a.m. 爆炸发生在早上5点30分。When will the basketball game take place?篮球赛何时举行？ 高手过招单项填空It suddenly to the detective that the millionaire was probably murdered by his own daugh
19、ter. （201001安徽合肥检测）Happened B. occurred C. thought D. took place 解析：选B。由空格后的to可知，选B。occur to 一个想法突然呈现。 5. indicatevt. 指出；标示；表明；暗示I asked him where my sister was and he indicated the shop opposite.我问他我姐姐在哪，他指了指对面的商店。Research indicates that men find it easier to give up smoking than women.研究显示男人比女人更容易
20、戒烟。常用结构：indicate sth. (to sb.)向（某人）表示某事；把指给（某人）看indicate that .表示；示意联想拓展indication n. 指出；表明indicative adj.指示的；暗示的 高手过招完成句子 （原创）The government has (表明) that it intends to cut taxes.A flashing red light (标示) that a stretch of road was undergoing repairs.There is every (表明) of a change in the weather.答
21、案： indicated indicated indication重点短语6. live on 继续存在；继续生存She lived on for many years after her husband died.丈夫死后她继续活了许多年。联想拓展live on sth. 以某物为食；靠某种经济来源生活live by doing sth. 靠做某事为生live for sth. 以某事物为生活目标live through sth. 经历某事物而幸存live up to sth. 依照某事物行事；表现出符合某事物的标准live with sth. 接受或容忍某现象live to be. = l
22、ive to the age of. 活到岁live a. life 过着的生活 高手过招用live的相关短语填空 （原创）The lonely old man charity. Mozart was dead but his music .My grandfather both world wars.We should work hard and try to our parents expectations.The brave girl is learning to her disability. 答案： lives on lives on lived through live up to
23、 live with7. team up with（与某人）一起工作（尤指为共同目标）；与合作The two companies have teamed up to develop a new racing car.那两个公司已合作研制新型赛车。高手过招完成句子 （原创）He (与某人一起合作) his brother in the doubles. 答案： teamed/teams up with8. mark out划线；标出的界线They marked out the tennis court with white paint.他们用白漆标出了网球场的界线。 Some of the be
24、st pupils have been marked out for special training.已经选出几名出色的学生进行专门训练。联想拓展mark sb. out for sth. 选出/选定某人做某事mark down 写下，记下；降低的价格mark up 标出；提高的价格mark in 加画；绘入mark out for 看中；选定Just a moment. Let me mark down your name and address.等一下，让我把你的姓名和地址记下来。Some shops marked up the goods unfairly.有几家商店的货价提高得不合理
25、。He marked the book down to 49 cents.他把书的标价降为49分。 高手过招翻译句子 （原创）他被选定担当更高的职位。我把那一点记在我的笔记本上。答案：He was marked out for a higher position.I marked that down in my notebook.9. take in包括；吸收；接纳；欺骗The students find it easy to take in what you teach. 学生们发现你讲课很容易理解。 He had nowhere to sleep so we offered to take
26、 him in.他没地方可以睡觉，于是我们就提出让他留宿。 联想拓展take apart 拆开；剖析，抨击(论点等)take down 拿下，取下；拆卸；记下take back 取回，带回；收回说过的话；使回忆 起昔日take care of 照料；保管take up 开始从事；占用(时间或空间)；着手处理take medicine 服药take it easy 别紧张，慢慢来take over 继承；接收，接管take off 脱下(衣服等)；起飞take on 承担，从事；呈现take one s place 入座；代替某人的位置take one s time 不急，慢慢干 高手过招用ta
27、ke的相关短语填空 （原创）Don t be by his promises.Who do you think will now that the governor has been dismissed? These boxes of yours are too much space. I was really when seeing old photos. Dear ladies and gentlemen，please now .The opera is soon to begin.Tom carefully what the teacher said.答案： taken in take
28、over taking uptaken back take your placetook down重点句型10. Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. 最早一批人具体是在什么时候来到我们现在了解的加利福尼亚地区的，谁也说不清楚。what we now know as California是一个由what引导的名词性从句，作arrive in的宾语, what是复合关系代词，相当于the thing(s) that。因此，在名词性从句中可以用the
29、 thing(s) that取代的，只能用what。联想拓展名词性从句中what与that的区别：that在名词性从句中不作句子成分，what必须作句子成分。名词性从句中what与which的区别：指代前文已经提到过的对象或范围时，用which，否则用what。What he said sounds reasonable.他说的听起来有道理。(what作said的宾语)That our team has won the game has been proved.已经证实我们队赢得了比赛。(that在主语从句中不作句子成分)There are many books available. I do
30、n t know which to read.有许多书可供阅读，但我不知道读哪一本。(which指的是前文提到的books中的一本)What book do you want to buy?你想买哪种书？(没有提及买什么书或哪一类书)高手过招选词填空（that/what） （原创）This is he wanted.This is the thing he wanted.She is no longer she used to be.She is no longer the person she used to be.答案： what that what thatUnit 1 A land o
31、f diversity-Using language partLearning aims:1 .Grasp the main idea of the passage 2. Master some useful expression 3. Understand some long and difficult sentencesStep I Comprehension of the passage.一阅读课文，做课本第7页练习。Tips:图片1-6分别展示的是1 Angel Island, 2 Fishermans Wharf , 3 Chinatown , 4 blue and white ro
32、ad signs , 5 Golden Gate Bridge , 6 cable car二做步步高16页“走进课文”Step II Analysis the long and difficult sentences and try to translate it.1 Apparently he had been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in which a trams brakes failed, the conductor could not control the situation and the tram slipped dow
33、n the hill dragging the horses with it.句中未划线部分为句子主干，剩下部分为时间状语从句。实线部分为状语从句基本部分。a terrible accident是状语从句的宾语，其后的虚线部分为定语从句用来修饰a terrible accident。方框内部分是连接三个并列成分的标志，并列成分可为名词，代词，句子等。在此是表示三个句子并列（a trams brakes failed）。双划线部分是现在分词做状语修饰其前的句子。_2 This is the district where Italian fishermen first came to San Fr
34、ancisco in the late 19th century and began the fishing industry.非划线部分为句子主干，其后划线部分为修饰district 的定语从句。方框内部分为并列成分的标志，此处表示谓语came to和 began并列。_3. The fronts of the buildings are decorated to look like old buildings in southern China.非划线部分为句子主干，划线部分是做目的状语的不定式。_ 4 （）Saw some interesting temples here, a numb
35、er of markets and a great many restaurants.此句前的括号内省略主语we。方框内部分是连接三个并列成分的标志，此处是连接三个名词，做saw的宾语。_5 From 1882 to 1940 Angel Island was a famous immigration station where many Chinese people applied for right to live in USA非划线部分为句子主干，划线部分是修饰a famous immigration station 的定语从句。_6.They wrote poems on the wa
36、lls about their loneliness and mourned their former life in China.方框内部分为并列成分的标志，此处表示谓语wrote和mourned并列。Step III Language points一读背课后生词及下列语言点。Rather than 而不是Feel like doing sth 想要做某事Take in 包括，包含，欺骗Apply to sb for sth 向某人申请读背步步高18页6 a great many 的归纳拓展部分Step IV Exercises1. Multiple choices(B )1. - What
37、 do you think of Harry, our new roommate? - I am not sure, but he is always asking _ questions. A. a great many of B. a great many C. a great number D. a large amount of (D ) 2. It is _that he has been addicted to the drugs and has difficulty quitting it.A. obviously B. apparently C. possibly D. lik
38、ely ( D )3. Many students listened to the lecture, but I wondered how much they _. A. took out B. took up C. took off D. took in ( A)4.Some false advertisements are taking the countryside women as their targets, because they are easy to_.A. take in B. take on C. take over D. take for步步高18页牛刀小试所有单选，课时作业第7页1,4,5,6及单元进阶单选35题。2.Fill in the blanks.1) It is _ (显然)that he is not interested in this newly designed project.2) You have to have your _ (行李)checked before boarding.3) 汤姆觉得把工作和乐趣结合起来不容易.没Its not easy to _ work _ pleasure. 4）他们在草坪上划了个网球
