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1、Relay protection development present situationInstitution:Tianjin Electric Power Association Abstract reviewed our country electrical power system relay protection technological development process, has outlined the microcomputer relay protection technology achievement, proposed the future relay pro
2、tection technological development tendency will be: Computerizes, networked, protects, the control, the survey, the data communication integration and the artificial intellectualization. Key word relay protection present situation development，relay protections future development1 relay protection de
3、velopment present situationThe electrical power system rapid development to the relay protection proposed unceasingly the new request, the electronic technology, computer technology and the communication rapid development unceasingly has poured into the new vigor for the relay protection technology
4、development, therefore, the relay protection technology is advantageous, has completed the development 4 historical stage in more than 40 years time.After the founding of the nation, our country relay protection discipline, the relay protection design, the relay manufacture industry and the relay pr
5、otection technical team grows out of nothing, has passed through the path in about 10 years which advanced countries half century passes through. The 50s, our country engineers and technicians creatively absorption, the digestion, have grasped the overseas advanced relay protection equipment perform
6、ance and the movement technology , completed to have the deep relay protection theory attainments and the rich movement experience relay protection technical team, and grew the instruction function to the national relay protection technical teams establishment. The acheng relay factory introduction
7、has digested at that time the overseas advanced relay manufacture technology, has established our country relay manufacturing industry. Thus our country has completed the relay protection research, the design, the manufacture, the movement and the teaching complete system in the 60s. This is a time
8、which the mechanical and electrical relay protection prospers, was our country relay protection technology development has laid the solid foundation.From the end of the 50s, the transistor relay protection was starting to study. In the 60s to the 80s in are the times which the transistor relay prote
9、ction vigorous development and widely uses. Tianjin University and the Nanjing electric power automation plant cooperation research 500kv transistor direction high frequency protection the transistor high frequency block system which develops with the Nanjing electric power automation research insti
10、tute is away from the protection, moves on the Gezhou Dam 500 kv line , finished the 500kv line protection to depend upon completely from the overseas import time.From the 70s, started based on the integration operational amplifier integrated circuit protection to study. Has formed the complete seri
11、es to at the end of 80s integrated circuit protection,substitutes for the transistor protection gradually. The development, the production, the application the integrated circuit protects which to the beginning of the 90s still were in the dominant position, this was the integrated circuit protectio
12、n time. The integrated electricity road work frequency conversion quantity direction develops which in this aspect Nanjing electric power automation research institute high frequency protected the vital role , the Tianjin University and the Nanjing electric power automation plant cooperation develop
13、ment integrated circuit phase voltage compensated the type direction high frequency protection also moves in multi- strip 220kv and on the 500kv line.Our country namely started the computer relay protection research from the end of the 70s , the institutions of higher learning and the scientific res
14、earch courtyard institute forerunners function. Huazhong University of Science and Technology, southeast the university, the North China electric power institute, the Xian Jiaotong University, the Tianjin University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, the Chongqing University and the Nanjing electric pow
15、er automation research institute one after another has all developed the different principle, the different pattern microcomputer protective device. In 1984 the original North China electric power institute developed the transmission line microcomputer protective device first through the appraisal,
16、and in the system the find application, had opened in our country relay protection history the new page, protected the promotion for the microcomputer to pave the way. In the host equipment protection aspect, the generator which southeast the university and Huazhong University of Science and Technol
17、ogy develops loses magnetism protection, the generator protection and the generator?Bank of transformers protection also one after another in 1989, in 1994 through appraisal, investment movement. The Nanjing electric power automation research institute develops microcomputer line protective device a
18、lso in 1991 through appraisal. The Tianjin University and the Nanjing electric power automation plant cooperation development microcomputer phase voltage compensated the type direction high frequency protection, the Xian Jiaotong University and the Xu Chang relay factory cooperation development posi
19、tive sequence breakdown component direction high frequency protection also one after another in 1993, in 1996 through the appraisal. Heres, the different principle, the different type microcomputer line and the host equipment protect unique, provided one batch of new generation of performance for th
20、e electrical power system fine, the function has been complete, the work reliable relay protection installment. Along with the microcomputer protective device research, in microcomputer aspect and so on protection software, algorithm has also yielded the very many theories result. May say started ou
21、r country relay protection technology from the 90s to enter the time which the microcomputer protected.2 relay protections future developmentThe relay protection technology future the tendency will be to computerizes, networked, the intellectualization, will protect, the control, the survey and the
22、data communication integration development.2.1 computerizes Along with the computer hardware swift and violent development, the microcomputer protection hardware also unceasingly is developing. The original North China electric power institute develops the microcomputer line protection hardware has
23、experienced 3 development phases: Is published from 8 lists cpu structure microcomputer protection, does not develop to 5 years time to the multi- cpu structure, latter developed to the main line does not leave the module the big modular structure, the performance enhances greatly, obtained the wide
24、spread application. Huazhong University of Science and Technology develops the microcomputer protection also is from 8 cpu, develops to take the labor controlling machine core partially as the foundation 32 microcomputers protection.The Nanjing electric power automation research institute from the v
25、ery beginning has developed 16 cpu is the foundation microcomputer line protection, obtained the big area promotion, at present also is studying 32 protections hardware system. Southeast the university develops the microcomputer host equipment protects the hardware also passed through improved and t
26、he enhancement many times. The Tianjin University from the very beginning is the development take more than 16 cpu as the foundation microcomputer line protection, in 1988 namely started to study take 32 digital signals processor (dsp) as the foundation protection, the control, the survey integratio
27、n microcomputer installment, at present cooperated with the Zhuhai Jin automatic equipment company develops one kind of function complete 32 big modules, a module was a minicomputer. Uses 32 microcomputers chips only to focus by no means on the precision, because of the precision the a/d switch reso
28、lution limit, is surpassed time 16 all is accepts with difficulty in the conversion rate and the cost aspect; 32 microcomputers chips have the very high integration rate more importantly, very high operating frequency and computation speed, very big addressing space, rich command system and many inp
29、uts outlet. The cpu register, the data bus, the address bus all are 32, has the memory management function, the memory protection function and the duty transformation function, and (cache) and the floating number part all integrates the high speed buffer in cpu.The electrical power system the reques
30、t which protects to the microcomputer enhances unceasingly, besides protection basic function, but also should have the large capacity breakdown information and the data long-term storage space, the fast data processing function, the formidable traffic capacity, with other protections, the control d
31、evice and dispatches the networking by to share the entire system data, the information and the network resources ability, the higher order language programming and so on. This requests the microcomputer protective device to have is equal to a pc machine function. In the computer protection developm
32、ent initial period, once conceived has made the relay protection installment with a minicomputer. At that time because the small machine volume big, the cost high, the reliability was bad, this tentative plan was not realistic. Now, with the microcomputer protective device size similar labor control
33、ling machine function, the speed, the storage capacity greatly has surpassed the same year small machine, therefore, made the relay protection with complete set labor controlling machine the opportunity already to be mature, this will be one of development directions which the microcomputer protecte
34、d. The Tianjin University has developed the relay protection installment which Cheng Yongtong microcomputer protective device structure quite same not less than one kind of labor controlling machine performs to change artificially becomes. This kind of equipment merit includes: has the 486pc machine
35、 complete function, can satisfy each kind of function request which will protect to current and the future microcomputer. size and structure and present microcomputer protective device similar, the craft excellent, quakeproof, guards against has been hot, guards against electronmagetic interference
36、ability, may move in the very severe working conditions, the cost may accept. uses the std main line or the pc main line, the hardware modulation, may select the different module wilfully regarding the different protection, the disposition nimble, is easy to expand.Relay protection installment , com
37、puterizes is the irreversible development tendency. How but to satisfies the electrical power system request well, how further enhances the relay protection the reliability, how obtains the bigger economic efficiency and the social efficiency, still must conduct specifically the thorough research. 2
38、.2 networkedThe computer network has become the information age as the information and the data communication tool the technical prop, caused the human production and the social life appearance has had the radical change. It profoundly is affecting each industry domain, also has provided the powerfu
39、l means of communication for each industry domain. So far, besides the differential motion protection and the vertical association protection, all relay protections installment all only can respond the protection installment place electricity spirit. The relay protection function also only is restri
40、cted in the excision breakdown part, reduces the accident to affect the scope. This mainly is because lacks the powerful data communication method. Overseas already had proposed the system protection concept, this in mainly referred to the safe automatic device at that time. Because the relay protec
41、tion function not only is restricted in the excision breakdown part and the limit accident affects the scope (this is most important task), but also must guarantee the entire system the security stable movement. This requests each protection unit all to be able to share the entire system the movemen
42、t and the breakdown information data, each protection unit and the superposition brake gear in analyze these information and in the data foundation the synchronized action, guarantees the system the security stable movement. Obviously, realizes this kind of system protection basic condition is joins
43、 the entire system each main equipment protective device with the computer network, that is realization microcomputer protective device networked. This under the current engineering factor is completely possible.Regarding the general non- system protection, the realization protective device computer
44、 networking also has the very big advantage. The relay protection equipment can obtain system failure information more, then to the breakdown nature, the breakdown position judgment and the breakdown distance examination is more accurate. Passed through the very long time to the auto-adapted protect
45、ion principle research, also has yielded the certain result, but must realize truly protects to the system movement way and the malfunction auto-adapted, must obtain the more systems movement and the breakdown information, only then realization protection computer networked, can achieve this point.R
46、egarding certain protective device realization computer networkings, also can enhance the protection the reliability. The Tianjin University in 1993 proposed in view of the future Three Gorges hydroelectric power station 500kv ultrahigh voltage multi- return routes generatrix one kind of distributio
47、nal generatrix protection principle, developed successfully this kind of equipment initially. Its principle is disperses the traditional central generatrix protection certain (with to protect generatrix to return way to be same) the generatrix protection unit, the dispersible attire is located in on
48、 various return routes protection screen, each protection unit joins with the computer network, each protection unit only inputs this return route the amperage, after transforms it the digital quantity, transmits through the computer network for other all return routes protection unit, each protecti
49、on unit acts according to this return route the amperage and other all return routes amperage which obtains from the computer network, carries on the generatrix differential motion protection the computation, if the computed result proof is the generatrix interior breakdown then only jumps the book size return route circuit breaker, Breakdown generatrix isolation. When generatrix area breakdown, each protection unit all calculates for exterior breakdown does not act. This kind the distributional generatrix protection principle which realizes
