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1、英语灾难性新闻的用词特点张楚楚 郑佩佩 廖晨龙 指导教师：温秀颖、回春萍1.为提高新闻的准确性,英语灾难性新闻中常在具体数字前加上about, relatively, more than等词,以避免绝对化的表述。e.g. (1) ground-water provides about 75%of public water supply in south east England and about 30% in England and Wales as a whole. (extracted from South East of England faces its second year of
2、 drought ,(BBC)(2) For more than five months, the lake that provides drinking water to almost five mllion people here has been drawing away in a withering drought.2.英语灾难性新闻中常选取具有典型意义的、具体的事例来表现灾难的严重程度。而描述这些具体事例的词语具有形象性的特点。eg.(1)temperatures shot to all-time highs, leaving vast swathes of parched coun
3、tryside at the mercy of fires prapelled by powerful winds. (extracted from America suffers persistent drought, BBC) (2)Many (people) remained camped out on the rooftops or upper floors of their flooded homes to guard their possessioms from looters, but their resolve was waning. (extracted from Mexic
4、an flood victims scramble for aid, China Daily)3.英语灾难性新闻中为表达灾难的严重程度，还常常将此次灾难与以前发生过的某次灾难进行比较。此时用词中常使用比较级或最高级。eg.(1)The sizzling weather and drought palaying Southwest China worsened with the highest temperature in the worst-hit Chongqing Municipality reaching a record high of 44.5 degrees Celsius on
5、Wednesday. (extracted from Mercury in drought-hit Chongqing hits 44.5 degrees Celsius, Shenzhen Daily)4.为提高新闻的真实性，英语灾难性新闻中，常引用政要、救援人员、受害者、专家等的原话。eg.(1)John Howard saidifit doesnt rain soon, irrigation will be cut to the nations food bow(extracted from Drought in Australia, BBC)(2)The right here is g
6、oing to be a zero, Mr. Bragg said ,pushing the puny away. This is what we call a weed. The field of muted green will be a loss. (extracted from Drought Saps the Southeast, and Its Farmers, Newstime)5. 英语灾难性新闻中，在表达死亡或受灾人数时，通常不直接用“die”等词，而是用较委婉的方式来表达。eg.(1)Authorities said two more bodies were found S
7、unday in the brackish waters covering much of the region. (extracted from Mexican flood victims scramble for aid,China Daily)类似的表达还有：“Days of torrential rain killed 66 people, Floods forced the evacuation of about 591,000 people, Nearly 9 million people have been affected等。附： 1.英语灾难性新闻的一般行文结构： （1）灾难
8、发生的时间、地点、原因。 （2）灾难的严重程度，包括灾难所造成的死伤、破坏、经济损失等。 （3）政府及社会各界的救援、重建措施。2.英语灾难性新闻中的高频词汇：estimate, expect, evaluate.shelter, victim. evacuation. rescue, referee, suffer, struggle, cope with, handle, survivor, casualty. damage, disaster, devastate, destroy.a record high ,ultra-low/high, unprecedent. prolonged, consistent, a succession of.revenue, emergency loans, relief.
