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1、,Forty-Three Seconds over Hiroshima,Like the other skills for your use,the skill introduced in this unit does render you better able in reading.,This practice is designed to help you get a deeper insight into the skill for this unit.,Reading Skills,Denotation(本义)and Connotation(言外之意),Both denotation
2、 and connotation refer to the meanings of words.Denotation is the literal meaning of a wordwhat we find in a dictionary.Connotation,on the other hand,is the implied meaning of a wordwhat a word suggests to us,or what it makes us feel or think.The word“die”,for example,means“stop living”in denotation
3、.But in the,随 笔,阅读实践,sentence“Some die at 30 but are not buried until theyre 70”,the word“die”connotes“stop living spiritually”or“stop growing intellectually”.In Unit 5 Book 2,we talked about understanding figurative language.In order to fully understand figurative language,or figures of speech,we n
4、eed to be aware of the context in which the words appear.,随 笔,阅读实践,Generally speaking,the more we perceive the connotations of the words,the more we can understand how a writer wants us to feel or think.Look at the following sentences taken from Passage A,paying close attention to the underlined wor
5、ds.These words all have clear denotations,but each has a number of connotations.Given after each sentence are the denotation of the underlined word and its connotations.,随 笔,阅读实践,Night after night,in the hot summer and early fall of 1940,a deep,steady voice came over the Atlantic Ocean from England
6、to America,telling of Englands battle for survival under the waves of German bombers.(Para.1),Example 1,随 笔,阅读实践,Denotation:_ Connotation:_,Explanation,a line of water that rises up on the surface of the sea,lake,river,etc.,a quick succession of a certain intense activity(It has a rough,stormy,and u
7、npleasant sense.),wave:,随 笔,阅读实践,Example 2,On September 7,1940,nearly four hundred German bombers hammered the city with bombs in broad daylight.(Para.6),随 笔,阅读实践,Denotation:_ Connotation:_,Explanation,hammer:,strike or beat as with the repeated blows,or the force of a hammer,attack with great force
8、(It also has a sense of forcefulness and heavy casualty.),随 笔,阅读实践,阅读技巧,Directions:Read the following sentences taken from Passage B,paying close attention to the underlined words,each of which has a number of connotations.Write the denotation of the word and its connotation in the context.,随 笔,1.A
9、white dot appeared in the sky,as small and innocent-looking as a slip of paper.It was falling away from the plane,drifting down toward them.(Para.2)Denotation:_Connotation:_,move slowly on water or in the air,It has a sense of falling in a casual and aimless manner.Used in this context,this verb str
10、esses the shocking consequence that this innocent-looking white dot was to cause.,阅读技巧,随 笔,2.Kaz was flung to the ground so violently that her two front teeth broke off;she had sunk into unconsciousness.(Para.3)Denotation:_ Connotation:_,go down below the surface of water,gradually get into a worse
11、state(It has a sense of helplessness.),阅读技巧,随 笔,3.What had been a luxury home in that sector of the city came thundering down.(Para.3)Denotation:_ Connotation:_.,make a loud noise like a thunder,This verb implies a sense of overpowering or overwhelming under the attack of the nuclear bomb,阅读技巧,随 笔,4
12、.What remained of the life he had made was blown to bits,though his home was more than a mile from ground zero.(Para.6)Denotation:_ Connotation:_.,destroy or ruin,The verb implies that life is of complete powerlessness and insignificance in face of such massive destruction,阅读技巧,随 笔,5.For a moment,he
13、 stood swaying at the ruins of the gate.Kaz stared at him.(Para.7)Denotation:_ Connotation:_.,move slowly from side to side or backwards and forwards,The verb implies that the man was made extremely sick and weak as a result of excess exposure to burning and radiation,阅读技巧,随 笔,6.Her gums and her bow
14、els were bleeding.She looked like a ghost.(Para.9)Denotation:_ Connotation:_.,the soul of a dead person,It implies that the person is extremely weakened.It has a sense of horror and misery,阅读技巧,随 笔,New Words,1,Questions Previewing,2,Text Reading,3,Choice Making,4,Text B,随 笔,问题预览,课文阅读,New Words,阅读理解,
15、New Words,随 笔,问题预览,课文阅读,阅读理解,New Words,随 笔,问题预览,课文阅读,阅读理解,New Words,随 笔,问题预览,课文阅读,阅读理解,New Words,随 笔,问题预览,课文阅读,阅读理解,New Words,随 笔,问题预览,课文阅读,阅读理解,生词学习,Questions Previewing,Introduction:For you to be better conditioned for reading as fast as 100 words per minute,as required in the new type of examinat
16、ion“Fast Reading”,Text B can serve to be your fast-reading material.But,for this purpose,the best course of action is to know what to scan for in your skimming.Thus,the trick is to keep in your mind the key words of each question before you start off.That is where the“Question Previewing”comes in.,随
17、 笔,课文阅读,阅读理解,Questions Previewing,1.It took a long time for the atomic bomb to fall down and explode.2.Japanese people hadnt expected such a disaster until it really happened.3.Kaz was born in America and brought back to Japan by her father.4.Kazs father moved to America with his family in the early
18、 1920s because they couldnt make a living in Japan.,生词学习,随 笔,课文阅读,阅读理解,Questions Previewing,5.Life in Kazs family was a little different from that in most other Japanese families because it was flavored with American ways of life.6.Kaz became very ill because she was seriously burned.7.Kazs father a
19、nd brother died not long after the blast.8.Fortunately,Kazs disease was cured finally.,生词学习,随 笔,课文阅读,阅读理解,问题预览,Forty-Three Seconds over Hiroshima,Para.1 On a brilliant summers morning in 1945,Kaz Tanaka looked up into the sky over Hiroshima and saw the beginning of the end of her world.She was 18.,C
20、hinese,生词学习,随 笔,阅读理解,Para.2 A white dotappeared in the sky,assmall and innocent-looking as a slip of paper.It was fallingaway from the plane,drifting down toward them.The journey took a mere 43 seconds.,Chinese,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,阅读理解,Statement 1,Para.3a The air exploded inblinding lightning and color,th
21、e rays shooting outward as in a childs drawing of the sun,and Kaz was flung to the groundso violently that her two front teeth broke off;she had sunk into unconsciousness.Kazs father had been out back weeding the vegetables in his underclothes.,Chinese,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,阅读理解,Statement 2,Para.3b When he
22、came staggering out of the garden,blood was running from his nose and mouth.By the next day the exposed parts of his body had turned a chocolate brown.What had been a luxury home in that sector of the city came thundering down.,Chinese,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,阅读理解,Para.4a That life had been a comfortable one,
23、wanting in nothingat least,not until the war.Kazs father had been born to a family of some wealth and social position in Hiroshima,and had emigrated to America in the early 1920s in the spirit of adventure,not of need or flight;he never intended to stay.,Chinese,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,阅读理解,Statement 4,Para.4
24、b He moved back to Hiroshima at 40;it was expected of him as the sole male heir to their name.But he brought his American baby girl with him,and a lifestyle flavored with American ways.,Chinese,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,阅读理解,Statement 3,Statement 5,Para.5a The house he built was a roomy one.There was a courtyar
25、d in front of the place and two gardens in back,one to provide vegetables,one to delight the eye in the formal Japanese layout.One of the two living rooms was American,with easy chairs instead of mats or tatami,and so were the kitchen and bathroom.,Chinese,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,阅读理解,Statement 5,Para.5b Dinn
26、er was Japanese,with the family sitting on the floor in the traditional way.Breakfast was American,pancakes or bacon or ham and eggs,takenat the kitchen table.,Chinese,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,阅读理解,Para.6 What remained of the life he had made was blown to bits,though his home was more than a mile from ground z
27、ero.He was working on the side facing zero,and had the front of his body and limbs burned.His flesh,when Kaz touched him,had the soft feel of a boiled tomato.,Chinese,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,阅读理解,Statement 6,Para.7a Kaz was anxiously waiting for the return of another member of her family when a tall chap appe
28、ared where the gate had been.“Hes back!”she shouted;her brother,at six feet tall,towered over most Japanese men,and she knew at a glimpse that it was him.But when she drew closer,she could barely recognize him through his wounds.,Chinese,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,阅读理解,Para.7b His school had fallen down around h
29、im.He had struggled to a medical station.They had splashed some medicine on the wounds,tied them with a bandage and sent him on his way.For a moment,he stood swaying at the ruins of the gate.Kaz stared at him.,Chinese,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,阅读理解,Para.8a Later,when night fell,Kaz and her brother made for the
30、mountains;a friend from Kazs factory lived in a village on the slope of a hill behind the city and had offered to take them in.It was midnight by the time they found her place.Kaz looked back.The city was on fire.She felt uneasy,seized with fear,not for herself but for her parents.,Chinese,问题预览,生词学习
31、,随 笔,阅读理解,Statement 7,Para.8b She left her brother behind,and dashed down the slope of the hill toward the flames.The streets were filled with the dead and barely living.She kept on running,knowing only that she had to be home.,Chinese,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,阅读理解,Statement 7,Para.9a Kazs family had been luck
32、ier than most.Her father with his burns had to lie outdoors on a tatami,but her brothers wounds refused to heal.As the others were recovering,Kaz fell ill with all the symptoms of radiation sickness.The disease was a frightening result of the atomic bomb.,Chinese,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,阅读理解,Statement 7,Para.
33、9b Scientists in Los Alamos were surprised by its extent;they thought the blast would do most of the killing.Kaz felt as if she were dying.She ran a fever.She felt sick and dizzy,almost drunk.Her gums and her bowels were bleeding.She looked like a ghost.“Im next,”she thought realistically;,Chinese,问
34、题预览,生词学习,随 笔,阅读理解,Chinese,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,阅读理解,Para.10 The illness had not really left her;it had gone into hiding,instead,and the physical and mental after-effects of that historical August 6,1945,would trouble Kaz all the rest of her life.,Chinese,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,阅读理解,Statement 8,Directions:Decide whe
35、ther the following statements are true(T)or false(F)according to the text.()1.It took a long time for the atomic bomb to fall down and explode.,F,课文阅读,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,Refer to Para.2,()2.Japanese people hadnt expected such a disaster until it really happened.,T,课文阅读,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,()3.Kaz was born in A
36、merica and brought back to Japan by her father.,T,Refer to Para.3,Refer to Para.4b,()4.Kazs father moved to America with his family in the early 1920s because they couldnt make a living in Japan.()5.Life in Kazs family was a little different from that in most other Japanese families because it was f
37、lavored with American ways of life.,F,T,课文阅读,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,Refer to Para.4a,Refer to Para.4b&5a,()6.Kaz became very ill because she was seriously burned.()7.Kazs father and brother died not long after the blast.()8.Fortunately,Kazs disease was cured finally.,F,F,F,课文阅读,问题预览,生词学习,随 笔,Refer to Para.6,
38、Refer to Para.8&9,Refer to Para.10,Directions:In this section,you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B
39、),C)and D).,Test Yourself,Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank above the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.,Listening Comprehension,Reading in D
40、epth,Qs 1 to 3 are based on the passage you are going to hear.,1.Synthetic fuel.Solar energy.Alcohol.Electricity.,Q.,What will be used to power cars in the next few decades?,Script,阅读理解,随 笔,2.A)Air traffic conditions.B)Traffic jams on highways.C)Road conditions.D)New traffic rules.,Q.,What will futu
41、re news reports focus on when talking about transportation?,阅读理解,随 笔,Script,Q.,What will passengers be asked to do when they travel to the moon?,阅读理解,随 笔,3.A)Go through a health check.B)Carry little luggage.C)Arrive early for boarding.D)Undergo security checks.,Script,Qs 4 to 7 are based on the pass
42、age you are going to hear.,4.A)In a fast-food restaurant.B)At a shopping center.C)At a county fair.D)In a bakery.,Q.,Where is pie-eating contest usually held?,阅读理解,随 笔,Script,5.A)Avoid eating any food.B)Prepare the right type of pie to eat.C)Wash his hands thoroughly.D)Practice eating a pie quickly.
43、,Q.,What should a person do before entering a pie-eating contest?,Script,阅读理解,随 笔,6.A)On the table.B)Behind his back.C)Under his bottom.D)On his lap.,Q.,Where is person advised to put his hands during the contest?,阅读理解,随 笔,Script,7.A)Looking sideways to see how fast your neighbor eats.B)Eating from
44、the outside toward the middle.C)Swallowing the pie with water.D)Holding the pie in the right position.,Q.,What suggestion is offered for eating up the pie quickly?,阅读理解,随 笔,Script,8.A)Beauty.B)Loyalty.C)Luck.D)Durability.,Q.,What was the diamond ring said to represent?,Qs 8 to 10 are based on the pa
45、ssage you are going to hear.,Script,阅读理解,随 笔,9.A)He wanted to follow the tradition of his country.B)He believed that it symbolized an everlasting marriage.C)It was thought a blood vessel in that finger led directly to the heart.D)It was supposed that the diamond on that finger would bring good luck.
46、,阅读理解,随 笔,Q.,Refer to the script of the question.,Script,10.A)The two people can learn about each others likes and dislikes.B)The two people can have time to decide if they are a good match.C)The two people can have time to shop for their new home.D)The two people can earn enough money for their wed
47、ding.,阅读理解,随 笔,Q.,Refer to the script of the question.,Script,Most people would agree that,although our age exceeds all previous ages in knowledge,there has been no 1 _ increase in wisdom.But agreement 2 _ as soon as we attempt to define wisdom and consider means of promoting it.,corresponding,cease
48、s,短文听力,随 笔,There are several factors that 3 _ to wisdom.Of these I should put first a sense of proportion:the capacity to take account of all the important factors in a problem and to attach to each its due weight.This has become more difficult than it used to be owing to the extent and 4 _ of the s
49、pecial knowledge,contribute,complexity,短文听力,随 笔,5 _ of various kinds of technicians.Suppose,for example,that you are engaged in research in scientific medicine.The work is difficult and is likely to absorb the whole of your mind.You have no time to consider the effect which your discoveries or 6 _ m
50、ay have outside the field of medicine.You succeed,inventions,required,短文听力,随 笔,(let us say)as modern medicine has succeeded,in 7 _ lowering the infant death-rate,not only in Europe and America,but also in Asia and Africa.This has the entirely unintended result of making the food supply 8 _ and lower
