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1、*英语词汇学试题Introduction and Chapter 1 Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabulary（练习1）IEach of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1. Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily t
2、hrough the use of _construct.A. word B. form C. morpheme D. root 2._ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words.A. Semantics B. Linguistics C. Etymology D. Stylistics3.Modern English is derived from the language of early _ tribes.A. Greek B. Roman
3、 C. Italian D. Germanic4. Semantics is the study of meaning of different _ levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc.A. linguistic B. grammatical C. arbitrary D. semantic5.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the users choices of linguistic elements in a particular_ for spe
4、cial effectsA. situation B. context C. time D. place6.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _ difference.A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic7. Terminology consists of _ terms used in particular disci
5、plines and academic areas.A. technical B. artistic C. different D. academic8. _refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves.A. Slang B. Jargon C. Dialectal words D. Argot 9 ._ belongs to the sub-standard la
6、nguage, a category that seems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group words. A. Jargon B. Argot C. Dialectal words D. Slang10. Argot generally refers to the jargon of _.Its use is confined to the sub-cultural groups and outsiders can har
7、dly understand it. A. workers B. criminals C. any person D. policeman11._ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question. A. Argot B. Slang C. Jargon D. Dialectal words12. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in _use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use. A. co
8、mmon B. little C. slight D. great13. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on _meanings.A. new B. old C. bad D. good14. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_ words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals. A. functional B.
9、 notional C. empty D. formal15. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore, they are also called _words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category.A. content B. notional C. empty D. new II. Complete the following statements with proper words or ex
10、pressions according to the course book.16.Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and _of words.17.English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the _ structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantics, relations, _development, formation and _.18. Eng
11、lish lexicology embraces other academic disciplines, such as morphology, _,etymology, stylistics, _.19. There are generally two approaches to the study of words , namely synchronic and _.20. Language study involves the study of speech sounds, grammar and_.III. Match the words or expressions in Colum
12、n A with those in Column B according to 1) basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary 2) content words and functional words 3) native words and borrowed words 4)characteristics of the basic word stock.A B21 . Stability ( ) A. E-mail22. Collocbility( ) B. aught23. Jargon( ) C. por24. Argot ( ) D. upon2
13、5.Notional words( ) E. hypo26. Neologisms ( ) F. at heart27. Aliens ( ) G. man28. Semantic-loans( ) H. dip29. Archaisms ( ) I. fresh30. Empty words ( ) J. emirIV. Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) characteristics of the basic word stock 2) types of nonbasic vocabulary.31. dog
14、cheap ( ) 32 a change of heart ( )33. can-opener ( ) 34.Roger ( )35. bottom line ( ) 36.penicillin ( )37. auld ( ) 38. futurology ( )39.brethren ( ) 40. take ( ) V. Define the following terms.41. word 42. Denizens 43. Aliens 44. Translation-loans 45. Semantic-loansVI. Answer the following Questions
15、46.Illustrate the relationship between sound and meaning, sound and form with examples.47. What are the main characteristics of the basic word-stock? Illustrate your points with examples.48. Give the types of nonbasic vocabulary with examples.VII. Analyze and comment on the following. 49. Classify t
16、he following words and point out the types of words according to notion.earth, cloud, run, walk, on, of, upon, be, frequently , the, five, but, a , never.50. Group the following borrowed words into Denizens, Aliens, Translation-loans, Semantic-loans.Dream, pioneer, kowtow, bazaar, lama, master-piece
17、, port, shirt Key to Exercises:I. 1. A2.C3.D4.A5.B6.D7.A8.B9.D10.B11.D12.A13.A14.B15.CII. 16.meanings17.morphological, historical, usages 18. semantics, lexicography19.diachronic20. vocabularyIII. 21. G 22. F23. E24. H25. C26. A27. J28.I29.B30.DIV. 31. the basic word stock; productivity32. the basic
18、 word stock; collocability33.the basic word stock; argot34.nonbasic word stock; slang35. nonbasic word stock; jargon36. nonbasic word stock ;terminology37.nonbasic word stock; dialectal words38. nonbasic word stock ,neologisms39. nonbasic word stock; archaisms40. the basic word stock; polysemyV-VI.
19、(see the course book)VII. 49. Content words: earth, clould, run, walk, frequently, never, fiveFunctional words: on, of, upon, be, the, but, a.50. Denizens: port, shirt, Aliens: bazaar, kowtow Translation-loans: lama, masterpieceSemantic-loans:dream, pioneerChapter 2 The Development of the English Vo
20、cabulary and Chapter 3 Word Formation I(练习2)I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1. It is assumed that the world has approximately 3,000( some put it 5,000)languages, which can be grouped into the basis of simi
21、larities in their basic word stock and grammar.A. 500 B. 4000 C. 300 D. 20002. The prehistoric Indo-European parent language is thought to be a highly _language.A. inflected B. derived C. developed D. analyzed3. After the _, the Germanic tribes called Angles ,Saxons, and Jutes came in great numbers.
22、A. Greeks B. Indians C. Romans D. French4. The introduction of _had a great impact on the English vocabulary.A. Hinduism B. Christianity C. Buddhism D. Islamism5. In the 9th century the land was invaded again by Norwegian and Danish Vikings. With the invaders, many _words came into the English langu
23、age. A. Greek B. Roman C. Celtic D. Scandinavian6. It is estimated that at least _ words of Scandinavian origin have survived in modern English. A. 500 B. 800 C. 1000 .D. 9007. The Normans invaded England from France in 1066. The Norman Conquest started a continual flow of _ words into English.A. Fr
24、ench B. Greek C. Roman D. Latin8. By the end of the _century , English gradually came back into the schools, the law courts, and government and regained social status.A. 12th B. 13th C. 14th D.15th9. As a result , Celtic made only a _contribution to the English vocabulary.A. small B. big C. great D.
25、 smaller10. The Balto-Slavic comprises such modern languages as Prussian, Lithuanian, Polish, Czech, Bulgarian, Slovenian and _. A. Greek B. Roman C. Indian D. Russian11. In the Indo-Iranian we have Persian , Bengali, Hindi, Romany, the last three of which are derived from the dead language.A. Sansk
26、rit B. Latin C. Roman D. Greek12. Greek is the modern language derived from _.A. Latin B. Hellenic C. Indian D . Germanic13. The five Roamance languages , namely, Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian, Romanian all belong to the Italic through an intermediate language called _.A. Sanskrit B. Latin C.
27、 Celtic D. Anglo-Saxon14. The _family consists of the four Northern European Languages: Norwegian, Icelandic, Danish and Swedish, which are generally known as Scandinavian languages.A. Germanic B. Indo-European C. Albanian D. Hellenic15. By the end of the _century , virtually all of the people who h
28、eld political or social power and many of those in powerful Church positions were of Norman French origin.A. 10th B.11th C.12th D. 13th II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.16. Now people generally refer to Anglo-Saxon as _.17. . If we s
29、ay that Old English was a language of full endings , Middle English was one of _.18. It can be concluded that English has evoked from a synthetic language (Old English) to the present _ language. 19. The surviving languages accordingly fall into eight principal groups , which can be grouped into an
30、Eastern set: Balto-Slavic , Indo-Iranian ,Armenian and Albanian; a Western set :Celtic, Italic, Hellenic, _.20. It is necessary to subdivide Modern English into Early (1500-1700)and _ Modern English.III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) origin of the
31、words 2)history off English development 3) language family. A B21. Celtic ( ) A.politics22. religious ( ) B.moon23.Scandinavian ( ) C. Persian24. French ( ) D.London25. Old English ( ) E. abbot26.Dutch ( ) F. skirt27.Middle English ( ) G. sunu28. Modern English ( ) H. lernen29. Germanic family ( ) I
32、. freight30.Sanskrit ( ) J. NorwegianIV. Study the following words or expressions and identify types of morphemes underlined.31. earth ( ) 32.contradict ( ) 33. predictor ( ) 34. radios ( )35. prewar ( ) 36. happiest ( )37. antecedent ( ) 38. northward ( )38. sun ( ) 40. diction ( )V. Define the fol
33、lowing terms. 41. free morphemes 42. bound morphemes 43. root 44. stem 45.affixesVI. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short.46. Describe the characteristics of Old English .47. Describe the characteristics of Middle English.48. Describe the characteristics of Modern E
34、nglish.VII. Answer the following questions with examples.49. What are the three main sources of new words ?50. How does the modern English vocabulary develop ?Key to exercises: I. 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.D 11.A 12.B 13.B 14.A 15.BII. 16.Old English 17. Leveled endings 18. analytic 19.
35、 Germanic 20.Late(1700-up to the present ) III. 21. D 22. E 23. F 24. A 25. G 26. I 27. H 28. B 29. J 30. CIV. 31. free morpheme/ free root 32. bound root 33. suffix 34. inflectional affix35. prefix 36. Inflectional affix 37. prefix 38. suffix 39. free morpheme/free root 40.bound root V.-VI ( See th
36、e course book )VII. 49. The three main sources of new words are :(1) The rapid development of modern science and technology ,e.g. astrobiology, green revolution ;(2) Social , economic and political changes; e.g. Watergate, soy milk;(3) The influence of other cultures and language; e.g. felafel, Nehr
37、u Jackets.50. Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: (1) creation, e.g. consideration,carefulness; (2) semantic change, e.g. Polysemy, homonymy ; (3) borrowing ;e.g. tofu, gongful.Chapter 3 The Development of the English Vocabulary and Chapter 4 Word Formation II（练习3）I Each of th
38、e statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1. The prefixes in the words of irresistible, nonclassical and apolitical are called _.A. reversative prefixes B. negative prefixes C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes2. The pref
39、ixes contained in the following words are called _: pseudo-friend, malpractice, mistrust. A. reversative prefixed B. negative prefixes C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes3. The prefixed contained in unwrap, de-compose and disallow are _. A. reversative prefixed B. negative prefixes C. pejora
40、tive prefixes D. locative prefixes4. The prefixes in words extra-strong, overweight and archbishop are _ . A . negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes5. The prefixes in words bilingual ,uniform and hemisphere are _. A. number prefixes B. prefixes o
41、f degree or size C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes6._ are contained in words trans-world, intra-party and forehead.A. Prefixes of orientation and attitude B. Prefixes of time and order C. Locative prefixes D. Prefixes of degree or size7. Rugby ,afghan and champagne are words coming from _.
42、A. names of books B. names of places C. names of people D. tradenames8. Omega, Xerox and orlon are words from _.A. names of books B. names of places C. names of people D. tradenames9.Ex-student, foretell and post-election contain_.A. negative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or size C. prefixes of time and order D. locative prefixes10. Mackintosh, bloomers and cherub are from _A. names of books B. names of places
