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1、Unit 3,The Generation Gap,Prereading,Bob Dylan,Bob Dylan,born on May 24,1941 in Duluth,Minnesota in the USA,is widely regarded as perhaps Americas greatest popular songwriter born in the twentieth century.Much of his best work is from the 1960s when his musical shadow was so large that he took on po
2、litical influence.The civil rights movement had no more moving anthem than his song Blowin in the Wind.Millions of young people embraced his song The Times They Are A-Changin during that era of extreme change.The radical political group The Weathermen named themselves after a lyric in Dylans song Su
3、bterranean Homesick Blues(“You dont need a weatherman to know which way the wind blows”).,roam vi.漫游drench vt.使湿透prophesize v.作预言senator n.参议员heed vt.注意 stall v.拖延rage vi.激烈地进行,The Times They Are A-Changin,Quotations about fatherhood,Few things are more satisfying than seeing your own children have
4、teenagers of their own.-Doug LarsonThe fundamental defect of fathers is that they want their children to be a credit to them.-Bertrand Russell,British philosopher,Discussion,1.Do you know your parents birthdays and their wedding anniversary?2.Do you celebrate Mothers Day or Fathers Day?How?3.Do you
5、think parents love for their children is the greatest love in the world?Why?4.How would you describe your relationship with your parents?5.Is there a generation gap between you and your parents?How do you resolve your differences?,Cultural Notes,Fast-food Restaurant,A fast-food restaurant is a resta
6、urant characterized by food which is supplied quickly after ordering(and which may or may not be consumed quickly as well),and by minimal service.The food in these restaurants is commonly cooked in advance and kept hot,or reheated to order.Many fast-food restaurants are part of restaurant chains or
7、franchise(特许经营权)operations,which provide standardized foodstuffs to the individual restaurants,shipped from central locations.Because of its convenience,fast food(also known as take-away food or take-out food)is very popular in many modern societies,but is often criticized for poor nutritional value
8、(often contributing to obesity 肥胖),advertising(especially directed at children),and other issues.,High school,High school,or secondary school,is the last segment of compulsory education in the United States,Canada,China,Korea and Japan.It provides a secondary education.Secondary education is a perio
9、d of education which directly follows primary education.The purpose of a secondary education can be to prepare for either higher education or vocational training.It is referred to by various different names in different countries,including high school in the United States and Australia,or middle sch
10、ool in the Netherlands.It occurs mainly during the teenage years.The exact boundary between primary and secondary education varies from country to country,but is generally around the seventh to the ninth year of education.In the United States,high school generally consists of grades 9,10,11 and 12,t
11、hough this may vary slightly by school district.In some areas,high school starts with tenth grade;a few American high schools still cover grades 7 through 12.American students are allowed to leave high school at age 16-18,depending on the state,or when they graduate or go on to college or other educ
12、ation.This school-leaving age is usually in grade 10 or 11 if the standard curriculum has been followed throughout life,without skipping grades or being held back.Thus,the last two years of high school are not compulsory,but most students complete high school and receive a diploma.A high school dipl
13、oma is generally required for entrance into a college or university,but many colleges accept a small number of students after the eleventh grade.,Family life in America,The average day for many families begins with getting the children up and ready for school.There is usually a rush for everyone to
14、use the bathroom,find clean clothes,eat breakfast,and catch the bus.The school day usually ends at about 3 p.m.in the US and 4 p.m.in Britain,and the working day at 5 p.m.So many parents have to make arrangements for their children after school.,Children may go to an after-school center or stay with
15、 a neighbors children.Older children often do activities like sports or music at their school,or go home and do their homework.They often also have to do chores and may get paid by parents.Although criticized sometimes,many people believe that it is good for children to learn to be independent.From
16、an early age children are encouraged to decide what they want to do,eat or wear,and their parents try to respect their opinions.,Many American teenagers earn a good portion of their college expenses by working during the summer as waiters or waitress,construction workers,mothers helpers,gas station
17、attendants,telephone operators or messengers.They are not concerned with status.Being unskilled,they try to find jobs at whatever level they can.They seek not only money but also experience.They learn work habits,responsibility,the ability to take orders and to get along with a boss and different ki
18、nds of people.,Something about plays,Something about plays,Components of a play:,1.Characters:actors or actress,2.Settings:in which the play is performed,3.Stage directions:to set up stage properties in the proper place;to direct actorss movement,gesture,facial expression etc.,4.Language/Line,5.conf
19、licts:the essence of a play,a clash of actions,ideas which may happen in three forms:man v.s.man,man v.s.environment,man v.s.himself,6.Climax:when a conflict develops to the most intensified point,it becomes a climax,7.Theme:main ideas of a play,Stage arrangement,Up left,Stage left,Down left,Center
20、Stage,Up right,Stage right,Down right,Language Study,1.know better,know better than to do sth.:to be wise or experienced enough not to do somethingHe is old enough to know better.他很明事理，不至于以貌取人。He knows better than to judge by appearances.Sure,shes only six,but shes old enough to know better than to
21、run off without us.know better than sb.:to know or think you know more than someone elseThey thought the painting was a fake,but I knew better.,2.consist of,be made up of,be composed ofThe book consists of essays written over the last twenty years.consist 是个不及物动词，与介词of一起连用，不可用于被动语态。consist的主语表示事物的整体
22、，of后的宾语表示事物的组成部分。例如：Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.North America consists of the United States,Canada,and Mpose的主语表示事物的组成部分，宾语表示事物的整体。但在被动语态中正好相反。The United States,Canada,and Mexico compose North Aprise用作及物动词,有两种用法:传统规则认为其主语应当为事物的整体,宾语应当为事物的组成部分,词义为“由组成,由构成”;另一种趋势是用comprise表达“组成,构成”的意思,此时其主语为
23、事物的组成部分,宾语为事物的整体。英国国会是由下议院和上议院组成的.The British Parliament comprises/consists of/is composed of the House of Commons and the House of Lords.下议院和上议院组成了英国国会.The House of Commons and the House of Lords comprise/compose/constitute the British Parliament.constitute的主语表示事物的组成部分，宾语表示事物的整体。The United States,C
24、anada,and Mexico constitute North America.,3.fade,vi vt.1)(cause sth to)lose colour,freshness or vigour:Will(the colour in)this material fade?The strong sunlight had faded the curtains.2)vi.disappear gradually【(away/from)】:The sound of the cheering faded(away)in the distance.欢呼声在远处逐渐消失了.随着天气越来越冷，她早锻
25、炼的热情逐渐消失了。Her enthusiasm for early-morning exercises faded as the weather was getting colder and colder.phr v.fade away（指人）散开,死亡Ex.她对童年的一切记忆逐渐从脑海中消逝了.All memory of her childhood had faded from her mind.,4.overall,adv.1)on the whole;generally 大体上Overall its been a good match.总的来说,那场比赛很好2)including ev
26、erything 总共 How much will it cost overall?一共多少钱?Ex.总的说来，我们喜欢这次演出。We enjoyed the performance overall./Overall,we enjoyed the performance.adj attrib 作定语 总计的,全面考虑的:the overall measurements of a room Theres been an overall improvement recently.近来各方面都有所改进.,5.bet,vt.be sureI bet(that).(infml)I am certain:
27、I bet he arrives late,he always does.我敢肯定他得迟到-他一贯如此.you bet(infml)you may be sure(of it)当然:Are you going to the match?You bet(I am)!“你去看比赛吗?”“当然（我去）!”Ex.我确信这个消息会使他们大吃一惊.I bet they were surprised by the news.vt vi.打赌，赌博【(sth)(on sth)】:He spends all his money betting on horses.,6.distract,vt.take(sb.s
28、 attention)away from sth.esp.for a short timeDont distract me from working.Passengers are requested not to distract the drivers attention while he is driving.玩电脑游戏有时让他写作业分心。Playing computer games sometimes distracts him from his homework.distract sb./sth.distract sb./sth.from,7.at any rate,whatever
29、may happen;in any caseAt any rate,you survived the car accident.birth rate 出生率first-rate 一流的 at this/that rate 这样/那样的话；照这样/那样的情形 rate of exchange 汇率,8.exhaust,vt.1)esp passive tire out:The long cycle ride exhausted her.He took to walking long distances in an attempt to physically exhausted himself.E
30、x.这次旅行后我们都筋疲力尽了。We are all exhausted after the journey.2)use(sth)up completely:What will we do,now that weve exhausted our reserve of oil?exhaust ones strength用尽力气 n U废气、蒸气等exhaustion n U精疲力竭;耗尽exhausted adj very tired 极其疲倦的exhaustive adj彻底的;全面的exhaustable,inexhaustable,A great sense of calm came ov
31、er me,e over(sb.),(of a feeling)affect sb A fit of dizziness came over her.她感到一阵头晕目眩.I cant think what came over me.我不知道我是怎麽了。Ex._(我感到很平静)when I realized that I was no longer responsible for the situation.Ce over(to sth)改变立场或意见等:She will never come over to our side.,10.frank,adj(-er,-est)showing tho
32、ughts and feelings openly;honest and direct in speech;plain and blunt【(with sb)】【(about sth)】:a frank reply/discussion 坦率的回答/讨论To be(perfectly)frank with you,I think your son has little chance of passing the exam.说实在的,我认为你儿子这次考试及格的希望不大.frankly adv Ex.在这个问题上你能不能和我坦诚相对?Will you be quite frank with me
33、about this matter?,11.interference,interfere v.interfere(in sth),interfere between sb and sb:concern oneself with or take action affecting sb elses affairs without the right to do so or being invited to do so干涉,介入，干预 I wish youd stop interfering youve caused enough problems already.Dont interfere in
34、 matters that do not concern you!interfere with sb/sth:1)to prevent sth from succeeding or from happening in the way that was planned妨碍，阻止Dont interfere with him while hes working.忧虑紧张会影响孩子在学校的表现。Anxiety can interfere with childrens performance at school.2)if sth interferes with a radio or televisio
35、n broadcast,it spoils the sound or picture that you receive 干扰（广播或电视播送）interference n.Her parents continual interference in our affairs irritated me.你干涉他的私人事务是不明智的。Your interference in his private affairs is unreasonable.The bad weathers causing a lot of television interference.,12.constant,adj 1)us
36、u attrib going on all the time;happening again and again 持续的;不断发生的:constant chattering,complaints,interruptions This entrance is in constant use;do not block it.2)unchanging;fixed 不变的:a constant speed,value,etc 恒定速度、恒值等 Pressure in the container remains constant.3)usu attrib(approv 褒)firm;faithful 坚
37、定的;忠实的:constant n 常量;恒量.constantly adv.不断地Ex.我已经持续头痛三天了。I have had a constant headache for three days.constant,instant,The executive in charge of the project,13.in charge(of),主管，负责Who is in charge of the clubs finances?Ex._（负责这个项目的经理）was having some difficulties in negotiating terms with the contrac
38、tors.take charge of 负责 in ones charge 由某人照管on a charge of 以罪名,14.patience,n U 1)ability to accept delay,annoyance or suffering without complaining忍耐力;耐心【(with sb/sth)】:I warn you,Im beginning to lose(my)patience(with you).After three hours of waiting for the train,our patience was finally exhausted.
39、我们等了三个小时的火车,最后再也没有耐性了.2)ability to persevere with sth;perseverance毅力【(for sth/to do sth)】:Learning to walk again after his accident required great patience.,15.junior,adj younger【(to sb)】;lower in rank(than sb)(年龄、职位、资历等)较低的He is several years junior to Mrs Cooper.Having worked for five years,Jack i
40、s still a a junior clerk in an office.n.(年龄、职位等)较低者,大学三年级学生John Smith,Jr.（缩略）小约翰史密斯Cf.junior,senior,inferior,superiorsenior adj.(年龄、职位、资历等)较高的 inferior/superior adj.（对质量、价值、地位等比较）Ex.选词填空:A.junior B.inferiorHe has _A_ position in the company.His work is _B_ to mine.,While-reading,Grammatical Structur
41、es,know better than(that/to do sth.)be wise or well-trained enough not to do(sth.)不至于，懂得不该E.gFather knows better!(line 18;65;169)b)Father/Daddy,you know better than that.(line 56;line158;line 208)Fools may believe you,but I know better.傻子才相信你，但我可不相信你的话。Ex.你应该知道刚吃过饭不宜立即去游泳。You ought to know better th
42、an to go swimming immediately after a meal.,Whatever1)interrog pron.(expressing surprise or bewilderment)（究竟是）什麽:Well,whatever it is,dear,dont keep us in suspense.(line 73)b)Whatever would make you think that?(line 80)译文：a)到底是什么事啊？亲爱的，别卖关子了。b)你怎么会知道？Ex.你究意是什麽意思?*pron.regardless of what,no matter wha
43、t 无论什麽:Whatever happens(may happen),dont be surprised.,Whatever do you mean?,Discussion,Read Part 2,and discuss the characteristics of Father,Mother,and the Children.Hint:pay attention to the way they speak,their tone of voice,their facial expressions and their actions,etc.),Father:Fathers attitudes
44、 towards Mother was that _.He pulled the chair for her before dinner,and obeyed her commands like do go on,do get on with it,dont keep us in suspense.Besides,although Father was/felt pleased with what he had done for Diane,he had learned from experience that_.That was why he could quickly realize hi
45、s blunder,as made clear by the sentence I do?Yes,yes,I guess I do.Ive done it again,havent I”,He shows great respect for Mother,his efforts were not always welcome,Mother:In her speech Mother uses quite a number of dos and donts,pleases,dears,and sweethearts.She is the real head of the Thompson hous
46、ehold,giving out commands to her children as well as her husband.On the other hand,knowing her childrens attitude towards Fathers meddling,she tries to_,as in the instances when she _ by telling the children“Dont interrupt”,“Dont distract your father”,and“give your father the respect he deserves”,or
47、 when she tries to divert the conversation by_.,maintain the peace,maintains Fathers dignity,talking about her dessert,Children:The Thompson children respect Mother,as shown by their frequent“Yes,Mother”and“Sorry,Mom”.On the other hand,they are used to Fathers _.Sean and Heidi often make bemused com
48、ments like“Father knows better!”.Dianes feelings are entirely different,though.She is _ when Father tells her“I have a surprise for you.”Then she is _ as Father mentions her feelings toward young Kyle.Later as Father goes on delaying telling the truth,she becomes _.Finally,when she learns the truth,
49、she_.,meddling with their affairs,put on guard,embarrassed,hysterical,loses her temper,Key to exercises,Vocabulary,That exceptional stamp was handed down by your grandfather,and is worth a fortune.You should have known better than to trade it for a few drinks.Company executives are always looking ou
50、t for talented college graduates to hire as junior employees.The doctor in charge of his case asked him to fill out one form after another,but kept him in suspense as to what they were for.,II.Collocation1.adequate2.anxious3.certain4.content5.crazy6.likely7.fortunate8.keen,III.Usage1.be admitted2.li
