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1、Research on the Architecture of Computer Integrated Production System in Thermal Power Plant (TPP-CIPS)Xu JigangHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyZheng HuiliChina Electric Power Engineering Consulting CorporationZhang JinlongHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyAbstract This paper
2、 presents an architecture of Computer Integrated Production System in Thermal Power Plant (TPP-CIPS). This architecture is a successful model with a three-dimensional space based on hierarchial dimension, view dimension and life period dimension. Hierarchial view includes Management Information Syst
3、em (MIS), Supervisory Information System (SIS) and process automation systems such as Distributed Control System (DCS). View dimension includes function view, resource view, organization view and information view. Life period view includes system analyses, system design, system implementation, opera
4、tion maintenance and system optimization.Key words thermal power plant CIMS TPP-CIPS architecture model1. GeneralThere have been lots of reference models of Computer Integrated Manufacturing System (CIMS) since CIMS appeared more than twenty years ago. The most famous models are computer integrated
5、manufacturing open system (CIM-OSA) in ESPRIT plan of European Economic Community, Enterprise GRAI integrated methodology (GIM) of GRAI/LAP lab of Bordeaux University in France and Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture (PERA) of Purdue University in U.S. Almost all the models above are researched
6、 for dispersed manufacturing and the target model is centralized at integration of CAX (CAD/CAPP/CAM/CAE), PDM and MRPII. Integration of flow enterprise is in the ascendant now all over the world. Flow enterprise is similar to dispersed manufacturing on some sides and quite different on other sides.
7、 For flow enterprise, CIMS should be called Computer Integrated Production System (CIPS) or integration automation system for whole plant Research on CIPS of power plant is almost a blank space for power enterprises in most countries. Definite research papers on power system are about integration fr
8、om power generating to power delivering. Innovation of power enterprises in China creates condition for implementation of CIPS in power plantsIn order to enhance the whole management level and operation efficiency and to strengthen the market competition of power plant, all famous control corporatio
9、ns all over the world have made progresses and have had experiences in developing integration of management and control of power plants. These latest harvests have been applied in some modern power plants. It is gradually forming an important level of integration of management and control between tr
10、aditional DCS and MIS. The system could optimize management of real time process of the whole plant. On one hand, its functions are to realize operation optimization, load distribution, economy analysis, equipment diagnosis, equipment status maintenance and equipment life management, etc. On the oth
11、er hand, it could transmit data to the management system of MIS of business, archives, OA and so on. In the physical configuration, this level lies between DCS with high precision, high speed and high reliability and MIS which doesnt affect safe operation. This system is an important research item n
12、ow, which is called Supervisory Information System (SIS)To set up an integration model for power plant, especially large size thermal power plant could bring evident economic benefits to power plants. This paper based upon the thorough study of it, will put forward a three dimensional space architec
13、ture which is called Computer Integrated Production System for large size thermal power plant (TPP-CIPS).2. Hierarchy Model of TPP-CIPSHierarchy model is a structure description of CIMS, it is a base of design and realizing CIMS. Large size thermal power plant TPP-CIPS is an industrial integration a
14、utomation system which gives priority to process control and supervisory analysis management. Referring to Purdue Reference Model, this paper puts forward a hierarchy model with five levels and two sustaining systems. See Figure 1. Five level models and their main functions are: Field control level:
15、 this level is the base automation level of power plant, which controls the process directly including various measurements, instruments and actuators.Function control level: this level is to control the technological system of each functional group level, such as combustion control system, feed wat
16、er control system, steam control system etc. in the DCS of main power building.Unit control level: this level is the workshop machine hall control level of power plant, which controls each unit and balance systems of power plant such as DCS of each unit, PLC and SCADA of auxiliary common systems etc
17、.Supervisory analysis level: this level is the real time supervisory level of whole power plant, which is to realize operation optimization, load distribution, economy analysis, equipment diagnosis, equipment status maintenance and equipment life management etc.Management and decision-making level:
18、this level is the management information level of whole power plant, which is to realize business running management, finance management, resources management etc. no-real-time management3. Function View of TPP-CIPSAccording to the latest research fruits of flow enterprises, function view of CIPS in
19、cludes management information system, quality control system, process automation system, dynamic supervisory system, computer network and data-base management system (DBMS).There is not general quality control system in power plant. According to the hierarchy model, the function system of management
20、 and decision-making level is Management Information System (MIS), the function system of supervisory analysis level is Supervisory Information System (SIS). Unit control level and function group control level form lots of process Automation Systems (AS). There is a corresponding mapping relationshi
21、p between the hierarchy control view and function view in power plant. The function view of TPP-CIPS is referred to Figure 24. The Mode of Implementation of TPP-CIPSThis paper presents a mode of implementation of TPP-CIPS based on life period. See Figure 3. Referring to the conventional three stages
22、 of life period, this paper puts forward a mode of five stages from system analysis, system design, system implementation to system maintenance, system optimization. It is a closed loop way instead of conventional opening loop way. It not only introduces general theory to thermal power plant, but al
23、so extends the conventional three stages theory to an important technique base of implementation of CIPS. System analysis, system design and system implementation are important stages of implementation of TPP-CIPS, system maintenance and system optimization are also necessary to enhance the operatio
24、n level and optimize the system.Work and fruits of each stage of life period are as following:(1) System analysis stage: to set up enterprise demand analysis model based on operation investigation, actuality analysis and demand definition. This model should include the primary concept models of orga
25、nization view model, resource view model, function view model and information view model. All these models are main input and design principle of system design.(2) System design stage: to modify function configuration and organization configuration according to the concept models and relative system
26、 analysis document, to perfect organization view model, resource view model, function view model and information view model, to do detail design of TPP-CIPS system in order to form logic mode and system design document and technical specifications of each parts of the system.(3) System implementatio
27、n stage: to realize the mapping from model setting up to system implementation. To realize system configuration, system debugging and examination operation according to system design document and specification. The fruits of this stage are user handbook, physical resource drawings, test reports, etc
28、.(4) System maintenance stage: to realize the effective management and control of TPP-CIPS through document management and edition control, and to analyze and solve all the occurring problems, in the meantime to log all the newly occurring events and demand, as the basic data to optimize and modify
29、to some parts of the system.(5) System optimization stage: to diagnose all the problems appearing during system operation, to optimize the system and to enhance the performance of TPP-CIPS. It may be partial sometimes such as adding one function module or some new functions. This stage is also the s
30、tart of a new life period5. Three Dimensional Space Architecture of TPP-CIPSThree dimensional space architecture of TPP-CIPS can be set up based on hierarchy dimension, view dimension and life period dimension. See Figure 4.6. ConclusionThree dimensional space architecture of TPP-CIPS put forward by
31、 this paper can be looked on as the instruction and guidance of implementation of CIPS in power plant. The key techniques of this model are SIS system model, large real time database technique and decision-making techniques. SIS is the integration level of management and control, a good SIS model me
32、ans a good TPP-CIPS model. Large real time database is the resource of information and center of data, it is the base of TPP-CIPS. Decision-making techniques are the most important techniques to establish various decision-making systems.Some large-scale thermal power plants are implementing CIPS by
33、using the method of TPP-CIPS now. It is a successful model中文译文火电厂计算机集成生产系统体系结构的研究(TPP-CIPS)许继刚华中理工大学管理学院郑慧莉中国电力工程咨询公司张金隆华中理工大学管理学院摘要 文章提出了一种适合于火力发电厂的计算机集成生产系统（TPP-CIPS）体系结构，该体系结构分别以层次结构维、视图维和生命周期维共同构成一个完整的三维模型。层次结构维包括管理信息系统（MIS）、监控信息系统（SIS）和过程自动化系统如分散控制系统（DCS）等；视图维包括功能视图、资源视图、组织视图和信息视图；生命周期维包括系统分析、系
34、统设计、系统实施、运行维护和优化提高等五个阶段。关键词 电厂 CIMS TPP-CIPS 体系结构 模型1、概述从二十多年前出现计算机集成制造系统以来,有许多的计算机集成制造系统（计算机集成制造系统）的参考模型，最著名的模型有计算机集成制造开放系统(CIM-OSA), 它是欧洲经济共同体欧洲信息技术研究的战略计划，波尔多大学GRAI / LAP实验室的企业GRAI集成工艺方法( GIM)和美国Purdue大学的Purdue企业计算机参考体系结构( PERA)。几乎所有上述模型是对分散制造和对象模型进行的研究，它集中体现在CAX (CAD / CAPP / CAM / CAE), PDM和MRP
35、II的集成上。现在全世界整体化经营的流程企业蒸蒸日上，在某些方面流程企业类似于分散的制造企业,在别的方面又有相当不同的。作为流程企业，将计算机集成制造系统引入到计算机集成生产系统( CIPS)或集成自动化系统中，大多数国家的电力企业对发电厂计算机集成生产系统CIPS进行整套装置的研究，几乎是一个空白。电力系统明确的研究报告是关于从发电到输电的集成。在中国，电力企业的技术革新为发电厂CIPS的实施创造了条件。为了提高整体管理水平和运行效率及增强发电厂的市场竞争，全世界所有著名的管理公司已经取得进步，并且在发电厂经营管理的发展集成化方面有了经验，最新的成果已经在一些现代化发电厂得到应用。在传统的D
36、CS和MIS之间，经营管理集成化的重要标准正在逐渐形成，该系统可以使整套装置实时过程的管理最优化。一方面将实现运行的最优化、负荷分配、经济性分析、设备诊断、设备状态维护和设备寿命管理等功能。另一方面，它能把数据发送到MIS的经营管理系统中，实现交易,存档,办公自动化等等。该物理层次位于具有高精度、高速度、和高可靠性的DCS和不影响安全操作的管理信息系统MIS之间。被称作监控信息系统( SIS)，现在它是一个重要的研究对象。为发电厂建立一个集成化模型，尤其是大型火电厂,它能带来明显的经济效益。基于深入的研究，本论文将提出一个三维空间结构，它被称作大型火电厂的计算机集成生产系统( TPP - CI
37、PS)。2.TPP - CIPS的层次模型待添加的隐藏文字内容2计算机集成制造系统的结构描述是一个层次模型，它是设计和实现计算机集成制造系统的基础,大型火电厂的TPP -CIPS是一个生产集成自动化系统,它给过程控制和监控分析管理以优先权。关于Purdue参考模型,本论文提出一个具有五个层次和二个支撑系统的层次模型,如图五个层次模型和他们的主要功能是:现场控制层:本层是发电厂自动化水平的基础,它直接对包括各种测量,仪表和执行机构的过程进行控制。功能控制层:本层是各功能分组控制技术的系统层,例如燃烧调节系统,给水调节系统,主蒸汽调节系统等等，该层在电厂主控室的分布式计算机控制系统（DCS）中。单
38、元控制层:本层是发电厂的（车间）机组控制层，控制发电厂的各个设备和平衡系统如各单元的DCS, 辅助公共系统PLC 和 SCADA等等。监控分析层：本层是整个发电厂的实时监控层,实现运行最优化,负荷分配，经济性分析,设备诊断,设备状态维护和设备寿命管理等等。管理和决策层:本层是整个发电厂的管理信息层,实现企业经营管理,财务管理,物资管理等非实时管理。3. TPP - CIPS的功能视图根据流程企业的最新研究成果，CIPS的功能视图包括管理信息系统,质量管理系统,过程自动化系统,动态监控系统,计算机网络和数据库管理系统( DBMS)。在发电厂没有全面的质量管理系统。根据该分层模型,管理和决策层的功
39、能系统是管理信息系统( MIS),监控分析层的功能系统是监控信息系统( SIS)。单元控制层与功能分组控制层组成许多过程自动化系统(AS)。在发电厂存在一个层次视图和功能视图之间通信的图表关系。TPP - CIPS的功能视图参看图。4 TPP CIPS的实施模型本论文给出一个基于生命周期的TPP - CIPS实施模型。参见图3.参照生命周期传统的三个阶段，本论文给出了一个五个阶段的模型：从系统分析,系统设计，系统实施到系统维护,系统优化。它采用闭环方式而不是传统的开环方式。它不但把常规理论引入到火电厂,而且把传统的三阶段理论扩展成CIPS实施的一个重要技术的基础。系统分析,系统设计和系统实施是
40、TPP - CIPS实施的重要阶段, 系统维护和系统优化在加强操作层和优化系统中也是必需的。生命周期各阶段的工作和成果如下：( 1)系统分析阶段：建立企业需求分析模型,该模型建立在运行调查研究，事实分析和明确需求基础上。该模型包括基本概念模型：组织视图模型，资源视图模型，功能视图模型和信息视图模型。所有的这些模型是系统设计的主要输入部分和设计原理。( 2)系统设计阶段：根据概念模型和相关的系统分析提供的修改资料，完成详细功能结构和组织结构，完善组织视图模型，资源视图模型，功能视图模型和信息视图模型，完成TPP - CIPS体系的详细设计以便形成该体系各部分的逻辑方法,系统设计文件和技术规范。(
41、 3)系统实施阶段：完成从建立模型到系统实施的布局图。根据系统设计文件和技术规范完成系统配置,系统调试和试验运行。本阶段的成果有用户指南，实际的系统图，试验报告，等等( 4)系统维护阶段：通过文档管理和编辑控制实现TPP - CIPS的有效经营管理，把研究和解决所有存在的问题，同时记录所有新出现的事件和需求当作优化和改进系统某部分的基本资料。（）系统优化阶段：诊断所有在系统运行期间出现的问题，优化和提高TPP - CIPS的系统性能。有时可能是局部的如增加一个功能模块或添加某些新的功能。本阶段也是一个新的生命周期的开始。TPP - CIPS的三维空间体系结构TPP - CIPS的三维空间体系结构是在层次结构维，视图维和生命周期维基础上建立的。6 结论由本论文提出的 TPP - CIPS的三维空间体系结构可以作为发电厂CIPS实施的指导书和手册。SIS系统模型、大的实时数据库技术和决策技术是该模型的关键技术。SIS是经营管理的集成层，一个可靠的SIS模型意味着一个可靠的TPP - CIPS模型。实时数据库是信息资源和数据中心，是TPP - CIPS的基础。在建立的各种决策系统中，决策技术是最重要的技术。现在利用TPP - CIPS的模型在某些大型的火电厂实施了CIPS。它是一个成功的模型。
