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1、中小学英语教师国家级培训计划,National Teacher Training Program,北京外国语大学,A DIALECTIC APPROACHINFOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING,Chen Lin,INTRODUCTION,There exit various pairs of antitheses in the science of foreign language teaching and learning.,All these pairs of antitheses should be dealt with in a dialectical way.That
2、 is,they should be viewed as mutually complimenting.,1.Theory vs Practice,The fundamental issue in foreign language learning is the proper treatment of the relation between THEORY and PRACTICE.Practice is primary and theory is secondary.Theory is based on practice and serves practice.,Hence,language
3、 learning should start with language practice;that is,basic training in communication skills,instead of focusing on knowledge of rules of grammar and pronunciation.,However,language theory grammar and pronunciation knowledge and the use of words,should be taught,but at the proper time and in the pro
4、per way,to make it serve the need of further practice.,For a long time in the past,the teaching of a foreign language meant mainly the learning of grammar rules and the doing of great deals of mechanical out-of-context exercises.,The Guidelines for the Promotion of ELT at Primary Schools issued by M
5、OE in early 2001 clearly stated:“(We must guard against and correct(the wrong doing of)putting the emphasis of teaching on grammar and pronunciation knowledge,but shifting the emphasis to nurturing the students in their interest(in learning English)and training them in their capability of language c
6、ommunication.,Quality-oriented Education vs.Language Command,Foreign language learning should be of two purposes:to enable students to command a tool for communication and to nurture them in humanistic and cultural quality.,The newly promulgated National Curriculum Standard for ELT states:“The learn
7、ing of English is not only a process,through classroom teaching and practical activities,for the students to learn the knowledge and skills of the language and thus master the integrated language capability,but also a process for them to mould their sentiment,broaden their horizon and promote their
8、humanistic quality.”,Language Input vs.Language Output,Language output(speaking and writing)should be based on Language input(listening and reading).,For a long time in the past,the students had very little language input.They had little to read and almost nothing to hear.Yet they were expected to b
9、e able to write and translate,if not to speak.This goes against the law of language acquisition and is unfair to the students.,Therefore,extensive language exposure through listening and reading is essential for the command of integrated language capability.,4.Oral Activities vs.Written Activities,T
10、he two should be mutually complimenting and practiced in an integrative way.,LANGUAGE LEARNING vs.LANGUAGE ACQUISITION,Language learning on the basis of proper language context and ample acquisition environment.,COMMUNICATION ABILITY VS.LANGUAGE ACCURACY,Language accuracy can only be obtained throug
11、h ample communication practice,which is the only way to correct mistakes and attain accuracy.,LANGUAGE vs.CULTURE,Language is the means of communication and also the carrier of culture.Language and culture can never be separated.A language can only be learned well in the context of the culture.,THE
12、MOTHER TONGUE vs.THE TARGET LANGUAGE,A foreign language should be taught in that language itself,but some comparison or even translation of the two languages in classroom teaching can be useful.,TASK-BASED LEARNING vs.ECLECTIC APPROACH,Foreign language teaching can be carried out with TASK-BASED LEA
13、RNING as the main approach but the effective aspects of all other teaching methods should not be discarded but made use of.,10.FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT vs.SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT,The students achievements should be assessed and evaluated in the whole progression of their learning,instead of only with the r
14、esult of the final examination.Exams are a way of teaching.,.LEARNING AUTONOMY vs.COOPERATIVE LEARNING,Independent learning is essential.However,as language is a means of communication and best learned in communication,cooperative learning is essential.,12.INTENSIVE STUDY vs.EXTENSIVE STUDY,In the l
15、earning of any language,both intensive study and extensive study should be emphasized.The two work together to guarantee success in the mastering of the language.,CONCLUSION,All problems in the science of foreign language learning should be studied and tackled from a DIALECTIC POINT OF VIEW.That is,they should be scrutinized on both sides and one-sidedness should be avoided.,Thank you for your attention.Comments and questions are welcome.,
