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1、Thermoplastic Polyurethanes 聚氨酯材料,Compound Selection and Production of PUR Seals 材料的选择 及 生产工艺,Presented by:Manfred OchsSeptember 2009,Thermoplastic Polyurethanes 聚氨酯材料Agenda 主要内容,Introduction 介绍 Strengths of Polyurethanes 聚氨酯材料的优点 Raw material description with influence to raw materials properties 原
2、材料的选择及对性能的影响 Property examples of good materials 优秀的聚氨酯材料应该具有的性能 Compatability behaviour to Fluids 和介质的兼容性 Processes 生产工艺 Summary 总结,Thermoplastic Polyurethane Introduction聚氨酯材料的简介,In order to fulfill the increasing lifetime requierements for Hydraulic Seals under severe conditions,you have to consi
3、der the selection of materials from different seal suppliers 为了满足日益增长的对液压密封件寿命的要求，我们将不得不开发各种各样的聚氨酯材料。Thermoplastic Polyurethane materials are based on the following raw Materials 聚氨酯是基于下面的原材料:Polyols 多氢化合物 Isocyanates 异氰酸盐 Cross Linking Agents 粘合剂,Thermoplastic PolyurethaneStrengths of Polyurethanes
4、聚氨酯材料的优点,Good Thermoplastic Polyurethane materials should covering with-30C to+110C(short time 125C)a large temperature range.The compatability to Mineral Oils,Synthetic Esters,HFA-Fluids and Water(temp.limit 60C)is very good to excelent.非常宽的温度使用范围，一般是从-30C到+110C（短时间可至125C）。可适用于不同的介质例如矿物油，合成脂，HFA，和水
5、（最高温度60C）。Other characteristics 其他特性:High tensile and tear resistancy 拉伸应力和抗撕裂应力高 Low Compression Set,even at 100C/72h 永久压缩变形低，甚至是在100C的72小时下 High extrusion and wear resistancy 抗挤出和耐磨行呢好 Excelent hydrolysis resistancy 耐水解性能好 Very good dynamic sealing properties 非常好的动密封性能 Very low gas permeability 低的
6、气体渗透性 Very good Ozone resitancy 高的耐臭氧性能,Thermoplastic PolyurethaneRaw material description 聚氨酯原材料的描述,Polyols 多氢基化合物Polyether 聚醚(EU)Strengths 优点-very good low temperature properties 非常好的低温性能-good hdrolysis resistancy 耐水解性能好 Weaknesses 缺点-worse physical properties compared to Polyesters 和聚酯相比材料的物理性能比较
7、差-poor compatability in mineral oil 在矿物油中的性能比较差-poor wear and extrusion resitancy 抗挤出和磨损性能比较差,Polyester 聚酯(AU)Strengths 优点-very good physical properties 物理性能出色-very good extrusion and wear resistancy 抗挤出抗磨损性能出色-very good compatability to mineral oils 矿物油中性能出色Weaknesses 缺点-not so good low temperature
8、 properties compared to Polyether systems 低温性能不如聚醚材料好,Thermoplastic PolyurethaneRaw material description 聚氨酯原材料的描述,Polycarbonatediol 聚碳酸酯(AU)Strengths 优点-excellent hydrolysis stability(better than Polyethers)优秀的耐水解性能（比聚醚材料还要好）-very good physical properties 非常好的物理性能-very good oil compatability(e.g.HF
9、A for mining!)耐油的性能也出色（例如矿山用的HFA介质）-high extrusion and wear resistancy 好的抗挤出和磨损性能Weaknesses 缺点-reduced low temperature behaviour(TR10-20C)牺牲了低温性能（TR10 20C）,Thermoplastic PolyurethaneRaw material description 聚氨酯原材料的描述,Isocyanates 异氢酸盐MDI 二苯基异氰酸酯-standard for TPUs.In combination with selected Poyols a
10、nd cross linking agents,very good properties can be achieved 如果比较合适的选用多氢基化合物和粘合剂，我们可以得到非常好的聚氨酯材料 TODI 联苯二异氰酸酯-leads to very good physical properties.Worldwide only 2 sources;therefore very high price.Very harmful in the process!作用是增强材料的物理性能，但世界范围内仅有2家供应商，所以价格非常高。但它的使用对生产工艺非常不好PPDI 对苯二异氰酸酯-very good
11、high temperature and dynamic properties(Rebound);limited Hardness leads to reduced extrusion resistancy.Lack in low temp.behaviour.More harmful than TODI;high price because of limited sources worldwide.作用是改善材料的高温性能和动密封性能，但通常是材料硬度降低，因此会导致抗挤出性能差。同时会降低材料的低温性能，且但它的使用对生产工艺非常，且价格非常高,Thermoplastic Polyuret
12、haneRaw material description 聚氨酯原材料的描述,Cross Linking Agents 粘合剂Butanediol 丁二醇-standard for most of TPUs.Leads to good tensile strength but higher compression set.聚氨酯的标准材料，它的作用是是聚氨酯材料具有非常好的拉伸性能，但会导致永久压缩变形率增加。Hydrochinon-special CLA which leads to very good compression set and good dynamic properties.
13、Hard to process and high price 它的作用是使材料具有非常好的永久压缩变形率，和动密封性能。但价格非常高，对生产工艺不好Process Aids 工艺添加介质-internal mold release agents 脱模剂-heat stabilizers 热稳定剂-lubricants 润滑剂,Thermoplastic PolyurethaneRaw material description 聚氨酯原材料的描述,Thermoplastic PolyurethaneProperty examples of good materials 优秀聚氨酯材料的性能,AU
14、,Aging test in Air 老化实验,Tensile test machine拉力实验台,Thermoplastic PolyurethaneProperty examples of good materials 优秀聚氨酯材料的性能,Aging test in Water 耐水解测试,Device for Hydrolysis test水解实验台,Thermoplastic PolyurethaneProperty examples of good materials 优秀聚氨酯材料的性能,Aging test in ASTM Oil1 1号油老化实验,Thermoplastic
15、PolyurethaneProperty examples of good materials 优秀聚氨酯材料的性能,Aging test in ASTM Oil3 3号油老化实验,Thermoplastic PolyurethaneProperty examples of good materials 优秀聚氨酯材料的性能,Special AU with excellent hydrolysis stability 特殊的聚氨酯材料应具有非常好的耐油和耐水解性能,Thermoplastic PolyurethaneProperty examples of good materials 优秀聚
16、氨酯材料的性能,Aging test in Air 空气中的老化实验,Thermoplastic PolyurethaneProperty examples of good materials 优秀聚氨酯材料的性能,Thermoplastic PolyurethaneProperty examples of good materials 优秀聚氨酯材料的性能,Aging test in Water 耐水解测试,Aging test in ASTM Oil1 1号油老化实验,Thermoplastic PolyurethaneProperty examples of good materials
17、 优秀聚氨酯材料的性能,Aging test in ASTM Oil3 3号油老化实验,Thermoplastic PolyurethaneProperty examples of good materials 优秀聚氨酯材料的性能,Gauge Aging Test 夹具实验 at 72h/100C,Thermoplastic PolyurethaneProperty examples of good materials 优秀聚氨酯材料的性能,Thermoplastic Polyurethane Fluid Compatability 聚氨酯耐介质实验,Thermoplastic Polyur
18、ethane Processes 聚氨酯的生产工艺,Material Flow 生产流程 Compound preparation with 材料的准备-Mixing of regrind and masterbatch dye for coloring;材料混色 Compound drying 材料的干燥-the max moisture content should be 0,05%.In some cases,0,03%are needed.材料中的水分最多为0.05%，某些情况下甚至是0.03%.To achieve that,special dryers are needed.Dry
19、ers should be connected to the feeding zone of the inj.-machine.为了达到这个效果，我们必须使用特殊的烘干机，烘干机必须和注射机的注射口相连Too high moisture content can influence the physical properties and the process behaviour 如果水分过高，材料的性能和生产工艺将会受到很大影响！,Molds 模具 Gate lay outs 流道的设计-direct gates 直流道-film gates 片流道-umbrella gates 伞流道-su
20、b gates 潜流道-hot runners with direct gating and side runners 热流道 Surfaces 表面处理-should be not be polished because of adhesion problems with PUR表面应该硬化处理但不能抛光，不然聚氨酯材料就会粘在模具上 Venting 排气-to avoid flow lines venting is of an utmost importance 模具中不能有任何气体,Thermoplastic Polyurethane Processes 聚氨酯的生产工艺,Base Mo
21、ldwith insert模架和模具,Thermoplastic Polyurethane Processes 聚氨酯的生产工艺,Measurement machine for mold approval process 模具批准流程中的测量工具,Thermoplastic Polyurethane Processes 聚氨酯的生产工艺,Injection Molding 注射流程-PUR seals can be produced on standard injection molding machines 聚氨酯材料应该在注射机上完成,Thermoplastic Polyurethane
22、Processes 聚氨酯的生产工艺,Trimming 修边 Why trimming 为什么要修边-Only with trimming you can achieve optimal sealing edges 不修边的密封件没有最佳的密封唇,Thermoplastic Polyurethane Processes 聚氨酯的生产工艺,Post curing 二次硫化-in order to achieve an optimum in physical properties post curing is of an utmost importance不经过二次硫化，聚氨酯材料不能获得最好的物
23、理和化学性能.,Post curing conditions 硫化时间-from 80C to 120C-from 24h to 48h,Thermoplastic Polyurethane Processes 聚氨酯的生产工艺,Thermoplastic Polyurethane Summary 聚氨酯材料的总结,With good PUR compounds you can achieve an optimum in life time in hydraulic systems.好的聚氨酯材料对液压密封系统至关重要However,in the selection of compounds/
24、suppliers,you have to consider the following things:所以选择聚氨酯材料时应考虑以下内容：Type of material(AU,EU,.)什么基质的聚氨酯材料？Working conditions(good materials from-30C to+110C)工作状况 Fluid compatability耐介质性能 Hardness of material(too low hardness leads to extrusion,too hard materials,e.g.95ShA,can lead to installing problems)材料的硬度（硬度太低会导致挤出，但硬度太高会造成安装困难 Look for suppliers who have the process experiences and who can make sure a consistant production供应商应该非常有经验，且具有非常好的生产工艺稳定性,Thank you for your attention,
