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1、毕业论文翻译（汉译英）基于ANSYS升降台低速轴有限元分析 ContentAbstract1Introduction2Chapter 1 Finite Element Method3Section1 FEM3Section2 Basic Principles and Mathematical Concepts4Chapter 2 Pro-E Modeling7Section1 Modeling of the Low-speed Shaft7Section2 Features and Benefits of Pro-E7Chapter 3 ANSYS Implementation Process
2、9Section1 Software Solution9Section2 Static Analysis10Section3 Modal Analysis13Conclusion15Thanks16References17 Abstract The field of engineering technology is currently used in numerical simulation methods are: the finite element method, the boundary element method and finite difference method, etc
3、., but the breadth of its usefulness and application, the main or the finite element method as a discretization numerical method, finite element method in structural analysis of the first application, and then in other areas has been widely used. The basic idea of the finite element method is to pla
4、ce objects into a finite number of discrete and interconnected by a certain way combination unit, to simulate or approximate the original object, thus a continuous problem is reduced to no degrees of freedom the freedom of the limited discrete A numerical degree of problem solving analysis. Discrete
5、 objects, through its analysis of each unit to unit, and ultimately get the whole object of the analysis. Meshing of each small block called the unit. Determine cell shape, cell connection point between the called node. Unit node to node, the internal force at the force, external load for the node.
6、ANSYS finite element package is a multi-purpose finite element method for computer design program that can be used to solve the structure, fluid, electricity, electromagnetic fields and collision problems. Reflected in the engineering advantages of the finite element method. Packaging production lin
7、e with copper low-speed shaft of hydraulic lifts for the study, using three-dimensional software, Pro / E to establish three-dimensional model, the three-dimensional model into ANSYS finite element model of the low-speed shaft linear static analysis and modal analysis, analysis of shaft deformation
8、and stress distribution, and find out the maximum deformation and stress positions, proposed improvement program axis to improve design reliability.Keywords: finite element method ANSYS Low-speed shaft ProE Modal analysis Introduction Elasticity of non-bar structure of the object, such as plate, she
9、ll, solid structure, the geometric characteristics of these structures is its thickness is much smaller than the length and width, or length, width and thickness of the same size of the three scales order of magnitude. When the finite element method for the analysis of elasticity problems, it is cal
10、led the elasticity problem with finite element method, or simply the finite element method. Elasticity analysis can be divided into analytical and numerical methods into two categories, can be expressed as Chapter 1 Finite Element MethodSection1 FEM Finite element method is a high performance, the c
11、ommonly used method. Finite element method in the early basis of variational principle is developed, it is widely used in the Laplace equation and Poisson equation describes the various physical fields (the type field and the extremal problem of functional closely linked). Since 1969, some scholars
12、in the application of fluid balance method in the weighted Galerkin method (Galerkin) or least square method to obtain the same finite element equation, which can be used in the finite element method described in any differential various types of physical field, while the physical field and no longe
13、r require such functional extremal problems have been linked. For the finite element method, the problem-solving steps can be summarized as: 1.Establishment of integral equations, or equations based on variational principle and the right margin of the principle of orthogonal functions, the establish
14、ment of initial boundary value problem with differential equations is equivalent to the integral expression, which is the starting point of the finite element method. 2.Regional unit subdivision, according to shape and to solve practical problems in the region of the physical characteristics of the
15、regional split into a number of interconnected, non-overlapping units. Regional units is the finite element method of preparatory work, this part of the relatively large amount of work, in addition to computing elements and node numbers and to determine the relationship between each other, should al
16、so be said that the location of the node coordinates, but also need to be listed a natural boundary and the number and nature of the boundary nodes the corresponding boundary value. 3.Determining unit basis function, according to the number of nodes and elements in the accuracy of the approximate so
17、lution requirements, choose to meet certain conditions, the interpolation function as the interpolation basis function units. Finite element method in the base function is selected in the unit, because each unit has a regular geometric shape, the base function is selected to follow certain rules. 4.
18、Unit Analysis: Solution of the functions of each unit by unit basis function approximation of a linear combination of expressions; then substituted into the integral equation approximation function, and the integral unit area, obtained with undetermined coefficients (that is, each node unit paramete
19、r values) of the algebraic equations, called the unit finite element equation. 5.Overall synthesis: the finite element equations in the unit after the draw, all the cells in the region according to certain laws of the finite element equation for accumulation, the formation of the general finite elem
20、ent equation. 6.Boundary conditions: There are three general forms of boundary conditions, into the essential boundary conditions (Dirichlet boundary conditions), the natural boundary conditions (Riemann boundary conditions), mixed boundary conditions (Cauchy boundary condition). The natural boundar
21、y conditions, generally in the integral expression can be automatically met. The essential boundary conditions and mixed boundary conditions, adjustment shall be the general rule on the amendment to satisfy the finite element equations. 7.Solution of finite element equation: According to the modifie
22、d boundary condition overall finite element equations is the unknown quantity to be determined with all the closed equations, numerical methods using the appropriate solution, can be obtained function value of each node.Section2 Basic Principles and Mathematical Concepts In the engineering field, al
23、though most issues have been the basic equations and boundary conditions, but not analytical solution. So the introduction of simplifying assumptions, the problem in the reduced state obtained under the approximate solution, due to the complexity of the problem, which often leads to the approximate
24、solution error is too large or even wrong conclusions. The finite element law is another way to retain the complexity of the problem, obtained by numerical calculation the approximate numerical solution of the problem. Finite element method the beginning of a continuum with a finite number of (but i
25、s a lot of) coordinates or degrees of freedom to approximate (but is the system) to be described. Of the structure can be a discrete number of structural units, these units are only a finite number of nodes in each hinge end. Each unit suffered physical and surface forces are known by the principle
26、of static displace the equivalent to the node, a node load. Usually calculated by the displacement method, taking an unknown node as the basic unknown displacement components. In order to obtain the node can be obtained after the stress of displacement, stress and unit must be established node displ
27、acement relationship, the stress transformation matrix S expression. Firstly, the geometric equations of elasticity to write unit strain and the relationship between node displacement matrix, said the strain matrix B, (1) Then the material constitutive (that is, the physical equations) to obtain ele
28、ment elastic matrix D, which launched with the expression node displacement element stress： (2)Note：S = DB。 Then consider the node element nodal force balance obtained with the relationship between node displacement, from matrix k e said, saying the element stiffness matrix. According to the princip
29、le of virtual work or minimum potential energy principle (balanced conditions), can also be derived using node displacement that the expression of nodal force. (3) Note：Element stiffness matrix is Principle of virtual work (or variational principles) can also export the equivalent nodal force unit.
30、Local finite element method is applied to establish the approximate solution of the whole domain of solutions of. First focus on a single unit to carry out the so-called unit analysis. Basic premise is that each unit should be as small as possible, so that its boundary value in the boundary changes
31、are also small. This can take the boundary conditions at the junction between the interpolation of a smooth function to approximate the unit is also easy to set up a simple approximate solution. So, instead of the classical approximation, the finite element method has obvious advantages. Such as the
32、 classical Ritz method requires selecting a function to approximate description of the whole solving the displacement region, and also satisfy the boundary condition, which is quite difficult. The finite element method using the block approximation, only an approximation of the displacement of a uni
33、t selection function, and do not consider the boundary conditions, taking into account only the continuity of the displacement between the units can be. For a complex geometry or materials, loads the actual structure of a mutant, not only is simple, and reasonably fit. Among the by-unit (one by one
34、node) to set the contribution stack (overall analysis), the generated stiffness matrix K (also known as the total just), array load F and structure of the array of node displacements and to establish the equilibrium condition expressed by the structure of the force - displacement relation, the so-ca
35、lled structural stiffness equation: (5) Geometric boundary conditions considered appropriate modifications, as shown in the above equation to solve linear algebraic equations of higher order to obtain all the unknown structure node displacement (with the matrix displacement method). Finally, using (
36、2) and has obtained all the nodes displacement calculation unit of the stress, and after finishing post-processing software to display the results. Unit displacement of any point in the relationship with the node displacement, from the selected model to determine the displacement. Displacement mode
37、shape function and the unit to be able to use the strain and stress to said node displacement, we must first assume a shift model, which assumes that the displacement components for the unit coordinates a function. Of course, these assumptions approximate the function value at the balance point shou
38、ld be equal to the displacement components of nodes. Chapter 2 Pro-E Modeling Section1 Modeling of the Low-speed Shaft Pro-E modeling process should pay special attention to units set up, because there are no units ANSYS, ANSYS, enter in the basic units (such as length, mass, time), the required uni
39、ts must be consistent. Something also needs to export some amount of direct input (such as force, pressure, etc.), this time to ensure that the export volume and basic physical quantities belong to the same system of units, or need to dimension conversion. Section2 Features and Benefits of Pro-E Pro
40、 / E using the module, it can be separately sketching, part production, assembly design, sheet metal design, processing, etc., to ensure that the user can choose according to their own needs to use. 1. Parametric design, relative to the products, we can put it as a geometric model, regardless of how
41、 complex geometric models can be decomposed into a limited number of form features, and characteristics of each form, you can use the limited parameters fully constrained, this is the parameter of the basic concepts. 2. Feature-based modeling, Pro / E is based on the characteristics of the solid mod
42、el of the system, engineers used a feature-based intelligence capabilities to generate models, such as cavity, shell, chamfer and rounded corners, you are free to sketching, easily change the model. The features provided to the project designers have never in the design of simple and flexible. 3. Si
43、ngle database (all related to Pro / Engineer is built on a unified database on the grassroots level, unlike some of the traditional CAD / CAM system based on multiple databases. The so-called single database that works in all the information from a database, making each individual user modeling for
44、a product to work, no matter which one sector. In other words, any of the design process changes took place, before and after the reaction can also be related to aspects of the design process. For example, if engineering detail has changed, NC (NC) tool path is automatically updated; assembly drawin
45、g any changes, but also exactly the same reaction in the entire three-dimensional model. This unique data structure and the combination of engineering complete, making a combination of product design. This advantage makes the design more optimized for higher quality products, better products to mark
46、et, prices are also cheaper. ANSYS combined with the advantages of this three-dimensional modeling software Pro-E and ANSYS finite element analysis software combined with the lift shaft speed three-dimensional design and finite element analysis. Pro-E has a strong solid and surface modeling capabili
47、ties, and ANSYS itself and the massage function is too complex, and the operational entities of the line model less than Pro-E, Pro-E so I chose to model and then import the ANSYS finite element analysis, in order to achieve complete part design and computer analysis. Chapter 3 ANSYS Implementation Process Section1 Software Solution 1. The basic concepts of finite element method finite element method, also known as finite element method, is used to find approximate solutions for complex engineering numerical methods . It is 1965,
