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1、超级中文标准网 超级中文标准网 MIL-DTL-5541F SUPERSEDING 替代MIL-C-5541E30 November 1990 1990年11月30日 DETAIL SPECIFICATION规范说明CHEMICAL CONVERSION COATINGSON ALUMINUM AND ALUMINUM ALLOYS铝和铝合金表面化学防护涂层 This specification is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense.该规范适用于美国国防部所有部门和机构
2、1. SCOPE1. 范围 1.1 of chemical conversion materials with the surfaces of aluminum and aluminum alloys1.1该规范适用于铝制品和铝合金表面由于化学材料反应而形成的防护涂层。1.2 The chemical conversion coatings are of the following types and classes. 分类.化学转换涂层分为以下类型和级别.1.2.1 Types. The chemical conversion coatings are of the following ty
3、pes (see 3.1):1.2.1 型号.化学转换涂层分为以下类型（见3.1）：Type I Compositions containing hexavalent chromium. 型号I-成分包含六价铬。Type II Compositions containing no hexavalent chromium.型号II-成分不包含六价铬。 1.2.2 Classes. The materials, which form protective coatings by chemical reaction withaluminum and aluminum alloys, are of t
4、he following classes (see 6.1 and 6.4).1.2.2 级别.铝制品和铝合金制品通过化学反应形成的保护涂层的材料，分为以下级别（见6.1和6.4） Class 1A - For maximum protection against corrosion, painted or unpainted. 级别1A-用于最大防腐蚀、上漆或未上漆的防护涂层Class 3 - For protection against corrosion where low electrical resistance is required 级别3-用于电阻值较低要求的防腐蚀涂层 2.
5、APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS2. 应用文件 2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are specified in sections 3 or 4 of this specification. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this specification or recommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort has
6、 been made to ensure the completeness of this list,document users are cautioned that they must meet all specified requirements of documents cited in sections 3 or 4 of this specification, whether or not they are listed.2.1 概述.该部分所列文件在标准的3或4部分做过说明。该部分没有包括在本标准其他部分所引用的文件或推荐的附加信息以及文中所举例子。为了尽量满足该列表的完整性，文
7、件使用者被要求必须满足3、4部分所引用文件的一切要求，不管其是否出现在列表中。 2.2 Government documents.2.2 政府文件 2.2.1. Specifications and standards. The following specifications and standards form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the soli
8、citation or contract.2.2.1 规范与标准。以下规范和标准形成该文件的扩展规范。除非另行说明，该文件的条款将被引用在招标和合同文件中。 FEDERAL STANDARDS 联邦标准 FED-STD-141 - Paint, Varnish, Lacquer and Related Materials: Methods of Inspection, Sampling and TestingFED-STD-141 油漆、清漆、漆器和相关材料：检测方法、采样和测试DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SPECIFICATIONS国防部规范 MIL-PRF-23377 -
9、Primer Coatings: Epoxy, High-SolidsMIL-PRF-23377 底漆涂层：环氧树脂、高固体MIL-DTL-81706 - Chemical Conversion Materials for Coating Aluminum and Aluminum AlloysMIL-DTL-81706 用于铝制品和铝合金的化学转换材料涂层MIL-PRF-85582 - Primer Coatings: Epoxy, WaterborneMIL-PRF-85582 底漆涂层：环氧树脂、水性 (Copies of these documents are available on
10、line at http:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch or http:/assist.daps.dla.mil or from the Standardization Document Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.这些文件的复印件可在网上获得，网址：http:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch 或http:/assist.daps.dla.mil，或通过从标准文件订单获得，地址：费城，4D大厦，700 Robb
11、ins大街，PA 19111-5094.) 2.3 Non-Government publications. The following documents form a part of thisdocument to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those cited in the solicitation or contract.2.3 非政府出版物。以下规范和标准形成该文件的扩展规范。除非另行说明，该文件的条款将被引用在招标和合同文件中
12、。 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)INTERNATIONAL美国国家测试与标准协会（ASTM）国际 ASTM-B117 - Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus, Operating. (DoD adopted)ASTM-B117 盐雾设备，操作（DoD采用）ASTM-D3359 - Adhesion By Tape Test, Measuring. (DoD adopted)ASTM-D3359 胶带粘性测试，测试（DoD采用） (Copies of these documents are available
13、 from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 or 该文件复印件可从ASTM国际协会获得，地址：100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 or ). MIL-DTL-5541F AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR QUALITY (ASQ) 美国质量协会（ASQ）ASQ-Z1.4 - Procedures, Sampling and Tables for Inspection byASQ-Z1.4 程序
14、、采样和列表的属性检测 (Copies of this document are available from American Society for Quality, 600 North Plankinton Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53203 or . 该文件复印件可从ASTM国际协会获得，地址：600 North Plankinton Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53203 or . ) SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS (SAE) INTERNATIONAL国际汽车工程师协会（SAE） SAE-AMS4027 - Alumin
15、um Alloy, Sheet and Plate, 1.0Mg-0.60Si-0.28Cu- 0.20Cr, (6061; -T6 Sheet, -T651 Plate) Solution and Precipitation Heat Treated. (DoD adopted) SAE-AMS4027 铝合金，板材，1.0Mg-0.60Si-0.28Cu- 0.20Cr, (6061; -T6 板, -T651 板)，热处理解决方法和沉淀。（DoD采纳） SAE-AMS4037 - Aluminum Alloy, Sheet and Plate, 4.4Cu-1.5Mg-0.60Mn, (
16、2024; -T3 Flat Sheet; -T351 Plate) Solution Heat Treated. (DoD adopted)SAE-AMS4037 -铝合金，板材，4.4Cu-1.5Mg-0.60Mn, (2024; -T3 扁才; -T351 板)热处理解决方法。（DoD采纳） (Copies of these documents are available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 or http:/www.sae.org. 该文件复印件可从国际汽车工
17、程师协会获得，地址：400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 or .) 2.4 Order of precedence. In the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regul
18、ations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 2.4 优先原则。当该标准文本与引用文件发生冲突时，优先选择文 3. REQUIREMENTS3. 要求 3.1 Materials. If no material type is specified type I shall be used. Unless otherwise specified in the contract or order, substitutions of either type I for type II, or type II for type I coat
19、ings are not permitted. The materials used to produce a chemical conversion coating shall be approved for the selected type, class, form, andapplication method in accordance with the qualification requirements ofMIL-DTL-81706 and shall have been accepted for listing on the applicable qualified produ
20、cts list (see 6.5). Replenishing chemicals, such as fluorides, added to a bath to maintain its efficiency, shall not degrade the performance of the coating being applied.3.1 材料。除非在合同和订单中另行规定，当没有相对应型号I的材料可以被使用时，不允许采用型号II代替型号I的材料或型号I的材料代替型号II。根据MIL-DTL-81706的要求以及应用高质量产品列表（见6.5）中的规定，对于产生化学防腐涂层的材料必须在选型、
21、级别、形状及应用方法等方面得到许可。对于化学添加剂，如为了保持生产效率的添加物氟化物，不得在涂层被产生时降低涂层的生成级别。 3.2 Cleaning. Prior to coating, the base metal shall be mechanically or chemically cleaned such that a water break-free surface is obtained after rinsing (see 6.6). Abrasives containing iron such as steel wool, iron oxide, rouge, or stee
22、l wire are prohibited for all cleaning operations. Treated parts that have become soiled shall be cleaned with materials that will remove the soil without damaging the base metal, the part, or the conversion coating. If the coating is damaged, the damaged area shall be recleaned and recoated or the
23、part shall be rejected.3.2 清洁。在产生涂层前，基层金属应该进行机械或化学清理，这样在漂洗后可在金属表面形成均匀水覆盖层（见6.6）。含有铁元素的摩擦物，如钢丝绒布、铁氧体、糙布以及钢丝刷禁止用在清洁过程中。当清理附着有泥土的部分时，不允许在清理过程中对基层金属或防腐涂层造成损伤。如果涂层被损伤，损害部分应当重新清洁并再次上涂层，否则产品将被拒收。 3.3 Application. Unless an application method is specified in the contract or order (see 6.4), the chemical con
24、version coating shall be applied nonelectrolytically byspray, brush, or immersion after all heat treatments and mechanical operations such as forming, perforating, machining, brazing, and welding have been completed (see 6.11 and 6.14). Assemblies containing nonaluminum parts that may be attacked, e
25、mbrittled, or damaged in any way by the conversion coating process shall not be coated as assemblies unless the nonaluminum parts are masked.3.3 应用。除非在合同或订单中另行规定应用方法（见6.4），在所有热处理以及机加工操作（成型、射孔、机加工、打磨和焊接）完成之后（见6.11和6.14），化学防腐涂层应当被应用在由于喷雾、浸泡和涂刷时的非电解状态下。装配时，包含非铝制品部件的部分（可能会在防腐涂层产生过程中受到冲击、脆化或损坏）不应当被上涂层（除非
26、该部分要求被覆盖）。 3.4 Touch-up. If specified in the contract or order, mechanically damaged areas from which the coating has been removed shall be touched up or rejected. The damaged areas shall be touched up with MIL-DTL-81706 material approved on QPL-81706 for the applicable type, class, form, and method
27、. The area to be touched up shall be not greater than 5 percent of the total item surface area (see 6.4 and 6.17).3.4 修补。如果在合同和订单中有规定，由于机械损伤而产生的涂层损坏部分应当被修补否则将被拒收。损坏部分的修补参见MIL-DTL-81706材料许可QPL-81706应用型号、形状和方法。修补面积不得超过单个产品总表面积的5%。（见6.4和6.17） 3.5 Appearance. The chemical conversion coating shall be con
28、tinuous in appearance and visibly discernible in daylight. It shall be free from areas of powdery or loose coating, voids, scratches, flaws, and other defects or damages which reduce the serviceability of parts or are detrimental to the protective value and paint bondingcharacteristics. The size and
29、 number of contact marks shall be minimal, consistent with good practice. If specified in the contract or order, contact marks shall betouched up with MIL-DTL-81706 material approved on QPL-81706 for the applicable type, class, form, and method to prevent localized corrosion (see 6.4 and 6.8).3.5 外观
30、。化学防腐涂层应当在日光下保持完整性和清晰性。任何可能会损坏部件实用性或降低防腐水平以及油漆表面性能的缺陷，如粉末化、漏涂、擦刮、裂痕以及空泡都不允许发生。合同标识的尺寸以及数字应当最小化，保持最佳实用性。如在合同以及订单中有规定，合同标识应根据MIL-DTL-81706材料许可QPL-81706应用型号、形状和方法来进行润色。 3.6 Performance characteristics.3.6 性能特点 3.6.1 Corrosion resistance. At the end of 168 hours of exposure to the 5 percent salt spray t
31、est specified in 4.4.1, test specimens (see 4.2.2) treated with the applicableclass of coating shall meet the following corrosion resistance requirements (see 6.14):3.6.1 防腐性能。根据4.4.1测试规定，经过168小时暴露在5%的盐雾喷射实验后，涂层应用级别处理的测试样本（见4.2.2）应当满足一下防腐性能要求（见6.14）：a. No more than 5 isolated spots or pits (see 6.9)
32、, none larger than 0.031 inch in diameter, per test specimen. Areas within 0.25 inch from the edges, identification markings, and holding points during processing or salt spray exposure shall be excluded. Loss of color shall not be cause for rejection.a.每个测试样本那个有超过5个绝缘点或坑（见6.9），每个直径不超过0.031英寸。从边缘开始的
33、0.25英寸范围之b.所有5个测试样本（盐雾试验）总体表面不得超过15个独立点坑，每个直径不得超过0.031英寸。 3.6.2 Paint adhesion (wet tape). When the production paint system (6.13) or the paint system specified in 4.2.2.1.1 is applied to the applicable test specimens (see 4.2.2), no intercoat separation shall occur between the paint system and the
34、conversion coating, or between the conversion coating and the base metal, when tested in accordance with4.4.2 (an adhesion rating of 4A or better according to ASTM-D3359 Procedure A) (see 6.12). If the conversion coated parts do not require painting for end use, the paint adhesion test may be omitte
35、d if specifically authorized by the acquisition activity (see6.4).3.6.2 油漆附着性能（湿性胶带）。当产品油漆系统（6.13）或4.2.2.1.1规定的油漆系统应用在测试样本中时（见4.2.2），根据4A中4.4.2（附着率）或根据ASTM-D3359程序A（见6.12），在油漆系统和防腐涂层之间，或者防腐涂层和基层金属之间不应产生中间涂层间隔。如果防腐涂层部分没有在最后被要求喷漆。则在采集性活动中经过官方许可，附着性测试可被省略（见6.4）。3.7 Electrical contact resistance of clas
36、s 3 coatings. Electrical contact resistance testing shall be as specified in the contract or order (see 6.4). The test method, frequency of testing, and required resistance values shall be specified by the acquisition activity to meet the needs of a particular application (see 6.1.2.1).3.7 涂层级别3的接触电
37、阻性能。在合同或订单中应当规定接触电阻性能测试（见6.4）。在采购活动中应规定测试方法、测试频率和电阻性能要求，以满足特殊应用的需求（见6.1.2.1） 3.8 Chemical analysis of the conversion solution. Chemical analysis of the conversion solution shall consist of concentration, pH, and temperature evaluations to determine that the bath is within the ranges specified by the
38、 chemical manufacturer (see 6.11).3.8转换方案的化学分析。转换方案的化学分析应包括浓度、PH值、温度评测以决定电解槽是在化学制造商规定范围之内（见6.11）。 3.9 Workmanship. The chemical conversion coatings covered by this specification shall be produced by treatments and processes that produce coated components as specified in this specification.3.9 工艺。该标准
39、所涉及的化学转化涂层应当是在处理过程中产生，因此生成的涂层材料符合本规范的规定。 4. VERIFICATION 验证 4.1 Classification of inspections. The inspection requirements specified herein are classified as follows:4.1 检测分级。对本标准的检测分级要求如下所示： a. Process control inspection (see 4.2). 过程控制检测（见4.2）b. Conformance inspection (see 4.3). 一致性检测（见4.3） 4.2 Pr
40、ocess control inspection.4.2 过程控制检测 4.2.1 Process control tests and solution analysis. Test specimens shall be tested inaccordance with table I and 4.2.1.1. In addition to the tests in table I, solution analysis shall be performed on all the processing solutions in the chemical conversion line (see
41、3.8) to verify that the chemical concentrations are within ranges established for optimum performance (see 6.11 and 6.14). Processcontrol tests are conducted to determine compliance of the chemicalconversion coatings with the requirements of this specification and areacceptable as evidence of the pr
42、operties being obtained with the equipment and procedures employed.4.2.1 过程控制测试与解决方案分析。测试样本应以表I和4.2.1.1节为标准进行测试。除了表I的测试，在所有化学转化列表中（见3.8）都要求对解决方案进行分析，以验证化学浓度在给出的最佳完成效果范围之内（见6.11和6.14）。过程控制测试的目的，是确定化学转化涂层与本规范要求以及在使用设备和程序过程中所获得的特性证据接受度的一致性。TABLE I. Process control tests.表I 过程控制测试 4.2.1.1 Frequency of p
43、rocess control testing and solution analysis. Solution analysis shall at a minimum be performed once every week (see 6.15). The process control tests specified in table I shall at a minimum be conducted on a monthly basis. In addition, the interval between each monthly test shall not exceed 35 days.
44、 Ifproduction in accordance with this specification is not performed for 35 days or more, process control tests and solution analysis shall be conducted at the restart of production.4.2.1.1过程控制测试与解决方案分析频率。解决方案分析至少一周一次（见6.15）。根据表I规定，过程控制测试周期要求至少以单月为基础。此外，每个月之间的间隔不得超过35天。如果生产中没有按照此要求完成，或超过35天完成，则过程控制测
45、试和解决方案分析需要重新进行。 4.2.2 Process control test specimens. Test specimens used for process control testing shall be 3 inches wide, 10 inches long, with a nominal thickness of not less than0.020-inch. The test specimens shall be processed with the hardware during an actual production run, including all pr
46、e- and post-treatment processes such as cleaning andrinsing, except as specified below. Unless otherwise specified in the contract or order (see 6.4), either of the following alloy options for the process control test specimens shall be used:4.2.2 过程控制测试样本。过程控制测试样本尺寸要求3英寸宽、10英寸长、平均厚度不得超过0.020英寸。在对样本
47、的测试过程当中，应当完全按照实际生产过程中的程序来进行，包括所有预处理和后期处理，如清洁和漂洗，如下文规定。除非在合同和订单中另行规定（见6.4），以下在过程控制测试样本的合金材料操作应使用： Option 1 - A set of test specimens shall be used for each alloy and temper treated during the monthly process control period.操作1 - 每月处理控制期间的用于回火处理和每种合金的一套测试样本。Option 2 - The test specimens shall be 2024-
48、T3 aluminum alloy in accordance with SAE-AMS4037 for class 1A coatings and 6061-T6 aluminum alloy test specimens in accordance with SAE-AMS4027 for class 3 coatings. Aluminum alloy 2024-T3 test specimens may be used in lieu of 6061-T6 test specimens for testing class 3 coatings (see 6.10). When castings are being processed and the cleaning procedures used are detrimental to the wrought test specimens, the test specimens shall be cleaned in a proper manner (see 3.
