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1、Scientific Outlook on Development and Protection of Historic DistrictWang strongAbout the author: Lecturer, Anhui Institute of Architecture & Industry, National Registered Urban PlannerAbstract: The scientific concept of development look at the work of the Historic Districts, Historic Districts of t
2、he work of the problems and difficulties in the protection of historical value and significance of block re-understanding of the work of the Historic Districts on the thinking and recommendations.Keywords: Scientific Concept of Development Historic District Protection Repair and reconstruction of sm
3、all-scaleFirst. IntroductionScientific concept of development derived from the October 2003 Plenary Session held in Communist China, and its basic meaning is people-oriented, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development, and promote the overall economic, social and human development. To fu
4、lly understand the objective law of development of the city to carry out scientific and rational urban planning, to promote the effective implementation of urban planning, they must establish and implement the scientific concept of development, which is the soul of a good job of urban planning and c
5、riteria; urban planning must be The scientific development concept to guide the city, the preparation and implementation of urban planning management, the scientific concept of development must be to measure and test . Historic Districts as an important urban planning, is no exception.China is a lon
6、g history and cultural heritage is very rich country. From a national perspective, all regions have a more historical and cultural heritage, the heritage of the region because of its situation and the times reflected the differences and showed a colorful scene, which to a large extent, also Constitu
7、te the features and characteristics in various regions. However, in recent years with the rapid development of urban construction in China, in particular, to increase protection of cultivated land in China, developing new ones less and less land available to real estate development focus to revitali
8、ze the old citys existing stock of land Trend, driven by economic interests, because their thinking and understanding, management mechanisms and planning methods, the lack of adequate protection of historical and cultural heritage of each region are subject to the enormous impact and challenges, his
9、toric districts as a good location (mostly Heart of the city), covering large (tapping the potential of a large space of land), environmental quality is low (a transformation of demand), the population of more (and more for vulnerable groups) and so on its own particularity, it is severely damaged.
10、Fuzhou region lanes and upgrading the destruction of residential areas on the local Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Ministry of Xuzhou City, Hill transformation of historical and cultural street block in residential areas such as the existence of discrete removal of the traditional empirical has been a
11、 common occurrence. Therefore, a very huge change in the current urban construction, in the interests of the supremacy of the market economy, the urgent need to adhere to the scientific concept of development, explore the historic district protection problems and contradictions, out of the protectio
12、n and development difficulties, the practical realization of the sustainable Historic District Development.Second. Look at the scientific development under the historical block protection problems and difficulties Since reform and opening-up, with Chinas economy continued to develop rapidly, the acc
13、eleration of urbanization, the impact of globalization of regional culture protection under the awakening, Chinas historical block protection work more and more get attention, and achieved considerable progress. But, if use scientific development concept to carefully examine and measure, at present
14、the historical block protection against still exists some scientific concept of development phenomena, problems and contradictions, it needs not only cause enough vigilant, need more profound discrimination to better promote protection work development. 2.1 of historic blocks protection and the cont
15、radiction between the tourism development In recent years, with the rapid development of tourism in our country, some historic blocks, due to its unique traditional styles and national characteristics and local characteristics, being increasingly as a tourism resources development, from the historic
16、al blocks should serve the masses, the development of the local economy perspectives, this too narrow. But due to protect the premise is tourism development, resulting in lack of awareness of the leading mechanism from the development concept, to some aspects of the planning and design of wrongdoing
17、, the historical block caused great destruction. Specific to see mainly displays in the following three aspects: One is the protection and development down under the old building false, from Beijing liu lichang dismantled traditional building built new original antique buildings started, the nationa
18、l have a chengde qing street, kaifengs song street, so the tang street before county ying, which makes the many had higher value of the historical block reformed into false antique . Although some false antique in the short term also has obtained certain economic benefits, so that the situation appe
19、ars are seeking to emulate, but ultimately due to its historical value fall, and gradually become not people dedicated object, tourism income decrease rapidly, historical and cultural heritage protection and tourist development go wrong for me. This form of development and construction with historic
20、al and cultural heritage protection contradict the expansive, resulting in the historical and cultural heritage of vandalism. Two is fame, borrow tourism development in the historical block development in some modern amusement facilities (such as: childrens playground, thrilling YuLeCheng, etc.). Ap
21、art from these modern amusement facilities characteristic of height, or about taste from its entertainment properties alone to see, all the atmosphere with historical block protection - one of the goals of the traditional styles and folk customs reflects the damage against the historical block, so t
22、he atmosphere and its historical value. Three are some place although no big demolition DaJian, but will all residents of the historical block, emigration all travel and entertainment to houses and other facilities. This practice is not only in understanding of the historical block connotation, more
23、 directly against the deviation of the scientific development concept people-oriented concept. Because, the historical block once lost the original inhabitants, namely, lost original life content, lost life authenticity, and away aboriginal, itself is on the residents interests of damage. The Washin
24、gton charter once pointed out: protection of historical towns and regions means of protection, the region preservation, restoration, development and harmony to adapt to modern life for various steps, new function and role should and adapt to the characteristics of historical area. So, this kind of p
25、ractice is essentially another kind of frauds, historical blocks will lose because only save shell, loses due historical connotation of flavor, and eventually going to decline with scientific development concept, which obviously advocated by curbing the ideas of sustainable development. 2.2 large-sc
26、ale renewal destroyed numerous valuable historical blocks The Beijing municipal government departments statistics show that only from 1990 to the end of 1998, Beijing has been dismantled the so-called piece of 420 million square meters. From the historical block protection perspective, so widespread
27、 dismantle old house there are at least two problems: First: Building a stones history books, a long history of these neighborhoods, the old house was demolished most of the above have hundreds or even hundreds of years of history, rich in historical and cultural information (some even very high His
28、torical and cultural value). If they exist, and their descendants can continue to be discovered and exploited, once all the demolition, sustainable development out of the question, and left behind can only be infinite regret.Second: historic landmarks and the surrounding old house is a whole environ
29、ment, will the big old house cultural relics surrounding demolished, only some belong to the old houses and yard cultural relics in there made abruptly, not only damaged precious historical and cultural resources, also destroyed the whole historical cultural environment, for those who keep down cult
30、ural relics also is very adverse. So-called skin MaoJiangYanFu the not kept. So, must implement the scientific development concept, in full development with its cultural buildings around to environmental as unified whole, implementing unified protection, and coordinated development. Based on this, S
31、huYi sir points out, if that is a mistake down walls, so today were making the second mistake, namely largely dismantled hutongs and siheyun and, therefore, he resolutely offered to defend Beijing hutongs and siheyun. 2.3 historical block protection with residents the contradiction between the livin
32、g environment improvement Owing to historical reasons, most of the historical blocks are there are a lot of dangerous, leakage of building houses and run-down. For example, the quo zi jian in Beijing area, nanluoguxiang siheyun bungalow reserves, drum tower region and its relevant section of houses
33、for 80 percent of the buildings, the class bungalow class bungalow architecture and quite a number of building architecture constitute the regions main life, work space and places, plus infrastructure condition is poor, a high population density, the overall environment quality deterioration, has se
34、riously influenced some of these important cultural relics. And as people the improvement of income level, residents want to improve the living environment of desire is more and more intense, this raises residents self-help transformation with historical block protection, the conflict between the sp
35、ecific performance in two aspects: One is the outstanding user self-help transformation problem is lack of social concern and support, although planning departments have the renewal and transformation of the relevant policies and regulations, but in some accounts frozen reconstruction regions, many
36、have enthusiasm, has the ability to transform the existing residential or business conditions for the user, renovation of the future, and not worry about reforming, thereby causing invest a lot of this class user makeshift idea. Visible, in the historical block frozen account, and no long-term recon
37、struction measures phenomenon, concrete are actually factitious ground is to move toward pleasure, its similar to western 1960s occur due planning mismanagement and cause areas decline. Two is large, small-scale residents of historic blocks construction make private traditional style gradually been
38、nibbled. First is set in the historical block, now build is very strong, management spontaneous in people dont accuse let bygones be bygones, officer aspect, this detrimental amount in the historical block protection of residence, good quality, also influence of historic blocks integral style. Secon
39、d is the problem, because re-construction management system and planning guide the inadequacy that go up, making many of the historical block re-construction (former dismantle the houses built) in the shape, size, form building etc. The overall style with the historical block fit, caused the histori
40、cal blocks of traditional features gradually been fretting. There is the local rebuilding or in private due to lack of maintenance management and guide, also influence of historic blocks integral style. 2.4 historical block protection and the contradiction between the real estate development For the
41、 historical block, many urban equate it with the old city residential blocks general view, not as a cultural and historical heritage of the object, especially to protect some cities that protection is trouble one-sidedly, and demolish a new, already save trouble and effect. Such as 1999 kunming as h
42、ost the world expo and the building boom in the old city, put in the historic well-preserved to tear down the street qingyun. Was ready to put the old traditional historical block left with only one author shengli hall around as a real estate development project is demolished, and have a real estate
43、 company for field investigation, formulate the planning and design scheme is totally removable old house worked on new building, in rows began implementing the end of 1999, when a national famous historical and cultural city 99 annual meeting held in kunming, the experts know, Mr. Such as joint onc
44、e-ailing text zhen xiaojie solemnly request to city leaders called for, the only surviving facilities.at the historical block, cant again making a serious mistake. This matter is very clearly shows some of the old city historical block is the current real estate for important goals, and if no long-t
45、erm vision, if the economic supremacy, mercenaries, cannot coordinate economic development and the historical culture protection, social progress and relationship, lack of scientific development view of the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development idea guidance, the consequences is sel
46、f-evident. Third. Scientific development theory of historical block protection of the value and significance of reunderstanding On the one hand, the historical block itself because save have true historical information remains (material entity) and fresh real life, and a certain scale and can be ful
47、ly reflect a certain historical period, a national or somewhere, with distinct features of the existing buildings, in real life, reflect the neighborhood a certain historical period of landscape features, its continuation of the city of historical context, the characteristics of local highlight, res
48、idents emotional memory etc has irreplaceable function and value, is the healthy and sustainable development of city construction based; On the other hand, our countrys historical and cultural heritage protection from the development perspective, due to historical and cultural city overall protectio
49、n (such as suzhou new old withdraw the protection methods of the universality and monomer) the limitation of historical building protection of historic blocks protection, makes a more important significance and value. Undoubtedly, historical block protection premise is to make sure that protection value and significance, only reveals the value and meaning to protect to comprehensively stimulate government, social organizations and all the residents conscious awarenes
