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1、中学生自主学习能力的培养To Foster the Ability about Self-Studying of Middle School StudentsContentsAbstract.1Key words.1I. Introduction.2II. The Present Situation of this Topic In and Abroad.2 1. The main researches aboard3 2. The development of this topic in China3III. New Roles for Teachers.4IV. Relationship
2、between Teaching and Learning.5V. The Importance and Necessity of Fostering the Students Self-Studying6VI. Problems in Self-studying of Middle School Students71. The wrong time.72. Unscientific.73. Unclear rules.8VII. The Main Tactics.8VIII. Conclusion.11References.11To Foster the Ability about Self
3、-Studying of Middle School StudentsAbstract: Educators on quality education believe that the students should be more conscious, initiative and creative in the English study period. In the whole teaching process, the teachers play the role of leading and organization, they should give enough space of
4、 thinking and exploring to the students. So the middle school students will get a further progress in the English study and enthusiastically learn the knowledge by themselves. Its a good way to improve the students self-studying ability. Meanwhile, during the study process, the students should fully
5、 arouse the ability hidden by themselves and we should try our best to create a better environment to the learner. Only by combining the factors in and out of the students can they improve their ability in the self-studying process effectively.Key words: learners; self-studying; ability;摘要：素质教育认为学生在
6、英语学习阶段应该发挥自觉性，积极性和创造性。在整个英语教学过程中。教师只起到一个组织和引导的作用。应将思维和探索的空间还给学生，所以中学生就会在英语学习中有长久的进步并充满热情的学习英语知识。这是提升学生自学能力的有效途径。同时，在这个学习过程中，学生应该充分激发自身的能力，我们也应该尽力营造一个良好的外部环境，只有内外因相结合，才能有效促进学习者的自主学习能力。关键词：学习者；自主学习；能力；I. Introduction Since the beginning of reform and opening up, our countrys English education scale is
7、 continuing to expand and we have made a great achievement on the educational study. However, the current situation of education in English still can not adapt to our countrys economic construction and the needs of social development, and also has a gap to the development of the times. So in modern
8、society, we have to change our traditional teaching forms, to foster the students positive emotional attitude, proactive thinking and bold in practicing, to increase the cross-cultural consciousness and the ability about self-studying. Then, teachers and students are all play an important role. Trad
9、itionally, teachers are viewed as instructors who explain exactly what the students should do. But in the classroom, the subject matter and the changes in the lesson objectives make it necessary for teachers to function in different roles. In the process of teaching as a teacher, it is very importan
10、t that how to motivate language learners. In addition, over the years, the process of teaching English in middle school, the teachers in classroom teaching always occupied the most of time, they put most of knowledge into the students brain and the students listen, remember and do a lot of exercises
11、 passively. But because of the teachers behavior, the students ability about self-studying was neglected. The students are not the educational main, but the target of knowledge. These methods of language teaching made the student to stay passive position for a long-term and lack of the ability about
12、 self-studying, which obtain weaker teaching efficiency. So give students some time to learn the textbook by themselves in the process of study, analysis and resolution, teachers only as a guidance allow the students to think and speak, allow students to take initiatively. Through this method, we no
13、t only enhance the students learning efficiency, but also improve the ability about self-studying of students. All in all, it is very important to foster the ability about self-studying of middle school students. II. The Present Situation of this Topic In and AbroadStudents ability about self-studyi
14、ng has been a buzzword in foreign Language teaching in the recent twenty years. Especially in western context, the concern with teaching and learning has shifted from the teachers teaching to the students learning. Some researchers even consider promoting learner autonomy. In China, Education Minist
15、ry has set the main goal of English teaching and learning as developing the students autonomous English learning in The New English Standard Course Standard for the Basic Education Stage. Be aimed at this topic, there are some points in and abroad. 1. The main researches aboardThere are many differe
16、nt points about how to foster the ability self-studying of middle school students from the foreign scholars. As Richards and Rodgers (1986) who are foreign scholars point out that teacher roles are related ultimately to assumptions about language and language learning at the level of approach. That
17、is, different approaches stipulate different roles for teacher. So without confining our discussion to one particular approach, it is good to talk about the teachers roles in language teaching. All of these need the teacher to foster the ability about self-studying of the students. Research studies
18、conducted by Rubin (1994) and H.H. Stern (1975) who are foreign scholars were based on closely-monitored classroom observations of language students which include learning and teaching in modern society.Both Rubin and Stern came up with a list of good language learner characteristics in terms of per
19、sonal characteristics, learning styles and strategies. They also believed that the language learners need to determine their own learning objectives independently, choose suitable material independently, evaluate the learning process independently and thinking and imagination by oneself, also like t
20、his, it will be possible for learners to control the learning process and to become the master of the learning process.2. The development of this topic in ChinaThere are also many different points about how to foster the ability about self-studying of middle school students from our country scholars
21、. Fonian Liu, one of the most famous scholar in the present of china, said that,“there are two abilities that play an important part in our daily life. One is the ability of self-studying and the other is the ability of independent-working.” He point out that the model of modern education focus on f
22、ostering the students ability, education must regards the students as the main-body and encourage the students to learn independently. Indeed, with the rapid development of the technology, the knowledge is increasing vastly, in order to keep pace with the information era, we should pay much attentio
23、n to our self-studying. For it is the key point during our study, but it is true that self-studying is still a weak point in teaching our middle school students. So how to foster the ability about self-studying of middle school students is a new course that worth our English teacher exploring.III. N
24、ew Roles for Teachers Classroom management is one of the most important factors that contribute to the efficiency of the teaching and learning activities. The most effective activities can be made almost useless if the teacher can not organize what goes on in the classroom. The goal of classroom man
25、agement is to create an conductive atmosphere to interact in English in meaningful ways. Efficient classroom management can be achieved when the following three conditions are met (The teacher plays appropriate roles; the students are grouped in a way suitable for the learning activities; There is d
26、iscipline and harmony in the class).Traditionally, teachers are viewed as instructors who explain exactly what the students should do. But in modern society, with the development of educational circles, it is very necessary for you to function in different roles. In fact, these changes strengthen yo
27、ur roles, making them more varied and more creative, you may have already experimented with some classroom activities (such as word game, small group activities, role play, brainstorming debate, etc.) Which help the teacher to foster the ability about self-studying of middle school students?Accordin
28、g to Kumaravadivelu (1994), who is a foreign scholar, strategic language teachers spend a considerable amount of time and effort (a) reflecting on the specific needs, wants situations and processes of learning and teaching; (b) stretching their knowledge, skills and attitudes to stay informed and in
29、volved; (c) exploring and extending instructional strategies to maximize the learning potential in the classroom; and (d) monitoring students ability to react to varied situations in meaningful ways. In addition, based on the functions that the teacher performs in different activities, Harmer who is
30、 also the foreign scholar defines the roles as controller, organizer, prompter, participant and resource-provider.So an excellent teacher wears many hats. As a teacher, your new teaching capacities should also include identifying students independence and helping students become more independent and
31、 confident. When students take more responsibility, more learning occurs, and both teachers and learners feel more successful. In English teaching, to foster the ability of self-studying of middle school students, we not only to help the students to set up the consciousness of self-studying, but als
32、o teach students establish the target of study and to formulate the plan of study, a teacher also needs to guide the students to grasp efficacious study methods. In addition, to set up an environment of self-studying is also important. Depending on the language proficiency level and the needs of you
33、r students, you can pattern your long-range goals on weeks, a month, two months or a semester. Depending on your teaching style and/or relationship with your students, you may spend a short period of time, or maybe even the whole year, concentrating on developing a student-centered learning classroo
34、m, helping them to reach their goals. All in all, in the whole teaching process, it is very important to foster the ability about self-studying of students.IV. Relationship between Teaching and Learning Fostering students ability of self-studying is one of the most important factors in English teach
35、ing and learning of middle school, and it is essential to students success in learning English. The friendly relation between the teacher and the students, the efficient learning methods and the active evaluation are the most important strategies in improving the ability of students autonomy learnin
36、g.In the past long time, the teacher was more important than the students in the process of teaching, teachers teaching is active, and the students learning is passive. But today, the teachers teaching and the students learning are all important and also need to change their roles. Many people consi
37、der the role of the teacher an important component and efficient classroom management; some researchers regard it as part of the design of a methodology or approach. As Richards and Rodgers (1986) who are foreign scholars on research the modern education for a long time, point out that teacher roles
38、 are related ultimately to assumptions about language and language learning at the level of approach. That is, different approaches stipulate different roles for the teacher. So without confining our discussion to one particular approach, it is good to talk about teachers roles in language teaching.
39、 All of these need the teachers to foster the ability about self-studying of the students. Research studies conducted by Rubin (1994) and H.H. Stern (1975) were based on closely-monitored classroom observations of language students which include learning and teaching in modern society.Then a teacher
40、s understanding of how a learner learns will determine his or her philosophy of education, teaching style, approach, methods and classroom techniques. The opportunity to perform is extremely important in the language learning process. So as future teachers, we must constantly be looking for better w
41、ays to help the students achieve final results as quickly as possible. Present English in most classes as a content subject is taught by using a teacher-centered approach. In order to adjust your teaching style to match the needs and expectations of your students, it is important to reorient your th
42、inking to the viewpoints that student learning is central and teaching is a process of facilitating learning.From above, in order to adapt the social development and foster many excellent students, then in our teaching process, it is a practical problem to deal with the relationship between the teac
43、hers and students well. V. The importance and necessity of fostering the students self-studyingThousands and millions of people in our country are foreign language learners. Merely every middle school student will learn English in school. However, quite a lot can not master this language well though
44、 they spend an amount of time, energy and money on it. On the basis of researching, the factors of influencing the study of students beside circumstance, teachers, impetus and so on, the most important factor is the ability about self-studying of students, so as a language teacher, to foster the abi
45、lity about self-studying of middle school students is very important for every foreign language learners in middle school, only do this, we can develop the students interest of studying and help them reach the successful target. I think the research on this subject will give us a lot of information
46、about our education in modern society.Then what is self-studying? Why we need to foster the ability about self-studying of middle school students? Indeed, self-studying means to allow students become the main-body in the process of studying, which is to allow students to participate the learning act
47、ivities actively. But that the students become the main-body really not only refers to the target of teaching to promote the students objectives, it more refers that the teaching process is developed with inner contradiction of learning, self-studying also is students self-education, self-potential
48、and self-up process.Over the years of the process of teaching English in middle school, the teachers in classroom teaching always occupied the most of time, they will put most of knowledge into the students brain and the students listen, remember and do a lot of exercises passively. But because of the teachers behavior, the students ability about self-s
