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1、英语语言学平时测验及答案Quiz I. True or False (50%) 1. Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language. ( T ) 2. Linguistics studies particular language, not language in general. ( F ) 3. A scientific study of language is based on what the linguists think. ( F ) 4. In the study of linguisti
2、cs, hypotheses formed should be based on language facts and checked against the observed facts. ( T ) 5. Phonetics is different from phonology in that the latter studies the combinations of the sounds to convey meaning in communication. ( T ) 6. Morphology studies how words can be formed to produce
3、meaningful sentences. ( F ) 7. English is a typical tone language. ( F ) 8. The basic principle of IPA is using a different letter for each distinguishable speech sound. ( F ) 9. Both phonology and phonetics are studies of speech sound. ( T ) 10. The assimilation rule assimilates one sound to anothe
4、r by “copying” a feature of a sequential phoneme, thus making the two phones similar. ( T ) 11. The writing system of a language is always a later invention used to record speech; thus there are still many languages in todays world that can only be spoken, but not writing. ( F ) 12. The open-class w
5、ords include prepositions. ( F ) 13. In classifying the English consonants and vowels, the same criteria can be applied. ( F ) 14. By synchrony we mean to study language change and development. ( F ) 15. Parole refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.
6、 ( F ) 16. Only words of the same parts of speech can be combined to form compounds. ( T ) 17. Animal call systems are not genetically transmitted. ( F ) 18. The English spelling exactly represents its pronunciation. ( F ) 19. The number of closed class words is stable forever. ( F ) 20. The assimil
7、ation rule assimilates one sound to another by “copying” a feature of a sequential phoneme, thus making the two phones similar. ( T ) 21. The part of speech of the compound is always determined by the part of speech of the second element, without exception. ( F ) 22. A productive morphological rule
8、can be applied to all words. ( F ) 23. Sometimes derivation can apply more than once and it is possible to create multiple levels of word structure. ( T ) 24. Both inflectional morphemes and derivational morphemes are bound morphemes. ( T ) 25. The meaning of a compound can be derived from the meani
9、ngs of its constituent morphemes. ( F ) II. Multiple Choice Items (50%) 1. Language users can send messages which no one else has ever sent before, which results from _of language. ( B ) A. displacement C. arbitrariness D. universality as _.( A ) A. liquids C. stops D. fricatives B. affricates B. pr
10、oductivity 2. In terms of manner of articulation, the English consonants 1 and r are classified 3. The morpheme “-al” in the common word “literal” is a(n) _.( B ) A. root B. derivational affix C. inflectional affix D. free morpheme 4. Often referred to as a design feature of language, _ enables spea
11、kers to produce and understand an infinite number of sentences that they have neither spoken nor heard before. ( B ) A.duality B.productivity C.displacement D.arbitrariness 5. _ phoneticians study speech sounds from the speakers point of view.They study the process of how a speaker uses his/her spee
12、ch organs to produce sounds.( C ) A.Articulatory B.Auditory C.Acoustic D.General 6. Morphemes such as -er, -en, in-are all called _.( C ) A.free morphemes B.inflectional morphemes C.affixes D.roots 7. There is a difference between what we know, which is our linguistic competence, and how we use this
13、 knowledge in actual speech production and_, which is our linguistic performance. ( B ) A. creation B. communication C. comprehension D. perception 8.The sounds that begin and end the words church and judge are voiceless and voiced _,respectively. ( A ) A. affricates B. stops C. velars D. palatals 9
14、.Morphemes which represent such grammatical categories as number, tense, gender, and case are called _ morphemes. ( D ) A. free B. bound C. derivational D. inflectional 10. If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be _. ( D ) A. prescriptive B. ana
15、lytic C. descriptive D. linguistics 11. Modern linguistics regards the written language as _. ( B ) A. primary B. correct C. secondary D. stable 12. A historical study of language is a _ study of language. ( B ) A. synchronic B. diachronic C. prescriptive D. comparative 13. Language is said to be ar
16、bitrary because there is no logical connection between _ and meaning. ( B ) A. sense B. sounds C. objects D. ideas 14. The distinction between vowels and consonants lies in _. ( B ) A. the place of articulation B. the obstruction of airstream C. the position of the tongue C. the shape of the lips 15
17、. What phonetic feature distinguish the “p” in “please” and the “p” in “speak”? ( B ) A. voicing B. aspiration C. roundness D. nasality 16. The famous quotation from Shakespeares play “Romeo and Juliet” “A rose by any other name would smell as sweet” well illustrates_.( A ) A. the arbitrary nature o
18、f language B. the creative nature of language C. the universality of language D. the big difference between human language and animal communication 17. Of the following sound combination, only _ is permissible according to the sequential rules of phonology in English. ( A ) A. bilk B. bkil C. ilkb D
19、. ilbk 18. What the element “-es” indicates is third person singular, present tense, the element “-ed” past tense, and “-ing” progressive aspect. Since they are the smallest unit of language and meaningful, they are also_.( C ) A. phonemes B. morphemes C. allophones D. phones 19. The study of langua
20、ge as a whole is often called _ linguistics. ( B ) A. particular B. general C. ordinary D. generative 20. The word “boyish” contains two _.( A ) A. morphemes B. morphs C. phonemes D. allophones 21. As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not to lay do
21、wn rules for “correct” linguistics behavior, it is said to be_.( C ) A. prescriptive B. sociolinguistic C. descriptive D. psycholinguistics 22. Of all the speech organs, the _ is/are the most flexible. ( B ) A. mouth B. lips C. tongue D. vocal cords 23. The morpheme “vision” in the common word “tele
22、vision” is a(n)_. ( D ) A. bound morpheme B. bound form C. inflectional morpheme D. free morpheme 24. In terms of the place of articulation, the following sounds t d s z n share the feature of _.( B ) A. palatal B. alveolar C. bilabial D. dental 25. According to Chomsky, _ is the ideal users internalized knowledge of his language. ( A ) A. competence B. parole C. performance D. langue Answer sheet I. 1-5: TFFTT 6-10: FFFTT 11-15: FFFFF 16-20:TFFFT 21-25: FFTTF II. 1-5: BABBC 6-10: CBADD 11-15: BBBBB 16-20:AACBA 21-25: CBDBA
