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1、As引导的从句As引导的从句 1. 引导时间状语从句， 作当的时候，其特点为： 1) 用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行，指一边,一边。如: The girl dances as she sings on the stage. 这个孩子在舞台上载歌载物。 He looked behind from time to time as he went forward. 他边走边不时地回头看。 2)表示两个同步发展的动作或行为,译为随着。如： As time went on / by, she became more and more worried. 随着时间的流失，她越发担心。 As childr
2、en get older, they become more and more interested in the things around them. 3)表示两个短促行为或事件几乎同时发生。如: I thought of it just as you opened your mouth. Just as the flying worm hit her face, she gave a loud cry. 4) 后接名词表示某一年龄段时，用as。如: As a young man, he was active in sports. 注意与when、 while的用法区别： 1）when作当
3、的时候解，可以指较短的(一点)时间，也可指一段时间从句的动作可以与主句的动作同时发生，也可以先于主句的动作发生。如： When he was at college, he could speak several foreign languages. 他上大学时能讲好几门外语。 When the clock struck twelve, all the lights in the street went out. 当钟敲响12点时，街上所有的灯都熄灭了。 2）while从句中的动词是可延续性动词，表示一段较长的时间或一个过程，主句动作与从句动作同时进行或在从句动作过程中发生。如： Work wh
4、ile you work. Play while you play. 工作时工作，娱乐时娱乐。 2. 引导原因状语从句 作既然、由于解，相当于since，常用来表示已为人们所知或显而易见的原因或理由。如： As youre not feeling well, you may stay at home. 既然你身体不好，你还是留在家里吧。 注意与because，since的差别：because表示的语气最强，表示一种直接的原因； since常常用在书面语中，表示多为对方已知的、或稍加分析便可得知的原因，有时可译作既然；而as在引导原因状语从句时一般放在句首，语气较弱，较口语化。例如： He wi
5、ll succeed because he is in earnest.他一定会成功，因为他很认真。 Since you are so sure of it hell believe you.既然你对此如此有把握，他会相信你的。 As rain has fallen, the air is cooler. 因为下过雨，空气比较清爽。 3. 引导方式状语从句 作像、按照的方式解。如: You must do everything as I do.你必须要照我的样子去做。 She stayed in bed as the doctor had told her. 她依照医生的吩咐卧床休息。 Lea
6、ve it as it is.把它维持原状好了。 注意与as if, as though的区别。as though/if引导方式状语从句时的含义是“好像、似乎”。如果从句所表示的情况是事实或具有很大的可能行，从句中通常使用直陈语气；如果as if从句描述的是非现实的情况或纯属假设，从句则应使用虚拟语气。另外，as if引导的从句有时用省略形式，一般是省略和主句相同的主语和动词be。例如：He always talks to me as if he were my brother. 他总是以哥哥的口气跟我说话。The boy is running here and there as if (he
7、 were) searching for something lost on the sports ground. 这个孩子跑来跑去，好像是在找丢在操场上的东西似的。He acts as if (he were) a fool.他表现得像个傻子。 4引导比较状语从句。 在as.as.或not so/ as.as.中，前一个as是副词，后一个as是连词，它所引导的比较状语从句多使用省略形式。如: They helped the old man as often as (it is) possible. 他们尽可能经常地帮助那位老人。 I dont speak English so/ as wel
8、l as he ( speaks English). 我讲英语没有他那么好。 几个关于as.as的常见句型： 1) as.as possible Please answer my question as soon as possible.请尽快回答我的问题。 2) as.as usual/before She looks as pretty as before.她看起来和以前一样漂亮。 另外，一些as.as结构也常作为习语而使用： as busy as a bee像蜜蜂一样忙碌 as easy as ABC 像ABC一样容易 as deep as a well 像井一样深 as light a
9、s a feather像羽毛一样轻 as soft as butter 像黄油一样软 as rich as a Jew 像犹太人一样富裕 5. 引导让步状语从句 as引导的让步从句必须是倒装的形式，倒装的形式是：1）提前表语2）提前状语3）提前动词原形。例如： Child as he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. 尽管他是个孩子，他却知道什么是该做的事情。 Try as he might, he failed in the exam. 尽管他努力了，可还是考试没及格。 Much as I like it, I cant afford
10、the laptop. 虽然我非常喜欢这部笔记本电脑，我却买不起。 注意与though和although的区别：although 和though也可以引导让步状语从句，含义是“虽然，尽管”，但as所表示的语气较强，引导的让步状语从句用倒装语序；although语气稍正式些，它所引导的从句可放在句首，也可放在句中，主句中不能再用but，但可以用yet，它所引导的从句不能倒装；though引导的让步状语从句最为常用，它所引导的从句既可和as从句一样倒装，也可以使用正常语序。另外though和although所引导的从句在主句的主语和从句的主语一致，且从句的谓语动词有be时，从句的主语和be动词可以
11、省略。例如： Although he is quite old, he still jogs every day.他虽然年纪相当大，仍然每天慢跑。 Though (it is) not very large, the room is very lit and comfortable to live in. 尽管房间不大，但采光很好，而且住起来很舒服。 Although (he was) born in Chicago, the author is most famous for his stories about New York City. 这位作家虽然出生在芝加哥，但他却以关于纽约的故事而
12、闻名。 6用作关系代词引导定语从句。 关系代词as引导定语从句时，既可以引导非限制性定语从句，也可以引导限制性定语从句。as引导限制性定语从句时先行词一般被the same, such等词修饰时。例如: Such a good film as you described is well worth seeing.你所描述的这么一部好电影是很值得一看的。 Im reading the same book as he bought yesterday. 我在读一本和他昨天买的一样的书。 as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词通常是一个句子或句子中的一部分。例如： She is late, as is
13、often the case.她迟到了，这是经常的事。(先行词是整个主句) To shut your eyes to facts, as many of you do, is very foolish.对事实视而不见-你们好多人都是如此，是非常愚蠢的。(先行词是不定式短语) 注意和which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰一个句子时的差异：1）as引导的定语从句的位置十分灵活，可以置于主句的前或后，也可以插在主句的中间，而which引导的定语从句只能置于主句的后面。例如： As we all know now, heavy objects and light objects fall at the
14、same speed unless air holds them back. = Heavy objects and light objects fall at the same speed unless air holds them back, as we all know now. = Heavy objects and light objects, as we all know now, fall at the same speed unless air holds them back. 正如我们都知道的那样，轻重物体以相同的速度下降，除非是空气阻碍它们。 Bamboo is hollo
15、w, which makes them very light.竹子是中空的，这使竹子非常轻。 2）as在指代所修饰的句子的同时，依然保留着其作为连词的含义，有“正如，好像，像”之义；which仅单纯地指代其所修饰的句子所体现的含义。例如： As we expected, he succeeded in passing the exam. 正如我们所预料的那样，他通过了考试。 He was late this morning, which surprised us very much. 今天早上他迟到了，这让我们非常惊讶。 3）as 多在从句中作宾语，仅在as is known、as is re
16、ported、 as is said、 as is announced等被动形式的定语从句中作主语；which多在从句中作主语，但当非限制性定语从句中有宾语补足语时，which也可以作宾语。例如： She has made rapid progress, which delighted her parents.她进步迅速，这让她父母很高兴。 Great wrong was done to him, as anyone can see. 他蒙受了巨大的冤屈，这是尽人皆知的事情。 Betty told a lie, which her parents found strange. 贝蒂撒谎了 1.
17、The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stay
18、ed 4.Do you know the year _the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.The factory _well visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 6.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _we are working. A. where B. that C.
19、 which D. there 7.This is one of the best films _. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 8Can you lend me the book _the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 9.The pen _h
20、e is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 10.I want to use the same dictionary _was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 11.He isnt such a man _he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 12.He is good at English, _we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 13.
21、I dont like _ as you read. A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels (A) 6.He started early _ he could get there before nine. A. in order that B. because C. so as to D. in order to (B) 7.They waited _ it was dark outside. A. since B. until C. so D. while (B) 8.Mike is _ boy that
22、 we all like him. A. a good so B. so good a C. a such good D. such good a (D) 9.It was _that they wanted to go for a picnic in the country. A. such a fine weather B. so fine a weather C. a fine weather so D. such fine weather (B) 10.Mother was doing some cooking _ father was reading a newspaper. A.
23、when B. while C. whether D. since (C) 11.Ships are_ than planes that few people take them on business. A.too much slower B. very much slower C. so much slower D. much more slower (B) 12.They had started harvesting rice _ the rain began. A. after B. before C. since D. as 电学实验专题及拓展练习 初中电学实验包括: 1、探究串、并
24、联电路电流的规律； 2、探究串、并联电路电压的规律； 3、探究电流与电压、电阻的关系； 4、伏安法测电阻； 5、伏安法测小灯泡的电功率； 6、探究电流通过导体产生的热量与电流、电阻、通电时间的关系。 其中3、4、5三个实验是重点实验，相关的中考考点有： 探究电流与电压、电阻的关系 1.分析实验故障 2.分析数据得出实验结论 3.实验方法：控制变量法 4.画电路图、连接电路实物图、量程选择 5.滑动变阻器的作用：改变电流、电压 6.根据数据画I-U图像、分析I-U图像 7.设计实验表格 伏安法测电阻 1.分析实验故障 2.分析表格数据 3.电流表或电压表读数,计算电阻阻值 4.实验原理连接实验电路图 5.计算电流变化范围,选择量程 6.滑动变阻器的作用:改变电流电压 伏安法测小灯泡的电功率 1.分析实验故障 2.分析数据、设计实验表格 3.画电路图、连接实物图、量程选择 4.连接电路注意事项 5.电流表电压表的读数、计算额定功率 6.滑动变阻器的作用:改变电流、电压 7.分析灯丝电阻与温度关系 8根据题目条件选实验
