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1、Three days to See 英文翻译参考译文1. 课文一 2. 课文二 Text 1 Three Days to See by Helen Keller 课文一 假如我有三天光明 海伦凯勒 Helen Keller, blind and deaf from infancy, 海伦凯勒自幼就又盲又聋，在老师became a successful lecturer, author and educator 的帮助下成为一名成功的讲师、作家及教with the help of her teacher. In the following 育家。在这篇文章里，海伦凯勒讨论了essay, she
2、discussed how people should value their 人们应该怎样珍惜自己 的视觉能力 ability to see. All of us have read thrilling stories in which 我们大家都读过这样一些惊心动魄的the hero had only a limited and specified time to 故事，故事中的主人公 能活的时间有限live. Sometimes it was as long as a year; sometimes 而具体，或长达一年，或短至24小时。as short as twenty-four ho
3、urs. But always we were 但是我们总是感兴趣的是，行将死亡的人interested in discovering just how the doomed man 究竟愿意怎样度过他的最后时光。当然，chose to spend his last days or his last hours. 我说的是能进行选择的自由人，而不是活I speak, of course, of free men who have a choice, 动范围受到严格限制的囚犯。 not condemned criminals whose sphere of activities is stric
4、tly delimited. 这些故事启迪我们思考，诱发我们想Such stories set us thinking, wondering what 象，当我们处于此类情况时，该怎么做we should do under similar circumstances. What 呢？作为常人，我们在最后的时刻会急于events, what experiences, what associations 想干些什么，体验些什么，联想些什么should we crowd into those last hours as mortal 呢？回首往事时，我们又能领略到何种快beings? What ha
5、ppiness should we find in reviewing 慰，何种悔恨呢？ the past, what regrets? Sometimes I have thought it would be an 有时我想，如果我们度过每一天时都excellent rule to live each day as if we should 假定明天即将去世，这会是个极好的准die tomorrow. Such an attitude would emphasize 则。这样的处世态度会强烈地突出生命的sharply the values of life. We should live ea
6、ch 价值。我们会亲切地、朝气蓬勃地、感受day with a gentleness, a vigor, and a keenness of 强烈地来度过每一天，而这一切却往往在appreciation which are often lost when time 日复一日延续的时光与岁月之中消失。当stretches before us in the constant panorama of 然，有些人会奉行享乐主义“吃喝玩乐”more days and months and years to come. There are 的信条，但是大多数人则会因死亡就在眼those, of cours
7、e, who would adopt the Epicurean 前而使心灵得到净化。 motto of “Eat, drink, and be merry;” but most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death. In stories, the doomed hero is usually saved 在故事中，那死神呼唤的主人公通常在最后时刻交上好运而获得拯救 ，但他的价值观几乎总是发生了变化。他更加珍at the last minute by some stroke of fortune, but
8、视生命的意义及其永恒而神圣的价值。人almost always his sense of values is changed. He 们常常注意到，那些生活在或者曾经生活becomes more appreciative of the meaning of life 在死亡的阴影下的人 ，对他们所做的每and its permanent spiritual values. It has often 一件事都赋予甜美的色彩。 been noted that those who live, or have lived, in the shadow of death bring a mellow s
9、weetness to 然而，我们中间大多数人则把生命视everything they do. 为理所当然。我们知道，总有一天我们会Most of us, however, take life for granted. 死去，但通常我们又把那一天想象为遥远We know that one day we must die, but usually we 的未来。当我们身体健康时，死亡是件难picture that day as far in the future. When we are 以想象的事，我们几乎不会想到它。岁月in buoyant health, death is all but
10、unimaginable. 无穷，因此我们忙于种种琐事，几乎意识We seldom think of it. The days stretch out in an 不到我们漠然的生活态度。 endless vista. So we go about our petty tasks, hardly aware of our listless attitude toward life. 我们在使用感觉功能时，恐怕也持同The same lethargy, I am afraid, characterizes 样的冷漠态度。只有聋者才知道听觉的重the use of all our facultie
11、s and senses. Only the 要，只有盲人才理解视觉给人带来的各种deaf appreciate hearing, only the blind realize 恩赐。这一观点特别适用于那些在成年后the manifold blessings that lie in sight. 才丧失视觉和听觉的人。而那些视觉和听Particularly does this observation apply to those 觉从未受到损害的人 ，则很少充分利用who have lost sight and hearing in adult life. But 这些神圣的官能。他们的眼睛和
12、耳朵模糊those who have never suffered impairment of sight 地、漫不经心地、不加欣赏地纳入所有的or hearing seldom make the fullest use of these 景象和声音。还是那句老话： 东西丢失blessed faculties. Their eyes and ears take in all 后方知珍贵，直到生病时才思健康。 sights and sounds hazily, without concentration, and with little appreciation. It is the same
13、old story of not being grateful for what we have until we lose it, of not being conscious of health until we are ill. I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life. Darkness would make him more app
14、reciative of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound. 我常常想，如果每个人在刚成年时某个时候能失明或失聪几天，这或许将是件喜事。黑暗将使他更加珍视景象；而寂静则将教他领略声音的欢乐。 以Now and then I have tested my seeing friends 我不时考一考我的有视力的朋友，最近一位好朋友来to discover what they see. Recently I was visited 了解他们看到了什么。她是在林中溜达了好一会儿才回来by a very good friend who ha
15、d just returned from 看我，a long walk in the woods, and I asked her what she 的，我问她观察到了些什么。“没什么特had observed. “Nothing in particular,” she 别的东西，”她答道。要不是我对类似的我是会觉得难以置replied. I might have been incredulous had I not 反应已习以为常的话，been accustomed to such responses, for long ago 信的。其实，我早已深信：有视力者所见I became conv
16、inced that the seeing see little. 甚少。 How was it possible, I asked myself, to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worthy of note? I who cannot see find hundreds of 我问自己，在林中溜达了一个小时而things to interest me through mere touch. I feel 竟未看到什么值得注意的东西，这怎么可the delicate symmetry of a leaf. I pas
17、s my hands 能呢？我这个看不见东西的人，仅凭触摸lovingly about the smooth skin of a silver birch, 就发现千百种使我感兴趣的东西。我感觉or the rough shaggy bark of a pine. In spring I 到树叶精致的对称。我用手爱抚着光滑的touch the branches of trees hopefully in search 白烨树皮，或是粗糙的松树皮。春天里，of a bud, the first sign of awakening Nature after 我满怀希望地触摸树枝，寻找一个幼芽-he
18、r winters sleep. I feel the delightful, velvety 大自然经过冬日沉睡重又苏醒的最初征texture of a flower, and discover its remarkable 兆。我摸着花朵上那可爱的天鹅绒般的质convolutions; and something of the miracle of 地，以及它那叠合巧妙的花苞，于是我领Nature is revealed to me. Occasionally, if I am 略到了某种大自然的神奇。偶尔，如果十very fortunate, I place my hand gently
19、 on a small 分幸运的话，我把手轻轻搭在一棵小树tree and feel the happy quiver of a bird in full 上，能感到一只小鸟儿尽情欢歌的颤动。song. I am delighted to have the cool water of a 我非常高兴让清凉的溪水流过我张开的brook rush through my open fingers. To me a lush 手指。对我来说，那厚密的松针层或茂盛carpet of pine needles or spongy grass is more 松软的草地比豪华的波斯地毯更惬意；对welcom
20、e than the most luxurious Persian rug. To 我来说，四季的变幻多姿宛如一出动人心me the pageant of seasons is a thrilling and 弦永不尽止的戏剧，它的情节似流水从我unending drama, the action of which streams 指尖缓缓流过。 through my finger tips. At times my heart cries out with longing to 我的心时时在呼喊，渴望能见到所有see all these things. If I can get so muc
21、h pleasure 这一切。如果我单靠触摸就能获得如此多from mere touch, how much more beauty must be 的乐趣，那么通过视觉则能领略到更多美revealed by sight. Yet, those who have eyes 景！可是，那些视觉完好的人显然所见甚apparently see little. The panorama of colour and 少。大千世界的五光十色与千姿百态被认action which fills the world is taken for granted. 为是理所当然。对已获得的不以为然，而It is hu
22、man, perhaps, to appreciate little that 对未获得的却期盼不已，这一点或许是人which we have and to long for that which we have 类的特性，可是，非常遗憾，在光明的世not, but it is a great pity that in the world of 界里，天赐的视觉只被当作一种单纯的方light the gift of sight is used only as a mere 便，而不是一种使生活日益完美的手段。 convenience rather than as a means of addi
23、ng fullness to life. 如果我是大学校长，我就要开设一门If I were the president of a university I 必修课，“如何使用你们的眼睛”。教授should establish a compulsory course in “How to 应尽力向学生演示，如何做到真正看见那Use Your Eyes”. The professor would try to show 些从他们面前不知不觉溜掉的东西，从而his pupils how they could add joy to their lives 为自己的生活增添快乐。他将尽力唤醒他by r
24、eally seeing what passes unnoticed before 们那些昏睡懒散的感官。 them. He would try to awake their dormant and sluggish faculties. 假定你在开动脑筋研究这一问题：如Suppose you set your mind to work on the 果你只有三天的视力，你将如何使用你的problem of how you would use your own eyes if you 眼睛呢？如果你知道，当第三天的黑夜来had only three more days to see. If w
25、ith the 临，太阳就永远不再为你升起，你将如何oncoming darkness of the third night you knew that 度过这宝贵的三天呢？你最想让你的目the sun would never rise for you again, how would you spend those three precious intervening days? 光落在何处？ What would you most want to let your gaze rest upon? 我当然最愿意看的，是那些在我整个 I, naturally, should want most
26、 to see the 失明岁月里对我已变得亲切的东西。你也things which have become dear to me through my 会想让你的目光长久地停留在那些对你years of darkness. You, too, would want to let your 已变得亲切的东西上，这样你就可以把对eyes rest long on the things that have become dear 它们的记忆带进那悄然而来的漫漫长夜to you so that you could take the memory of them 中去。 with you into t
27、he night that loomed before you. 我要看看那些待我仁慈、温和、友好，I should want to see the people whose kindness 从而使我的生活变得有价值的人。首先，and gentleness and companionship have made my life 我要好好地端详我的恩师安沙利worth living. First I should like to gaze long upon 文梅丝夫人的脸。她在我年幼的时候就the face of my dear teacher, Mrs. Anne Sullivan 来到我
28、身边，替我打开了外部世界。我不Macy, who came to me when I was a child and opened 仅想看她的脸形，以便能把它珍藏在我的the outer world to me. I should want not merely 记忆中，而且还想细细揣摩这脸容，为她to see the outline of her face, so that I could 那柔情与耐心找到活生生的证据，她正是cherish it in my memory, but to study that face 怀着这种柔情与耐心完成了教育我的艰and find in it the
29、living evidence of the 巨任务。我想在她的眼中看到那种使她坚sympathetic tenderness and patience with which 定地面对各种困难的个性的力量，以及那she accomplished the difficult tasks of my 种经常在我面前流露出来的对全人类的education. I should like to see in her eyes that 同情心。 strength of character which has enabled her to stand firm in the face of difficu
30、lties, and that compassion for all humanity which she has revealed 我不知道，透过心灵之窗，即眼睛，to me so often. 来探视一个朋友的心是怎么回事。我只能I do not know what it is to see into the heart 通过我的指尖来看一张脸的轮廓。我能of a friend through that “window of the soul”, 探察到欢笑、忧伤和许多其他明显的感the eye. I can only “see” through my finger tips 情。我根据触
31、摸脸庞的感觉来辨认朋友，the outline of a face. I can detect laughter, 但是我的确不能靠触摸来描绘出他们的sorrow, and many other obvious emotions. I know 个性。当然，我通过其他手段，通过他们my friends from the feel of their faces. But I 向我表达的思想，通过他们向我表现出的cannot really picture their personalities by 行动来了解他们的个性。但是，我无法对touch. I know their personaliti
32、es, of course, 他们有更深的理解，因为我确信，要达到through other means, through the thoughts they 这种更深的理解，必须要目视他们，观察express to me, through whatever of their actions 他们对各种所表达的思想及情况所作的are revealed to me. But I am denied that deeper 反应，留意他们眼睛里和脸上那种转瞬即understanding of them which I am sure would come 逝的反应。 through sight o
33、f them through watching their reactions to various expressed thoughts and circumstances, through noting the immediate and fleeting reactions of their eyes and countenance. 我熟悉和我亲近的朋友，因为长年累Friends who are near to me I know well, because 月他们向我显露了自己的各个方面；然而through the months and years they reveal 对于偶尔结
34、识的朋友我只有一种不完全themselves to me in all their phases; but of causal 的印象，这种印象是仅凭一次握手，一些friends I have only an incomplete impression, an 言语获得的。我用指尖触摸他们的嘴唇，impression gained from a handclasp, from spoken 或是靠他们叩击我的手掌而获取这些言words which I take from their lips with my finger 语。 tips, or which they tap into the
35、palm of my hand. 相比之下，你们这些能看见的人，通How much easier, how much more satisfying it 过观察表情的微妙变化、肌肉的颤动和手is for you who can see to grasp quickly the 的摆动来迅速地把握别人的本质特点，就essential qualities of another person by watching 容易得多，也令人满意得多。但是，你们the subtleties of expression, the quiver of a 可曾想到要用自己的视觉去看透一个朋muscle, the
36、 flutter of a hand. But does it ever 友或熟人的内在性格？你们这些有视觉occur to you to use your sight to see into the inner 的人中的大多数，不就是随便看到一张脸nature of a friend or acquaintance? Do not most 的外部特征就到此为止了吗？ of you seeing people grasp casually the outward features of a face and let it go at that? 举例来说，你能准确地描绘出五个好For ins
37、tance, can you describe accurately the 朋友的脸形吗？你们中有些人可以，但许faces of five good friends? Some of you can, but 多人不行。作为试验，我曾向一些结婚多many cannot. As an experiment, I have questioned 年的丈夫询问过他们妻子眼睛的颜色，但husbands of long standing about the color of their 他们常常表现出尴尬困惑，承认不知道。wives eyes, and often they express embar
38、rassed 顺便提一下，妻子们老是埋怨丈夫不注意confusion and admit that they do not know. And, 她们的新衣服、新帽子以及房间布置中的incidentally, it is a chronic complaint of wives 变化。 that their husbands do not notice new dresses, new hats, and changes in household arrangements. 有视觉的人，眼睛很快就习惯了周围The eyes of seeing persons soon become 的日常事物
39、，因此他实际上只见到一些惊accustomed to the routine of their surroundings, 人的、壮观的景象。但是，哪怕是在看最and they actually see only the startling and 壮观的场面时，他们的眼睛也是懒洋洋spectacular. But even in viewing the most 的。法院记录天天都表明“目击者”所见spectacular sights the eyes are lazy. Court 是多么地不准确。某一事件可能被几个目records reveal every day how inaccur
40、ately 击者从几个不同角度“看到”；有些人比“eyewitnesses” see. A given event will be 别人看得多些，但几乎没有人看到他们视“seen” in several different ways by as many 野之内的一切。 witnesses. Some see more than others, but few see everything that is within the range of their 哦，如果我能有即使仅仅三天的光vision. 明，我将能见到多少我想看到的东西啊！ Oh, the things that I shoul
41、d see if I had the 返回 power of sight for just three days! (1634 words) TOP Text 2 课文二 Beethoven by Anne Pimlott Baker Beethoven arrived in Vienna on 10 November 1792, not yet twenty-two and eager to begin composition 贝多芬 安妮平罗特贝克 lessons with Haydn. He found himself an attic room 贝多芬于XX年x月x日抵达维but he
42、 had scarcely had time to settle in before 也纳。他年龄还不到22岁，急于向海顿he received the news that his father had died 学习作曲。他替自己找了一间阁楼，可几suddenly, in Bonn, on 18 December. Interestingly, 乎还没来得及搬进去，就得知父亲12月Beethoven did not mention his fathers death in 18号在波恩突然去世的消息。有趣的是，his diary, but he wrote to the Elector po
43、inting 贝多芬没有在日记中提到父亲的去世，但out that he still needed to support and educate 他给汉诺威选侯去信说， 自己仍然需要his two young brothers. As a result, the Elector 资助两个弟弟上学；结果选侯把他的薪水doubled his salary. These quarterly payments 增加了一倍，这些按季付的薪水一直延续continued until March 1794, and his brothers were 到XX年，他的两个弟弟卡尔、约翰也soon to foll
44、ow him to Vienna, Carl in 1794 and 分别于XX年、XX年年底先后跟随他Johann at the end of 1795. 来到了维也纳。 Beethoven soon attracted the attention of Prince Carl Lichnowsky, and moved into his apartments as 贝多芬很快就引起了卡尔里奇洛乌a guest, remaining there for about two years. 斯基王子的注意，并且作为座上客搬进了Lichnowsky became an important patr
45、on and 王子的宫殿；他在此度过了两年。里奇洛Beethoven often played at his Friday morning 乌斯基成了主要的资助人，贝多芬经常在chamber music concerts. Lichnowsky retained his 他的礼拜五上午室内音乐会上演奏。里奇own string quartet, led by Ignaz Schuppanzigh, who 洛乌斯基有自己的弦乐四重奏乐队，由伊was still a teenager when Beethoven first moved 格纳兹叔番泽领队。当贝多芬搬来时，there. Sever
46、al of Beethovens compositions had 他还是个少年。贝多芬的几部作品是在那their first performances there, and Beethoven 儿首先演奏的，后来贝多芬将钢琴奏鸣曲later dedicated his piano sonata op. 13, the Pathetique, to Lichnowsky. 作品第13号悲怆献给了里奇洛乌斯基。 Beethoven began lessons with Haydn at once and these continued throughout 1793, but he seems
47、to have found them disappointing. “Papa” Haydn was enjoying enormous success at this time and evidently devoted very little attention to his pupil. He set Beethoven to work on counterpoint, using the standard text book, Fuxs Gradus ad 贝多芬立即师从海顿，课程一直延续到XX年，但他似乎发现这些课程令人失望。海顿“爸爸”当时沉浸在巨大成功的喜悦之中，显然很少顾及自己
48、的弟子。他让贝多芬学习复调音乐，采用标准的教材，弗克斯的艺术津梁，但贝多芬抱怨自己没有取得任何进步，因为海顿太忙，不能恰当地纠正练习中的错误；在这一年，似乎是作曲家约翰尚克暗中帮助贝多芬Parnassum (1725), but Beethoven complained (though not to Haydn) that he was not making any progress because Haydn was much too busy to correct the exercises properly and it seems that for that year the composer Johan Schenk secretly helped Beethoven with the exercises, even going so far as to get Beethoven to copy out any 进行练习，甚至到了让贝多芬把修改的错corrections in his own hand so that
