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1、,同学们：看以下几张图片，你是否会被它的神奇美丽所震撼？这儿就是长江源头，今天，我们就走进在长江源头各拉丹冬，探寻这美丽的圣地。,课文导入,1.品味文中生动描述各拉丹冬壮美景色的语句，感受作者表达的丰富情感。2.把握文章的层次脉络，理清作者的写作思路。3.体会文中表现出来的自然美，培养读者对大自然的感情。,学习目标,马丽华，山东济南人。一级作家、编审，现任中国藏学出版社总编辑。1976年开始发表作品，著有长篇散文藏北游历西行阿里灵魂像风，报告文学青藏苍茫，散文集终,作者简介,极风景追你到高原，诗集我的太阳，长篇小说如意高地等。被誉为“西藏的歌者和行者”。1997年走过西藏获全国优秀畅销书奖，2
2、011年以长篇小说如意高地获第四届老舍文学奖。,各拉丹冬的含义：,意为“高高尖尖的山峰”，为长江的源头，神秘的雪域高原，令人向往。,作者在1976年进藏，在西藏工作和生活了27年，曾经写过10多本关于西藏人文地理的纪实作品，代表作有走进西藏等。本文是记述在长江源头的一段见闻的游记。,背景链接,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
3、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成
4、才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,裸露()黧黑()冻疮()霹雳()砾石()虔诚()蠕动()眩晕()蜷卧()腈纶()皱褶()挪动()草坝子()气喘吁吁()接踵而至()熠熠烁烁(),字词学习,lu l,l,chun,p l,l,qin,r,xun,qun,jn ln,zh,nu,b,x,zhn,y,形容黑。,黧黑：砾石：敦实：腈纶：流苏：风云
5、变幻：接踵而至：熠熠烁烁：川流不息：漫不经心：,解释词语,经水流冲击磨去棱角的石块。,像蚯蚓爬行那样动。,松懈懒惰。,结实；粗壮，敦厚诚实。,合成纤维的一种，用来纺织成毛线，布料等。,下垂的穗子。装饰在马车、帐幕等上面下垂的穗状物，用五彩羽毛或丝线制成。,比喻局势的动荡与变化。,形容人或事物一个又一个接连不断地到来。,接踵，,后面人的脚尖接着前面人的脚后跟。,形容光彩闪耀的样子。,行人、车马等，像水流一样连续不断地行进。,疏忽大意，一点儿也不放在心上。,蠕动：,懈怠：,第一部分：,整体感知,读课文，划分文章层次，理清作者的写作思路。,写在大山脚下仰望各拉丹冬雪峰的尊容。,(1-2),(3-11
6、),(12-15),第二部分：,第三部分：,详细介绍在各拉丹冬探险受挫和所见所感。,离开各拉丹冬。,第一部分：,整体感知,读课文，划分文章层次，理清作者的写作思路。,总写山脚下仰望各拉丹冬美丽的景色及风云变幻的恶劣气候。,(1-2),(3-4),(5-13),(14、15),第二部分：,第三部分：,第四部分：,写向各拉丹冬雪峰进发的艰难情景。,写近观冰塔林看到的壮观景象。,写在砾石滩上看雪峰时的新发现。,本文是按照怎样的顺序组织材料的？找出文中第一天游览体现这一顺序的词语。（教学提示：学生边读边标画有关时间转移、地点转换的词语，进而理清文章脉络。）,本文是按照时间的推移，地点的转换来组织材料的
7、，（也是以“我”的游踪为线索组织材料的）。叙述了“我”游览格拉丹冬雪山的所见所感。,草坝子,冰丛砾石堆,走下砾石堆，,沿冰河接近冰山,此地已达海拔六千米以上。,开始海拔近六千米,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
8、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
9、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,一、在藏北高原大山脚下仰望各拉丹冬雪峰，作者的所见、所感是怎样的？,课文解读,各拉丹冬有阴阳二坡,西北阴坡,尽是冰雪，景色单调,东南阳坡,好看,第1自然段写到“格拉丹冬有阴阳二坡，西北阴坡是冰雪，景色单调，东南阳坡才好看。”你认为“我”游览的是哪里呢？,东南阳坡,这从第3段“在各拉丹冬以东几公里处有牛粪可捡的坝子上”可知浏览的是东南阳坡。,东南阳坡好看体现在哪？,阳光使这位身披白色披风的巨人变化多端：融雪处裸露出大山黧
10、黑的骨骼，有如刀削一般，棱角与层次毕现，富有雕塑感。,气势磅礴，变化多端。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
11、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
12、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,季节上的隆冬将尽，但严寒还将在此驻防三两个月。远不是秋高气爽时节的明媚，这一个风云变幻的季节里，气势磅礴的密云来去匆匆，形如金字塔的各拉丹冬主峰难得在云遮雾障中一现尊容。,二、读课文，说说考察的环境是怎样的？请找出相应的描写。,1.海拔接近六千米，让人气喘吁吁，很不适应,三、负重向各拉丹冬雪峰进发，是一个异常艰难的历程。在此期间，“我”遇到了哪些困难?,2.频频小震酝酿着某一两次大地震,自然环境恶劣,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
13、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
14、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,在各拉丹冬以东几公里处有牛粪可捡的草坝子上，我们搭起牛毛帐篷。安托师傅他们从崖底冰河里背回大冰块，我们喝上了长江源头的水
15、。,住宿环境恶劣,身体不适（刚进各拉丹冬）,1.手背生起冻疮,2.肩背脖颈疼痛得不敢活动,3.连夜高烧，不思饮食,4.活动时只能以极轻极慢动作进行，犹如霹雳舞的“太空步”,面对这样的恶劣环境，你会想什么呢？你知道作者有什么感想吗？请找出相关描写。,这样的身体状况真是大煞风景。但愿它不要影响我的心态，各拉丹冬值得你历尽艰辛去走上一遭。,困难无处不在，热情始终不减,1.正是在后退的当儿，脚下一滑，分外利落地一屁股坐在冰河上，裂骨之痛随之袭来。这一跤，使我在后来的旅行中备受折磨。回那曲拍了片才知道，娇贵而无用的尾椎骨已经折断，连带第八节腰椎也错了位。,身体不适（在冰塔林）,3.而我似乎已经衰竭，心想
16、碰巧哪一口气上不来，就长眠于此吧。,2.头痛，恶心，双脚绵软，呼吸困难典型的缺氧反应，外加新伤剧痛。,四、作者刚进入冰塔林时，看到的是什么样的景象？,远眺雪峰 壮丽奇观,从砾石堆上四面张望，晶莹连绵的冰峰、平坦辽阔的冰河历历在目远方白色金字塔的各拉丹冬统领着冰雪劲旅，天地间浩浩苍苍。这一派奇美令人眩晕，造物主在这里尽情卖弄着它的无所不能的创造力。,从砾石堆上四面张望，晶莹连绵的冰峰、平坦辽阔的冰河历历在目远方白色金字塔的各拉丹冬统领着冰雪劲旅，天地间浩浩苍苍。这一派奇美令人眩晕，造物主在这里尽情卖弄着它的无所不能的创造力。,尽情卖弄,眩晕,“眩晕”的是多变的气候、恶劣的环境、糟糕的身体，更有被
17、冰塔林奇特的美景而陶醉，享受其中。,“尽情卖弄”贬词褒用，形象地写出了大自然任性创造的情态。,读5、6段从文中找出描写各拉丹冬雪山景物的词语，作者按什么顺序描写的？从中感受到雪山怎样的特点？,远处全景：,晶莹连绵的冰峰；平坦辽阔的冰河；远方白色金字塔的各拉丹冬统领着冰雪的劲旅。,近景（沿冰河接近冰山）：,冰山象屏风，精雕细刻着各种图案；,冰塔林由许多冰,的庄园冰的院落组成。,感受：,天地间浩浩苍苍；这一派奇美令人眩晕。,是按由远及近的顺序写的。,读课文，说说冰塔林的美体现在哪些地方？,1.整座冰塔林就由许多冰的庄园冰的院落组成，自成一天地。,2.是琼瑶仙境，静穆的晶莹和洁白。永恒的阳光和风的刻
18、刀，千万年来漫不经心地切割着，雕凿着，缓慢而从不懈怠。冰体一点一点地改变了形态，变成自然力所能刻画成的最漂亮的这番模样：挺拔的，敦实的，奇形怪状的，蜿蜒而立的。那些冰塔、冰柱、冰洞、冰廊、冰壁上徐徐垂挂冰的流苏，像长发披肩。,3.太阳偶一露面，这冰世界便熠熠烁烁，光彩夺目。端详着冰山上纵横的裂纹，环绕冰山的波状皱褶，想象着在漫长的时光里，冰川的前进和后退，冰山的高低消长，这波纹是否就是年轮。,读10-11段，作者从哪些角度描写景物？抓住了景物什么特点？从中感受到雪山怎样的特点？,写风,写冰体,温暖,声音大（呼啸）,不停息（川流不息）,威力大（扫荡）,漂亮千姿百态（挺拔的，敦实的，奇形怪状的，蜿
19、蜒而立的。那些冰塔、冰柱、冰洞、冰廊、冰壁上徐徐垂挂冰的流苏，像长发披肩）；熠熠烁烁，光彩夺目,是琼瑶仙境；这波纹是否就是年轮？,作者分两次集中描写雪山，这两次描写有什么不同？为什么在第二次之前，还要写第一次来观看雪山的大感受？,5-6段是从低处观赏描写，10-11段是从高处观赏描写，这样从不同角度展现了格拉丹冬雪山神韵。,两次写观赏雪山的感受，表现了作者对雪山认识逐渐加深，对雪山的情感步步增强。也在读者心中留下深刻印象。,读12-14段：这几段描写的重点是什么？作者从中感悟到了雪山怎样的特点？,描写了风声和坚冰之下的流水。,一刻不停，开始演绎长江的故事。,描写的重点：,感 悟：,状元成才路,
20、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
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22、风的刻刀，千万年来漫不经心地切割着，雕凿着，缓慢而从不懈怠。,“切割”“雕凿”：拟人化的写法，尽显阳光和朔风的威力巨大、动作精巧，这样导致“冰体一点一点地改变了形态，变成自然力所能刻画成的最漂亮的这番模样”。,句子赏析,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
23、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
24、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,.文章中第11段写到的“琼瑶仙境”是指什么？具有什么样的特点？作者运用了哪些手法来描写？,“琼瑶仙境”指的是冰窟中的景色，作者置身其中，仿佛置身仙境。“流苏像长发”运用了比喻的修辞手法，写出了冰窟中形状的怪异，冰体的蜿蜒挺拔，冰山的褶皱；整段写出了冰世界的闪耀光彩，静穆与高大，增添了文章的色彩。,深入探究,3.全文作者以游踪为序，详细讲述了作者自己游览各拉丹冬的情景，作者是不是
25、仅仅为了描写各拉丹冬的壮丽景色，还是有其他的目的？说一说你的看法。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元
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27、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,在长江源头各拉丹冬,各拉丹冬雪峰的尊荣,进发的艰难情景,冰塔林的壮观景象,在砾石滩上看雪峰时的新发现,歇息草坝子,路过冰河,结构梳理,远眺雪峰 壮丽奇观,冰山奇遇 勇于攀登,冰塔林美景,深入冰塔林,归纳主题,记叙了作者跟随摄制组在各拉丹冬的游览经历，描绘了雪域高原的神奇瑰丽，表达了作者对祖国大好河山的敬畏和赞美之情。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
28、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
29、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,课文最后写到“拍电影的那一伙不知又发现了什么新大陆，久久不回来。”，请你发挥你的想象，你觉得他们可能发现了什么？,放飞想象,作者循行程写了两天的活动，以第一天的见闻为主。采用移步换景的写法，从安营在各拉丹冬雪峰脚
30、下写到驶过冰河，最后写到进人冰塔林。随着立足点和观察视角的变化，作者笔下的景物也呈现出不同的特点：在营地远眺各拉丹冬雪山，突出它的高峻、雄壮、变幻莫测；在砾石堆上四顾，突出冰峰的晶莹、冰河的辽阔和整个冰天雪地的浩茫；靠近冰山，发现其图案的难以名状；进入冰塔林，特别是身处冰窟，细看千姿百态的冰体和冰山的裂纹、皱褶，突出其晶莹纯美，闪闪生光；第二天重返冰河，听到阳光下冰河融化的流水声。随着行踪和景物的变化，作者“所感”也发生着变化。远眺雪山时，感到雄伟和神秘；张望冰峰和冰河时，感叹造物主的创造力；身处冰窟时，感慨自然永恒的存在和漫长的变化；倾听水声时，想象即将演绎出的长江的故事。,书后思考探究1.
31、,作者对冰塔林的描写有详有略，略写时一笔带过，详写时细致刻画。从描写自己身处冰窟的感受开始，写到风的呼啸与川流不息，然后详细描写冰体的千奇百怪、美不胜收。作者在描写冰塔林时非常注意把主观感受、想象与客观的描写融合在一起，往往从眼前的景物出发，做时间维度上的延展。如对冰窟和冰风的描写，突出异样的“温暖”感受，既写风的“扫荡”，更把思绪放飞到洪荒之始，感喟于自然的永恒。又如描写冰塔林和冰川，虽然以“写形”为主，却很少对其形态做过细的描写，而是用精短、准确、形象性强的词语连续带过，很好地表现出冰体形状之多令人目不暇接，同时又畅想眼前奇景的形成过程，主客观融为一体。这样的写法既增加了文章的厚度，也赋予
32、文章独特韵味。,书后思考探究2.,作者反复续写自己在各拉丹冬糟糕的身体状况，从侧面写出了各拉丹冬自然环境的艰险，突出了本文“所至”和“所见”的独特性。从某种意义来看，作者的身体状况构成了文章的一条潜在线索，随着身体状况越来越糟糕，作者对各拉丹冬的感受与理解却越来越细致，想象也越来越富有诗意。这样的写法，使读者体会到作者的乐观与坚强，也让文章显得更亲切、真实、可信。作者在身体痛苦时坚持行走、体验甚至考察，这使得本文染上了困难美和悲壮美的色彩，给读者的阅读感受也超越了“观赏自然”的范畴。,书后思考探究3.,1.“眩晕”原指一种症状，感觉到自己或周围的东西旋转，这里指“浩浩苍苍”的美景令人目不暇接，
33、令人不知该看什么；“卖弄”原指有意显示、炫耀（自己的本领），含贬义，这里指大自然的无穷创造力在各拉丹冬展现得淋漓尽致。这两个词表现了作者面对冰峰、冰河、冰谷等景色感受到的震撼，以及基于人与自然的对比而产生的对自然的敬畏。,书后思考探究4.,2.删去加点部分后，全句就只是对眼前景物的实实在在描写，缺少了对大自然漫长历史和永恒运动的想象。没有了想像之美，景物也就缺少了神韵。,书后思考探究4.,3.作者并不去详细描写冰山裂纹和皱褶的形状，而是由此写到关于冰川、冰山形成变化的想象，把冰山的皱褶想象成树的年轮。这样的写法能让读者联想到眼前景物“背后的故事”大自然漫长、反复的变化，并由此认识到：这冰山、冰
34、川其实是大自然历史的一部分。这几个句子在描写眼前景物的同时，都不停留于具体的描写，而是将笔触宕开，抒写作者的想象与感触，将读者的思绪引向时间的远处或思考的深处。这样的写法虚实结合，主客相融，带给读者一种富于厚度和深度的美。,一、本文记述了作者跟随摄制组在各拉丹冬浏览的经历。理清文章的脉络，复述作者在各拉丹冬的所见所感。,课后习题参考答案,各拉丹冬雪峰脚下：“融雪处裸露出大山黛黑的骨骼，有如刀削一般，棱角与层次毕现，富有雕塑感”草坝子：“海拔接近六千米”“频频小震酝酿着某一两次大地震”砾石堆：“晶莹连绵的冰峰、平坦辽阔的冰河历历在目”。冰山：“整座冰塔林就由许多冰的庄园冰的院落组成，自成一天地”
35、冰窟：“远比想象的要温暖”冰河：“滑极了”砾石滩：“太阳强烈，冰面疏松多了，有流水漫溢出来”。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
36、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
37、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,二、本文写各拉丹冬的冰塔林有什么特点？试结合课文内容具体分析。,晶莹连绵、浩浩苍苍，如“白色金字塔”，自成一天地。挺拔的，敦实的，奇形怪状的，蜿蜒而立的，一派“静穆”“晶莹”“洁白”。,三、联系上下文，品味下列语句，写下你的阅读感受。1.这一派奇美令人眩晕，造物主在这里尽情卖弄着它的无所不能的创造力。,“尽情卖弄”：贬词褒用，形象地写出了大自然任性创造的情态。“眩晕”的是多变的气候、恶劣的环境、糟糕的身体，更有被冰塔林奇特的美景而陶醉，享受其中。,妙用夸张，极言雪山冰窟的风没有方向、肆意狂啸、昼夜不
38、停。,2.风声一刻不停地呼啸，辨不清风何来何往，仿佛自地球形成以来它就在这里川流不息,三、联系上下文，品味下列语句，写下你的阅读感受。3.永恒的阳光和风的刻刀，千万年来漫不经心地切割着，雕凿着，缓慢而从不懈怠。,4.端详着冰山上纵横的裂纹，环绕冰山的波状皱褶，想象着在漫长的时光里，冰川的前进和后退，冰山的高低消长，这波纹是否就是年轮。,“切割”“雕凿”：拟人化的写法，尽显阳光和朔风的威力巨大、动作精巧，这样导致“冰体一点一点地改变了形态，变成自然力所能刻画成的最漂亮的这番模样”。,观察的细致、想象的丰富、推断的合理，尽在言语中。,四、文章结尾写道：“那是坚冰之下的流水之声，它一刻不停，从这千山
39、之巅、万水之源的藏北高原流出，开始演绎长江的故事。”这句话具有怎样的内涵？写一段文字，谈谈你的理解。,参考答案：长江乃中国第一大河，和黄河一起并称为“母亲河”。长江起源于雪域高原的各拉丹冬雪山，那里常年云遮雾障、白雪皑皑，极目远眺，冰峰连绵、冰河辽阔、冰塔如林、冰山耸立。坚冰之下的潺潺流水，咕咕作响，一刻不停，缔造了水之神物长江。长江一路向东奔涌，养育了万千子民，孕育了千年文化，更创造了美妙绝伦的人类文明。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
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