《广州小学六年级情态动词专题.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《广州小学六年级情态动词专题.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、广州小学六年级情态动词专题情态动词 一、情态动词的定义 情态动词有词意，但它不能单独作谓语，它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语，给谓语动词增添情态色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等。情态动词没有人称和数的变化，它的后面必须跟动词原形。 二、情态动词的种类和相关用法总结 情态动词 词义 否定形式 词义 can 能够，会 cant 不能，不会 could 能够，会 couldnt 不能，不会 may 可以 must 必须 mustnt 不允许，不能 shall 将，要 shant 将不 should 应该 shouldnt 不应该 need 需要 neednt 不必
2、would 将会，愿 wouldnt 不会，不愿 一）can 1) 表示能力。 Can you lift this heavy box? Mary can speak three languages. Can you skate? 2) 表示请求和允许。 -Can I go now? - Yes, you can. / No, you cant. 3) 表示推测，用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。 Can this be true? This cant be done by him. 二）may 表示请求和允许。否定回答时可用cant和mustnt，表示不可以，禁止。 -May I smoke i
3、n this room? - No, you mustnt. -May I take this book out of the room? -Yes, you can. ( No, you cant/mustnt) 1 三）must, have to 1) 表示必须、必要。 You must come in time. 在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustnt， 而用neednt, dont have to. - Must we hand in our exercise books today? - Yes, you must. - No, you dont have to / y
4、ou neednt. 2) must是说话人的主观看法， 而have to则强调客观需要。 must只有一般现在时， have to 有更多的时态形式。 1The film isnt interesting, I really must go now. (必须，主观原因) 2I had to work when I was your age. 四）shall 1) shall 用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。 What shall we do this evening? 2) shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。 1. You shall fail if yo
5、u dont work hard. (警告) 2. He shall have the book when I finish it. (允诺) 3. He shall be punished. (威胁) 五）should 1）should表示 应该、劝告、建议和命令。 1. I should help her because she is in trouble. 2. You should go to class right away. 2) 表示猜测 should must(主观推测) 1.He must be home by now. ( 断定他已到家) 2. He should be a
6、t home by now. (不太肯定) 三、情态动词主要句型 1、Can I help you? -Yes, please. / No, thanks. 2、Can + 主语 + 动词原形? Yes, can. No, cant. 3、Can I borrow your book? -Yes, of course. 4、Can I write on the book? -No, you cant mustnt. 5、Could Can you help me? - Yes,of course. Certainly. Sure. 6、Could Can you tell me the way
7、 to the Zoo? 7、May I come in ? - Come in, please. 8、May I sit here? - Yes, please.Sorry, please dont. 9、May I have some coke? - Yes, of course. 10、May/ Could / Can I speak to Tom? -Speaking. Whos calling? 11、should 、shouldnt 表示劝告： 1) He should get up early. 2) She shouldnt play computer game too muc
8、h. 2 12、Should +主语 +动词原形? Yes, should. No, shouldnt. 13、表示建议你愿意吗 Would you like to go shopping with me? -Yes, Id love to. /Id love to. But Im busy now. 14、就餐用语Would you like something to eatdrink? -Yes, Id like 15、shall用于第一人称 (I, we), 可以表示将和表示建议 好吗? 1) Where shall we have dinner? 2) Shall we go fish
9、ing? - All right. OK. Good idea. 16、Must + 主语 + 动词原形? -Yes, must. No, neednt/ dont have to. 课堂训练 1）选择题 1. It rained heavily，so we _ stay at home watching TV or surfing the Internet all day. A. could B. had to C. must 词语辨析。句意雨下的很大，我们必须待在家里看电视或上网。 表示客观原因而引起的必须干某事， 强调主观原因。 表示有能力干某事，与文意不相干。 2. May I tak
10、e the magazine out of the reading room? No，you cant. You _ read it here. Its the rule. A. must B. would C. may D. might 情态动词词义辨析。must必须；would将要；may也许；might可以。根据句意，我可以把杂志带出阅览室吗？不可以。你 在这儿读它。这是规则。 3.Dad，may I watch TV? No，you cant. You _ finish your homework first. A. must B. can C. may 考查情态动词。must表示必须
11、；can表示有某种能力；may表示可以。根据文意：你不能看电视，你 先完成作业。 4一Bob，shall we go and meet our new classmate? 一SorryIm busy nowBut you_ ask David to go with youHe is free Aneed Bmay Cwould Dmust 情态动词的用法。need意思是需要，may是可以，would指将要，must意思是必须，根据句意应该表示建议，应用 。 5. If you are in the zoo， remember not to touch or go near the anima
12、ls. Although some of the animals are cute， you _ leave them alone. A. must B. will C. may D. can 情态动词的意义。前文的remember not to 提示，下文空格处用情态动词 表示必须。 6. Fifty dollars for such a T-shirt! You _ be joking! Im serious. Its made of silk. A. must B. need C. may D. can 情景对话。理解句意，你 在开玩笑。 7.Have you decided where
13、 to go for your summer vacation? Not yet. We _go to Qingdao. It is a good place for vacation. A. may B. should C. need D. must 情态动词辨析。may意为可能；可以，表示猜测时，把握性不大；should意为应该；need指需要；must为必须；可能；一定，表猜测时把握性较大。 3 8. Must I be home before eight oclock， Mum? No， you_. But you have to come back before ten oclock
14、. A. neednt B. cant C. mustnt 情态动词。must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答是 或dont have to，意为不需要。 9._ I borrow your history book? Sure. Here you are. A. Must B. May C. Need D. Will 情态动词辨析。must 必须， may 可以，语气委婉，表示请求建议， need 有必要， will 要，想要，常用于第二人称的请求建议。语境-我可以借你的历史书吗？ - 当然，给你。 10.The talented boy _ write lyrics when he was at
15、 the age of ten. A. may B. could C. must 考查情态动词的用法。May意为可以，can意为能，会，must意为必须。 11.Lets go dancing tonight.! Sorry， I _.I have to go to my guitar lesson. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant 12. The magazine _be Lilys， for we can find her name on the cover. A. may B. might C. could D. must 13.Dad，can I go to t
16、he movies tonight? -Sure，but you_ come back home before 9 oclock. A.can B.must C.may D.might 14 .I think the man over there must be Bob. - It _ be him. He has _ to Australia. A. cant， gone B. cant， been C. may not， been D. mustnt， gone 15. The work is too hard for him. He_ finish it on time. A.cant
17、B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. neednt 16. This dictionary_ Toms. It has Anns name on it A. might be B. may he C. cant be 17. _ we clean the classroom at once? No， you _. You _ clean it after school. A. Must; neednt; may B. Must; mustnt; can. C. Shall; cant; must D. Need; mustnt; may 2）改错 1. She cant sings
18、 well. . 2. What dishes you can cook? . 3.Where do we can go today? . 4. May I watch TV after supper? No, you may not. . 3）用适当的情态动词填空。 1. Must I borrow the book with my ID card? No, you _. 2. _ I use your car? Yes, you _. 3. _ I go home now? No, you _ stay here. 4 4. My mother is ill. I _ stay at ho
19、me and look after her. 5. _ you like some tea? 6. You _ take more exercise. 7. _ you tell me how to get to the Qingyun Park? 8. The clock _ tell us the time. 9. _ you like to go fishing with me? 10. _ we play football this afternoon? 4) 按要求改写句子。 1. I can run fast. I _ _ fast. (否定句) 2. You must retur
20、n the book now. _ I the book now? No, you _. 3. He can play basketball well. _ he _ basketball well? 4. They must take the books out of the room. They _ _ the books out of the room. 5. He should get up early. (同义句) He _ get up late. 6. Han Mei can play the piano. (否定句，一般疑问句，肯定和否定回答) . . . . 7. The t
21、eacher is very kind(否定句，一般疑问句，肯定和否定回答) . . . . 8.He likes singing. (否定句，一般疑问句，肯定和否定回答) . . . . 9. We played football last week. (否定句，一般疑问句，肯定和否定回答) . . . . 课后作业： 1） 单项选择 5 ( ) 1、You _ be careful with fire when you have a picnic in the forest. Its too dangerous. A、will B、must C、 can D、may ( ) 2、- Tom
22、 , dont drive too fast , you _ hit the others cars. - OK , I wont , Mum. A、must B、need C、 may D、have to ( ) 3、You gave made the same mistake once again. You _ be more careful next time. A、can B、may C、 had to D、should ( ) 4、- What are you going to eat for supper? - I _ have noodles. A、need to B、must
23、C、 may D、can ( ) 5、- May I put my bike here? - No, you _. You should put it over there. A、couldnt B、neednt C、 mustnt D、wont ( ) 6、- _ you come to my birthday party tomorrow, Robert? - Im afraid not. I have to study for my exam. A、Must B、Should C、 Can D、need ( ) 7、You have finished most of the work ,
24、 so you _ start working so early tomorrow. You may come at 9:00. A、cant B、mustnt C、 neednt D、couldnt ( ) 8、- Jill looks so painful, there _ be something wrong with her. - Oh, dear! Wed better take her to the nearest hospital at once. A、can B、should C、 would D、must ( ) 9、- Must I park my car behind t
25、he building? - NO, you _. You _ park it here. A、mustnt, may B、may not, must C、dont have to, may D、shouldnt, must ( ) 10、That tall boy _ be John. John is medium height. A、mustnt B、must C、 cant D、might ( ) 11、- My car was broken down. Could you please give me a ride tomorrow. - Im sorry I _ . Im leavi
26、ng for London tonight. A、cant B、mustnt C、 couldnt D、shouldnt ( ) 12、- Shall we go shopping now ? - Im afraid we _ buy anything. All shops are closed. A、cant B、neednt C、 mustnt D、shouldnt ( ) 13、- Must I stay here for hours? - No, you _. You can leave any time. A、mustnt B、neednt C、 cant D、can ( ) 14、
27、- May I go surfing alone this afternoon? - No, you _ . Its dangerous. A、may not B、cant C、 neednt D、dont ( ) 15、- Where is Lucy? - Im not sure. She _ in the school library. A、maybe B、must be C、 may be D、will be 6 ( ) 16、- I like the party so much, but I _ go home. Its is too late. - What a pity. A、mu
28、stnt B、have to C、 may D、cant ( ) 17、You _ the light. Its bright enough here. We can see everything clearly. A、mustnt turn off B、must turn on C、neednt turn on D、may turn on ( ) 18、- Dad, _ I play badminton with Boddy now? - Yes, you can. But you have to come back before supper. A、must B、may C、need D、
29、should ( ) 19、- Do I have to come back tomorrow? - Yes, you _. A、can B、may C、 must D、should ( ) 20、You _ stop your car when the traffic light is red. A、must B、may C、 can D、might 21、 you like some bread ? A . Would B. Could C . Can ( ) 22、We should more flowers, and we shouldnt cut any flowers. A. pl
30、ant B. planting C. plants ( ) 23、May I have some water? A.Yes, you have. B. Yes, you can. C. Yes, certainly. ( ) 24、Shall we work on the farm ? A.Yes,we do. B. Yes, we shall. B.All right. ( ) 25、Can I help you? A.Yes,you can. B.No,I can do it. C.Yes.Id like some oranges. 2) 用情态动词can，cant，may，must，ne
31、ednt，mustnt，should填空。 1、- Must I return the books tomorrow? - No, you _ . 2、You _ write more careful next time. 3、There will be no school tomorrow. You _ come to school. 4、- _I come in? - Yes , please. 5、I am afraid that they _ not like the idea. 6、- _ you answer the question in English? - No, I _ .
32、 7、Time is important. We _ waste our time. 8、We _ help each other in time of trouble. 9、Children _ play with fire. Its too dangerous. 10、_ you tell me how I can get to the station? 3) 连词成句 1. . (not, he, dance, can) 2. ? ( you, can, see, what) 3. .(can, see, not, we, you)(动词后用宾格) 4. . 5. . ( I, can, do, not, that) 6. ? (you, can, hear, me) 7
