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1、新编英语教程第三梅德明Book第七单元知识点LANGUAGE POINTS, Unit, Unit 7 Text I Writing Skills It is a magazine editorial. The writer gives us a serious account of a single incident - the death of Paret. Questions on Text I 1. What is the text about? 2. When did the writer interview Mike Jacobs/ 3. Why did he say he was
2、 a fledging newspaper reporter? 4. What was the writers work range? 5. What was he assigned to do during vacation season? 6. Why did the writer mention his interview with Mike Jacobs? 7. Was the writers opinion similar to Jacobs? 8. What was the only important element (factor) in promoting prize-fig
3、hts? 9. Were people interested in watching boxing artists performances? 10. Were many seats empty when boxing artists were hired? 11. Were people interested in watching killers hurting each other? 12. What did the crowd pay to do? 13. What happened to Benney Paret recently? 14. Did many people see t
4、he scene on which Paret was killed? 15. What did the Paret fight result in? 16. Was Governor Rockefeller surprised at what had happened to Paret? 17. Did the Governor set up a committee to investigate the matter? 18. How many questions did the organization of investigation put forward? 19. Who did t
5、hey think should bear the responsibility? 20. Did the writer and Jacobs think the blame should be put on the referee, the doctor and Parets manager? 21. Who should really take the blame for Partets death? 22. Why did the writer go into details to describe the human brain? 23. Which moment did the cr
6、owd consider to be the supreme moment? 24. Was the write for or against the prevailing mores about boxing? 25. What caused Parat to die? Language Points 1. fledgling / fledgling fledgling/fledgling n. - a young bird just able to fly; (fig) a young inexperienced person eg: Are you fledglings now? He
7、is a fledgling teacher fledged (adj.) (of birds) with fully grown feathers; able to fly eg: The birds are fledged now. 1 a fully-fledged man 2. beat n. - the particular source or activity that a reporter is responsible for covering (范围) 只限用在新闻工作范围 often: Beat is also called news beat or news run. eg
8、: My beat is education. (I am responsible for education news.) His beat is White House. My responsibility is White House beat. The news reporter is on the social security beat. Par: Li Wei Tsien is responsible for sports news. (Li Wei Tsien is on sports beat.) He is responsible for science news. (He
9、 is on science beat.) My brother is responsible for traffic news. (My brother is on traffic beat. /My brothers beat is traffic.) 3. assignment assign (v.) vt. a) give to sb. for use or enjoyment, or as a share or part in a distribution (of work, duty, etc.) 分配, 分派(工作任务等给某人) assign sth to sb./ assign
10、 sb. sth eg: The leader will assign a new house to him. They have assigned another class to John. Well be assigned a new house. assign sb to + sth eg: Well assign him to a new post. A new headmaster will be assigned to this school. Please assign your best men to this job. Par: Well give him a new du
11、ty. He will receive the guard duty. The school will send him to XingJiang. assign sb to do sth eg: The headmaster assigned the students to sweep the floor. The editor assigned the new reporter to cover international news. b) name, put forward (as a time, place, a reason etc.) 指定(时间,地点等), 指出(理由) assi
12、gn (a time/place) for. eg: We assigned a day in July for the performance. We assigned a day for our League meeting. We Can not assign ant reason for his failure. (说出.的理由) The doctor cant assign any cause for her illness. c) give the students as homework etc. 留作 eg: The teacher will assign 10 pages f
13、or homework. The teacher assigned the next ten questions for Sunday. assignment (n.) a) u - assigning 分派 2 eg: His assignment to a new post is not official. He is not happy about the assignment to a place of danger. b) u c homework eg: Whats todays assignment? We have a lot of assignments for today.
14、 Our assignment today is to copy the text. c) c u duty, task 服务, 任务 eg: He held the condign assign for two years. Ill soon leave for an assignment in India. The ambassadors next assignment will be in India. be on an assignment eg: Now he is on an important assignment.(several assignments) 4. all the
15、 way from a far away place 从远道 eg: He came all the way from Canada. (从.远道而来) from beginning to end eg: He stayed in the game all the way. (从未被淘汰) ranging from. (从.到.) eg: All the cadres must take part in the work, all the way from the grass-roots to the highest leading cadres (从机关到高级机关) all the jour
16、ney 一路上 eg: They walked all the way to come here. 5. bland bland (adj.) - gentle or polite in manner or talk. 行动和谈话温文有礼地 eg: He is a bland young man. blandness (n.) 6. colossus (n.) - a person or thing of very great size, or ability or importance 巨人, 巨物,巨像 pl. colossi OR colossuses. 7. so/as far as
17、. (be concerned.) 就.来说, 就.而论 (通常表示不赞同时用) - in sbs opinion eg: As far as I am concerned, the book is not so useful. Par: In his opinion, the earlier, the be Her. In my opinion, It is impossible to do it. In our opinion, he will not do so. where.is concerned 在讲到.的时候. eg: Where work is concerned, I alw
18、ays do my best. We can never be frightened, where our principles are concerned. 8. be adroit (可行的) at doing sth./in sth. - be skilful/clever eg: She is adroit at making cakes./in maths. 3 9. wind up - vt. bring. to an end; 结果 vi. come to an end 结束 eg: They wound up the evening party by singing a son
19、g. Par: It is time for you to put an end to your speech. His military career ended by his rudeness to the commander. (.wound up by.) Lets end this job today. I must end the letter now. The meeting ended at six. having the result of. in the end 最后陷入.的结局. wind up + n. eg: She wound up the winner. He w
20、ound up the present. wind up + V-ing eg: I never dreamed that I would wind up getting so much. wind up + adj. eg: He is sure to wind up drunk. wind up + prep. phrase eg: Be careful, you could wind up by getting hurt. Note. The implied meaning of and you wind up counting your empty seats is: The end
21、result of hiring boxing artists is that you have few spectators; because boxing fans are not interested in watching boxing artists. 10. hit sb. in./on. eg: He hit me on the forehead/in the face. 11. a flurry of - a gust of; a great deal of eg: a flurry of excitement/alarm 12. appoint appoint (v.) a)
22、 fix or decide 指定; 决定; eg: We will appoint 8 oclock as the time to begin. They appointed him to collect the books. b) choose and name 指派, 委任 appoint sb. + n. eg: They appointed him the manager. appoint sb + to be eg: They appointed him to be the manager. appoint sb to + place/post eg: He was appoint
23、ed to the position./to Beijing. c) give orders to do sth 命令 appoint that . (should) be done 4 eg: He appointed that the work should be done. appointment (n.) a) appointing 约定; 任用; 委派 eg: Hes appointment runs for 2 years. (任职) The appointment of Anne as a secretary pleased all her friends. b) arrange
24、ment to meet sb 约会 make an appointment with sb eg: I have made an appointment with my sister. c) position or office c eg: Ill try to get a good appointment in the business firm. 13. assess assess (v.) decide or fix, the amount/value of. 估计; 估计.的数额 assess sth at. eg: We assess the value of the proper
25、ty at $20,000. They assessed the damage at $10,000. assess sth 估价 eg: It is difficult to assess the importance of the decision. They tried to assess the situation and decide what to do. We are going to assess our teaching condition. assessment (n.) a) camount assessed uassessing 估计; 评估 eg: The teach
26、ers assessment of the book is that it is well written. Whats your assessment of the situation? b) a person who advises a judge or official committee on some matters 反方向 eg: He is working as an assessment. 14. responsibility responsibility (n.) - being responsible/being accountable/duty 责任, 负责 eg: My
27、 responsibility is to teach 2 classes. He should bear the responsibility of the accident. lay/put the responsibility on . responsible (adj.) be responsible for. eg: I am responsible for 2 classes. He should be responsible for the accident. 15. attorney n. person with legal authority to act for anoth
28、er in business or law 代理人 a letter of attorney 委任书 power of attorney 委任权 lawyer(U.S.) (=solicitor in England) 律师 16. express ones concern (over.) 对.表示关心,关怀 5 eg: Andrew expressed his concern. He expressed his concern over the problem. 17. have to do with. - be related to; concern 与.有关系 eg: This matc
29、h is very important, because it has to do with the winning or losing. The four years study has to do with my future. have much/something/nothing to do with 18. certify certify (v.) declare (usu. by giving a certificate/ after checking) that one is certain of sth, that sth is true or correct 证明.无误 ce
30、rtify sth eg: The bank certified my account. He is trying to certified the womans qualification. certify sb/sth +adj. eg: The doctor certified him mad. certify that. eg: The minister certified that his trip abroad was necessary. You must certify that that is your signature. certificate (n.) - writte
31、n or printed statement, made by sb in authority that may be used as proof or evidence of sth 证明书 eg: a birth/marriage/heath certificate a certificate of graduation certificated - having the right or authority to do sth as the result of obtaining a certificate 有证书的; 合格的 eg: He is a certificated teach
32、er/doctor/lawyer. certification (n.) 19. adequate adequate (adj.) a) enough eg: Shall we have adequate fuels in the future? The supply is not adequate to the demand. b) having the quality needed 恰当的; 胜任的; 让人满意的 eg: His knowledge is adequate for the job. adequately (adv.) 充分的; 适当的 eg: The people here
33、 are adequately dressed. negative. inadequate - not enough eg: The supply of fuels is inadequate. adequacy (n.) 胜任 eg: I doubt his adequacy for the job. 20. recuperate recuperate (v.) make or become strong again after illness, exhaustion or loss 6 恢复精力; 休养 recuperate ones health eg: He can hardly re
34、cuperate his health. He went to the seaside to recuperate. recuperate from. eg: He soon recuperated from illness/overwork. recuperation (n.) - recuperating 复原; 休养 eg: Recuperation takes a long time. 21. intervene intervene (vi.) a) interfere so as to prevent sth or change the result 干涉; 阻挠; 调停 eg: T
35、he referee intervened before the players hurt each other. intervene in. eg: The government intervened in the strike. They refused to intervene in the war. We dont want to intervene in other countries affairs. intervene between . 从中调停 eg: The woman tried to intervene between her husband and her son.
36、Dont intervene between the two drunks. b) (of events) come between others in time (事件)插入(其他事件);在其间发生;过去 Par: Ill leave on Sunday if nothing else happens.(intervenes) Years passed between the civil war and the world war. Many years passed before they met again. Nothing interesting has happened. We en
37、joyed the picnic until a thunderstorm came. intervention (n.) u:intervening c:instance of intervening 插入, 介入其间;干涉,调停 eg: The strike was settled by the intervention of the president. We hate their intervention in our affairs. The two countries will not accept outside intervention. 22. This is not whe
38、re the primary responsibility lies. Note. It is a nominal clause (名义上的从句), often introduced by when or where eg: This is where we should find the answer. Par: The audience sees a man hurt, this is the most exciting moment. - The most exciting moment is when the audience sees a man hurt. The referee
39、wants to stop the fight. The audience doesnt want to stop the fight. - This is where the referee and the audience differ. lie with sb. (responsibility) be laid on. 应由.负责任, (作决定)得靠. eg: The responsibility lies with the driver. The decision lies with the leaders. The success of our plan lies with you.
40、 7 lie in sth 在于 eg: He insisted that success lie in hard work. 23. blame blame (v.) a) find fault with; fix the responsibility on. 责备; 归咎 blame sb. eg: You make a mistake, you cant blame any body. blame sb for sth eg: He blamed the boy for his mistake. He blamed me for sth I didnt do. blame sth on
41、sb(sth) eg: He blamed his failure on his teacher. The driver blamed the accident on the conductor. The boys blamed their defeat on the weather. (sb) (sth) be to blame (不用被动) 埋怨 eg: I say he is to blame. He is more to blame than John. Nobody is to blame for it. Who is to blame for starting the fire?
42、blame (n.) responsibility for failure etc. 对失败等所应该负的责任 lay/put the blame on. 把.怪在.的身上 eg: Dont put/lay the blame on him. He is trying to lay the blame on the teacher.(for his failure) take/bear the blame (on oneself) 承担责任 eg: Im going to take all the blame on myself. He will take/bear the blame for
43、what has happened. blameless (adj.) - without shortcomings or fault eg: She has a blameless reputation. 24. promote promote (v.) a) give (sb.) higher position or rank 晋级; 擢升 promote sb. to. eg: The leaders will promote him to the rank of sergeant. Hell be promoted to associate professor. be promoted
44、 from . to. eg: He will be promoted from a soldier to an officer. promote sb. to be. eg: Well promote him to be lecturer. b) help to organize and start 协办; 筹设; 提倡; 促进 promote sth eg: to promote a new business company She is trying to promote the affair between Mary and John. 8 Mike is promoting his
45、health. Certain food promotes tooth decay. promoter (n.) - a person who promote a new trading company 发起者;促进者 promotion a) u promoting or being promoted 提升; 晋级 eg: He has good chances of promotion. He will get promotion if he works hard. b) c instance of promoting or being promoted eg: The clerk was
46、 given a promotion. Jack worked hard and received quick promotions. VI. Translation 1. 当时我是一个初出茅庐的新闻记者, 我的任务是报道国际新闻. 2. 这个运动员平时训练不严格, 在比赛中以失败告终. 3. 这个问题和我们正在研究的课题毫无关系. 4. 脑损伤和大量脑出血导致 Paret 的死亡. 5. 教练把比赛失败的责任推到运动员身上是不对的. 6. 我们估计这次洪水的损失是100万美元. 7. 在他看来, 调节夫妻之间的事情是很蠢的. 8. 为了证明他是对的, 他做了很多的调查. 9. 我讨厌他老是干涉别人的私事. 10. 这位司机把事故的责任推到卖票员身上. 9 (Suggeste
