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1、Step 1:Revision,1.Basic knowledge about attributive clauses,.,定语从句在句子中起定语作用，修饰一个名词,或代词，有时也可修饰一个句子。受定语从句修饰,的词叫,_,，定语从句通常由关系代词,_,_,或关系副词,_,引导，这些,词既指代主句中的先行词,又充当定语从句中的某个,成分。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和,_,定语从句。,先行词,that,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why,非限制性,as,1,2020/4/4,关系词的作用：,1,、连接作用,把主句和从句连接起来,2,、替代作用,在从句中代替
2、在它前面,的先行词,3,、成分作用,在从句中充当一个成分,2,2020/4/4,He is the man,(that),I told you about.,1.,that,指人,/,物，作主语,宾语或表语,(,作宾语可省略）,A plane is a machine,that,can fly.,My hometown is not the one,(that,),it used to be.,3,2020/4/4,2.which,指物，,作主语或宾语,(,作宾语可省略,),These are the trees,which,were planted,last year.,This recor
3、der,（,which,）,he is using is,made in Japan.,Is this the library,(which),you borrow,books from?,4,2020/4/4,关系代词,:,3.who,指人,作主语或宾语,(,作宾语可省略）,The man,who,I talked with is our teacher.,A person,who,steals things is called a thief.,4.whom,指人,作宾语,(,作宾语可省略,),The man,(whom/who),I nodded to is Mr.Li.,5,2020/
4、4/4,?,5,.,Whose,既可以修饰人也可以修饰物,在句子中作定语，不可以,省略。,?,The child,whose,parents are dead is Tom,?,The book whose cover is lost belongs to me.,6,2020/4/4,关系词,先行词所指,关系词在句,中作用,是否可省,关系,代词,that,人,/,物,主、宾、表,宾可省,which,物,主、宾、,宾可省,who,人,主、宾,宾可省,whom,人,宾,可,whose,人,/,物,定,不可,as,人,/,物,/,事情,主、宾、表,宾可省,关系,副词,when,时间,时间状语,不可
5、,where,地点,地点状语,不可,why,原因,原因状语,不可,7,2020/4/4,1.,先行词是不定代词,all,few,little,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,等时。,Do,you,know,everything,(that),he,said?,He,bought,nothing,(that,),he,was,interested,in.,Little,that,is,important,is,done.,2.,先行词被,all,any,every,few,little,no,some,等修饰时。,All,the,books,
6、that,were,published,last,year,were,very,valuable.,Every,boy,(that),the,teacher,taught,in,that,school,is,smart.,3.,先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及,the,only,the,very,the,last,等词,修饰时。,This,is,the,very,book,(that,),I,am,looking,after.,The,only,computer,that,was,bought,in,the,shopping,mall,is,broken.,关系代词只能用,that,不用,w
7、hich.,8,2020/4/4,?,4.,先行词同时包含了人和物时。,He still remembers,the things and the persons,(that),he knew at,school ten years ago.,?,5.,先行词在定语从句中作,to be,的表语时。,The boy is,that boy,(that),he used to be,?,6.,以,who,或者,which,开头的句子里含有定语从句并且关系代词在,定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语时。,Who,is the man,that,helped you with your English,？,W
8、hich,is the machine,that,was produced by your factory?,9,2020/4/4,Practice,1.The man _,_,stands there is Tom.,2.The girl _ I met is Ms,Li.,3.The boy _,_,watch was lost is Tom.,4.The book _ lies on the desk is his.,5.The pen _ you bought is good.,6.The magazine _ cover is red is,nice.,who/that,(whom/
9、that),whose,which/that,(,which/that),whose,10,2020/4/4,practice,1.,Everything,_,you say to him goes in one ear,and out the other.,2.,All,_ is needed is a supply of oil.,3.The train is,the last,_ will go to Shanghai.,4.,The boy and the dog,_ are in the picture are,very lovely.,5.,The first,lesson _ I
10、 learned will be forgotten,6.,The way,_,you are doing it is completely crazy.,that,that,that,that,that,that,11,2020/4/4,I dont like,the way,(,that,/,in which,)he speaks,to me.,注意,:,当先行词是,the way,时,关系词用,:,that/,不填,/in which.,12,2020/4/4,Which,用法,which,可以,引,导非,限,制性定语从,句，,that,不能。,He,had,failed,in,the,
11、maths,exam,，,which,made,his,father,very,angry,.,which,可以,用,在介,词,后，,that,不可。,That,is,the,house,in,which,Mark,Twain,used,to,live,一个句子中若有两个,定语从句，一个用,that,引导。另一个不能再用,that,，而用,which,。,He,bought,an,American,magazine,that,could,give,him,so,much,English,knowledge,and,which,could,help,him,to,kill,the,time,13
12、,2020/4/4,5.Whose,注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：,the+n+of which;of which+the+n.,指人时，常用下列结构来代替：,the+n+of whom;of whom+the+n.,Do you like the book,whose cover is green,?,Do you like the book,of which,the cover is green?,14,2020/4/4,?,6.as,通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做主语,/,宾,语。,当先行词受,as,such,the same,修饰时，关系词常用,as,。,?,I have ne
13、ver heard such stories,as he tells.,?,This is the same dictionary,as I lost last week.,?,注意：当先行词受,the same,修饰时，偶尔也用,that,表同一个，但,as,表同一类。,?,She wore the same dress,that she wore at Mary,s,wedding.,?,She wore the same dress,as her younger sister wore.,15,2020/4/4,This is the same pen _I lost yesterday
14、.,A.as B.that,C.the one D.A&B,D,比较：,.the same pen,as,I lost.,表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像,。,则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支。,.the same pen,that,I lost.,16,2020/4/4,区别,：,such.as,引导定语从句,He is,such,a clever boy,as,everyone likes.,引导结果状语从句,such.that,He is,such,a clever boy,that,everyone likes.,他是一个人人喜欢的聪明的男孩。,他是一个聪明的男孩以致人人喜欢他。,17,202
15、0/4/4,?,which,和,as,都可以引导非限制性定语从句,as,引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前，,也可放在主句之后甚至可以分割主句。,which,引导的非限性定语从句只能放在,主句之后,。另外，,as,常有,“正,如”“正像”,的含义。,?,China is a developing country,，,as is known to all,?,众所周知，中国是发展中国家。,?,John,as you know,，,is a writer,?,正如你所知，约翰是个作家。,?,He was very rude to the customs officer,，,which of course,made things even worse,?,他对海关官员非常无礼，这当然使事情更糟糕了。,18,2020/4/4,
