雅思口语ppt课件.ppt

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1、IELTS-Speaking Module&Criteria,Chapter One,The test is 11-14 minutes long and involves you speaking to a native English speaker who is trained to assess your spoken English against IELTS criteria.The test is also recorded.There are three stages to the test:,Part 1(4-5 minutes)You answer short questi

2、ons from the examiner about yourself and everyday situation.Or you will be asked to talk about your personal situation(family,job,university study,etc.),Part 2(3-4 minutes)The examiner will give you a card with a topic on it and you must talk for between one and two minutes based on your own experie

3、nce.The examiner will give you a pencil and a piece of paper and allow you one minute to write notes in preparation for your presentation.,Part 3(4-5minutes)You discuss some general but more abstract topics with the examiner that are related to the Part 2 talk.Part Three of the speaking test is the

4、most important part because it is in this part of the test the examiner establishes your final speaking score.,IELTS speaking criteria,9分Expert User.Has fully operational command of the language:appropriate,accurate and fluent with complete understanding成绩极佳,能将英语运用自如、精确、流利并能完全理解;8分Very Good User.Has

5、 fully operational command of the language with only occasional unsystematic inaccuracies and inappropriacies.Misunderstandings may occur in unfamiliar situations.Handles complex detailed argumentation well非常良好,能将英语运用自如,只是偶尔有不连接的错误和不恰当,在不熟悉的状况下可能出现误解,可将复杂细节的争论掌握的相当好;,7分Good User.Has operational comm

6、and of the language,though with occasional inaccuracies,inappropriacies and misunderstandings in some situations.Generally handles complex language well and understands detailed reasoning良好,有能力运用英语,虽然在某些情况有时会发生不准确、不适当和误解,大致可将复杂的英语掌握的不错,也理解其全部内容.6分Competent User.Has generally effective command of the

7、 language despite some inaccuracies,inappropriacies and misunderstandings.Can use and understand fairly complex language,paricularly in familiar situations(澳大利亚移民&英国留学分数线)及格。大致能有效的运用英语,虽然有不准确、不适当和误解发生,能使用并理解相当复杂的英语,特别是在熟悉的情况时;,5分Modest User.Has partial command of the language,coping with overall mea

8、ning in most situations,though is likely to make many mistakes.Should be able to handle basic communication in own field(加拿大移民&新西兰移民分数线)适当及格,可部分运用英语,在大多数情况下可应付全部的意思,虽然可能犯下许多错误,在本身领域内应可掌握基本的沟通;4分Limited User.Basic competence is limited to familiar situations.Has frequent problems in understanding and

9、 expression.Is not able to use complex language(英国预科分数线)水平有限,只限在熟悉的状况下有基本的理解力,在理解与表达上常发生问题,无法使 用复杂英语;,3分Extremely Limited User.Conveys and understands only general meaning in very familiar situations.Frequent breakdowns in communication occur水平极有限,在极熟悉的情况下,只能进行一般的沟通理解;2分 Intermittent User.No real co

10、mmunication is possible except for the most basic information using isolated words or short formulae in familiar situations and to meet immediate needs.Has great difficulty understanding spoken and written English只属于偶尔使用英语,除非在熟悉的情况,使用单词和简短的短句表达最基本的信息,在说写方面有重大的障碍;1分Non User.Essentially has no ability

11、 to use the language beyond possibly a few isolated words不能通过,可能只能说几个单词,无法沟通。,Reality,数据显示,中国的雅思考生口语成绩能达到七分或以上的不到5%,过半的人为了六分而奋斗。,Communication Counts IELTS Coaches,Ive focused much attention on teaching speaking in an ESL class.Due to my working experience in tackling with IELTS speaking module,Ive

12、encountered with some interesting ideas about teaching speaking.,1.The importance of logical organization in producing discourse.With well organized structure,same discourse could be easier understood by listener,which to certain degree enhanced students communicative competency on a sustained lingu

13、istic level.Communication is a two way interaction with speaker and listener and effective communication indicates effective exchange of information.,One example of this would be,when being asked to talk about advantages and disadvantages of certain topics,an answer which lists advantages than disad

14、vantages would be easier to follow than an answer which tends to hop over advantages and disadvantages randomly.,2.The importance of discourse marker.Due to lacking knowledge of applying“filler”in a conversation,students tend to have no choice but remain silent while encountering difficulties while

15、organizing discourse.Applying discourse marker in communicating can help students to achieve higher fluency and obtain more real life English practice.,3.The importance of seeking common backgrounds in understanding.While trying to convey an image or idea through speaking,it would be more effective

16、through projecting that against a common knowledge background with the listener,such as using metaphor.This common knowledge background would definitely help listeners better understand discourse.One example would be:“He is a very famous businessman in my country,just like Bill Gates in yours.”,4.Th

17、e importance of utilizing L1.Although we encourage students to think in English rather than translate L1 thinking in their mind,this seems to be an inevitable process among low level English learners.Tense anxiety on attempting to organizing discourse with English thinking easily distracts students

18、attention on what they want to say.Id encourage low-level students try to organize ideas with L1 first,than try to express the gist through L2.After all,if they dont know what to say,how to say it wont be a problem at all.,5.The importance of identifying different discourse modes.The introducing of

19、discourse modes to students would enable them to be more function-focused while producing discourse.For different modes,different purpose leads to particular style of discourse.For example,modes for describing procedure would have more demands for logical structure while modes for explaining would f

20、ocusing more on eliciting causation.,Having students aware and practice these skills,which seems more like communicative competency than linguistic competency,not only can help them produce more effective discourse on a sustained English level,but also can help them build up confidence in further st

21、udy in English.,Case Analysis:Describe a city,考生A:Beijing is a large city.It is the capital of China.Beijing has many tourist attractions,such as,the Great Wall,the Palace Museum,and the Summer Palace.Beijing Roast Duck is very delicious.Peking Opera is amazing.Beijing successfully held the 2008 Oly

22、mpic Games.,专家点评:该考生的确给出了关于一个城市的较多信息,但是表达十分生硬,片面追求答案只会给自己增加难度,其结果往往是吞吞吐吐,断断续续,最后因为所给的每句答案都过于简短直接因而还撑不满一分钟就无话可说了。即使考试的时候能够将这段话几乎无停顿地流利顺畅地讲出来并且还给出了足够的信息讲满了一分钟(基本上不可能,除非考前准备过),那么听起来也绝对像是背书,考官会猜疑答案是“记熟”的。相反,如果多一些连贯性用语那么结果就大不一样了。,考生B:OK,the city I am going to talk about is Beijing.Well,as you may probabl

23、y know,it is a large city.And um,it is the capital of China.I suppose if I had to describe Beijing,the first thing I would say is that it offers tourists so many wonderful places to go,you know,the Great Wall,the Palace Museum,and uh,of course,the Summer Palace.Another reason to visit Beijing is the

24、 Roast Duck,which is really,really delicious.I am sure you are gonna love it!Also,you cant miss the Peking Opera.Its amazing!.,专家点评:考生B还未将A 列的信息点都讲完就已经明显在篇幅上胜出了。这要归功于连贯语(划线处)的使用,不仅内容显得更丰富了,表达方式也更自然了,条理似乎也清晰了,这才是交流。,Coach Two,Most of IELTS students have an excellent knowledge on grammar.Unfortunately

25、,these excellent grammars can not be shown in their Oral English and usually they commit unnecessary and simple mistakes.Although it is not necessary for students to focus on grammar while conversing with other people and vice versa,grammar is an important marking criterion in IELTS oral test.,There

26、 are a variety of reasons why students commit errors in their grammar during speaking.Therefore,students should be aware of why they are having these faults and start to correct them to be able to have a higher oral band score in the exam.The following are the common reasons why students often commi

27、t grammatical error:,Translating habit-The basic translation theory,the differences between English and Chinese language and the common translation skills should be mastered.English and Chinese have different culture background so not all words,phrases or sentences can be directly translated.Some st

28、udents force themselves to translate everything from Chinese to English.Therefore,most of the things they say seem odd or grammatically wrong because the sentence structure of the two language is different.,Usage of He/She-There is no difference in expressing man or woman in Chinese that is why many

29、 students always commit this mistake in their speaking.Especially if they are talking in long and complicated sentences they tend to mix he to she.So,some of the students may wonder why they do not have a high score in the test,maybe they have this kind of error during the test without noticing it.,

30、Identifying Tenses Some students may not understand the question of the examiner very well so in their answer,the tenses they use are totally different from the question.Nevertheless,their answer would be totally irrelevant to the topic.Proper tenses are necessary for the listener to understand what

31、 you want to express.Misunderstanding will occur if the tense is wrong.,Familiarity of Part of speechWords should be mastered in several ways.Some students have a difficulty to differentiate words in noun,adjective and verb because they tend to concentrate on memorizing only the original word itself

32、.Although it will not affect the thing you want to express but it is considered a serious grammar error.,The purpose of learning correct grammar is to help speakers say clearly what they want to express.You can also acknowledge a persons language ability by how well his/her grammar is.It is sensible

33、 to use English grammar as a tool to help you to communicate,understand and master English.You learn grammar only through language phenomena because it comes from it.So you learn those rules and do some exercises to practice them to be able to gain a higher band score in IELTS oral English test.,IEL

34、TS Taker One,看见很多所谓的口语“技巧”,实在是忍不住了,上来说一句本人口语7分的经验吧。首先声明,本人英语水平实在不高,9月份雅思(G)听力6,阅读5.5,作文5.5,口语7,这次刚考完的听力估计又是6了,阅读不敢想,希望可以到6.5,作文又砸了,大作文都没写完,不敢奢望6了,口语肯定考的不会比上次差。而且这1个半月来从没看过口语。,口语我认为是4门考试里面最容易的,说这话并不是因为我口语能考到7,是因为口语的特性决定的。你想啊,阅读,听力都可能因为你的一个小疏忽而丢分,尤其是那些和我一样有马虎习惯的同志们,稍不留神就丢分。口语考试没有疏忽一说啊,不存在拼写问题,没有标准,语法也

35、不是问题,而且最最重要的是,其他3门考试你都是被动的,只有口语你是主动的。虽然题目是考官给出的,但是殊途同归,方式方法可是你决定的。言归正传,说我为什么鄙视那些“技巧”吧。那些所谓的“技巧”背离了口语考试的2大原则:,1倡导考生说瞎话!可能有人会说根据教材准备的内容不是瞎话啊,但那些就算不是假的,也是套话吧?千篇一律的标准!一说你最爱的人,不是你妈就是你爸,一说一件体育盛世,肯定是北京奥运,一说体育明星,离不了姚明和刘翔,要是说电影明星,葛尤的中标率肯定不低这些套话充满了赞美之情,好听,但是没思想,更没人味,基本和人民日报社论的基调差不多。这种方式有3大损害。A是考官不信任你,甚至蔑视你。人家

36、也不傻,你背出来的东西能听不出来?重则考官会觉得你胡弄他,轻则觉得你没思想。他如果看不上你,还能给你高分么?,B如果10个人里面有9个都选奥运会作为体育盛世的话题内容,你怎么肯定你比其他8个人说的更好?C那么多套题,除非你是复读机,否则你决定背不下来。如果问到了你没准备的考题,无非出现2种情况,1是你傻眼了,2是你转话题。千万别低估考官的智力,如果你自作聪明的转话题,他肯定会知道并且会介意的。,2忽视了口语考试的目的。口语考的是什么?是沟通能力!很多考生都以为口语考的只是说,结果就用背来应付考试。口语考试是2个人的沟通,如果你只是把考官当一个只会发音没大脑的复读机,那么你在他心目中的位置大概也

37、不会比这高。所以这点再次证明那些口语教材的无用。所以我不惧怕任何话题,问什么都行。,举个例子,如果考官让你谈谈对化妆流行趋势的看法,估计男的基本都傻眼。这题难么?如果考官是中国人,用中国话问你,你怎么说?其实用什么语言问都一样,知道就说知道,不知道就说不知道。但是,你需要给出不知道的理由。这就是沟通!坦白说,如果考官问你不熟悉的话题更好,因为正好你可以用你熟悉的事情来作为你不了解那个领域的理由。刚考完的这次,考官问我怎么和朋友聚会,我说我都不记得上次和朋友聚会啥时候了,我家就我一个工作,上有老下有小,我一点空闲时间都没有聚个P会(我说的实话),他要是没拦着我,我能和他念叨一下午。,听到很多人抱

38、怨说考官问的话题是没准备过的,而且“教材”也千方百计去偷真题,其实大家都忽略了一个很重要的事情,那就是雅思口语考试是没有所谓标准的。你能很好的和你面前的人沟通才是口语考试的真谛,考官期待的不是你给出的标准,而是你真实的沟通能力。有人会置疑我刚才举的例子是转移话题,我真的没有,我只是用最正常和合理的方式在交流。雅思口语考试的话题涉及我们生活的方方面面,但是没有人真的了解每个方面的内容吧?不了解怎么办?实话实说呗。,综上所述,口语教材害人不浅,它们都大张旗鼓地宣扬所谓技巧和范围,却没见到一本真正教导大家用正确态度面对雅思口语的,实在是误导了大批烤鸭。我的方法笨,但绝对有效!,口语考试没有捷径,真的

39、没有,只有一个字,练。还别瞎练,闭门造车肯定没戏。我用了4个月时间,这期间我雇了一老美,每次2小时,每个星期2次,没别的,说!开始我们还说口语和作文题的范围,后来就海阔天空了。其实口语考试的范围本身也是海阔天空,什么都有。4个月过去了,我从开口连she和he 都有时候会说错到和那老美沟通一点没问题了。如果有人需要缩短时间,那很简单,你就天天找老外聊,我敢肯定40天绝对见效。当然了,找个老外是要付出代价的。这4个月我花了 1W多。,最后再补充几点。还有几个我认为是误区的事情存在。1是礼貌问题,基本礼仪是要有,但是什么是对考官最大的尊重?用真诚的话语和态度与他沟通是对他最大的尊重!如果你用无比殷勤

40、的举止加上你烂熟于心的套话去迎接他,那简直是对他智慧的侮辱。,如果要是说礼仪,不如说几点书上没说过的吧,考试前您得收拾的干净点吧,把头洗了把胡子刮了,不说穿成什么样,干干净净见人才是西方传统上的一个很重要的礼貌行为之一。其次,口语考试很多都是下午考,中午吃了什么无关紧要,考之前您起码嚼块口香糖去去味这也算是礼貌吧。试想如果考官连你中午吃的是什么都能猜出来,他还有多大心思放在你说的内容上呢?,OK,就这么多,信的人跟着走,不信的也别拍砖,反正这就是我的观点。不过说回来,我英语水平这么差的都能考前不用复习就把口语考到7,我的方法怎么说也是有效的吧。,Taker Two,我先说说我前两次考鸭的口语成

41、绩吧,分别都是4分。惨!考的时候,我并不知道为何这么低分的,我可是有充分准备的,而那些并没有我这般充分准备的战友们,却个个都至少考5分,甚至更高,why?但现在我才知道,就是因为这个该死的评分标准。,雅思口语评分标准:f,v,g,p,考口语时,F得6分,V得6分,G得5分,P得6分,总分23,那么你口语成绩为6分。如果你考口语时,F得5分,V得6分,G得5分,P得6分,总分22,那么你口语成绩只有5分。如果你考口语时,F得7分,V得6分,G得4分,P得6分,总分23,那么你口语成绩为6分。由此可见,只有四项总分至少为23分,你才可以得6分的口语成绩,否则,22分也才得5分的成绩。,F:即flu

42、ency,就是你的口语流畅度。如果在考官问你问题的时候,你可以很流畅地回答,期间没有明显停顿,或没有明显思考的停顿的话(如果用时间计算的话,大概=5秒),那么你在这部分最多只能拿5分,甚至更低。,另外,如果你听不清楚考官问什么问题时,一定要考官重复一遍,这是不会扣你分的,而且是你的权利。因为不同考官口音的不同,有时候会出现听不清楚问题是很正常的,考官是允许你让他重复一次问题的,(这是考口语,又不是考听力,对不?)如果对方重复了一次问题,你还是听不清楚,呵呵,你只好猜了,再要重复,人家可能要扣你分了。你可以说:Im sorry,do you want me to talk about XXXXX

43、?,总结:反正在F这部分,要求的就是你口语流畅,只要你没有停顿(停下来=5秒),那么你在这部分至少就可以得6分。明白吗?(P.S.:我在前两次考鸭中,口语都是停停说说的,怪不得我才得4分了。在第二次考试中,我还故作沉思状,哎,怪不得死得一样惨。),V:即vocabulary,就是你说口语时所用到的词汇。其实,在这部分,一般很容易拿到6分的,只要你不要用错词汇。而且,在考口语时,也不需要你说一些多难多深奥的词汇,只要说一些一般的语汇就OK了。因为,即使是考官,他在平时说英语的时候,也不会用多深奥的词汇。就如你在平常生活,会跟别人说分,你所说的词汇,能简单就简单,而且要直接明白,能让考官知道和清楚

44、你的意思。如果你要用高深的词汇也可以,但千万别用错词意了。,总结:词汇一定用你熟悉的,简单也无所谓,只要没用错,你肯定在这部分至少有6分。(当然,如果你想更高分,还可以用一些深奥的词汇,这可是对于那些英语过了4级6级的高手而言。),G:即grammar,就是你说口语时所说到的语法。说口语时,要小心语法,以及一些英语短语,不要用错了。否则你会好惨。如果你的语法出了一些错误(少量的),那么你还是可以得到6分的。但是,一但语法错得比较多(占4成左右),那么你就肯定在这部分的得分少于6分了。另外,如果你基本上没有语法出错,你在这部分拿7分也是容易的事。,要注意的语法是:过去时。因为大多数人都会在“过去

45、时”出错的。在口语考试时,你会经常地说到一些过去的事情,无论什么topic,你所说的内容,大部分都是“过去时”的,所以你在练习口语语法时,要主攻过去式的说法。其实你只要熟练掌握一般过去时就OK了。(主要注意:当你说得快的时候,会很容易忘记时态的,在说过去时的时候就会很容易忘记把动词变成过去式。所以要必须注意!)另外还要掌握一般现在时,因为当考官问你一些意见时,从你的主观角度出发,全都是一般现在时的。其实考口语所需要的语法要求并不高,只要有高中水平就OK了。,总结:如果你可以好好地,熟练地掌握中学所教的英语语法以及短语,而且把它转化为口语去掌握,那么你在这部分至少有6分的水平(P.S.:俺的语法

46、水平从来都不好,说得急了,就忘了什么时态了,所以前两次才得4分。大家要留意这点血的教训!),P:即pronunciation,就是你的口语发音了。这个说难不难,说易不易,有些人有语言的天份,天生发音比较准确,而有些人天生没有语言的天分,发音不准确,例如本人。但这是硬功夫,没办法,这个单词你不懂发音?你必须要弄懂它!或者避重就轻,别用它!用其它单词代替。但,用其它单词,又有可能用错词意,那么又会在V部分丢分了,所以在P部分是比较麻烦的。你必须掌握一些平时常用的单词发音。,发音针对练习方法(只适合于发音不好的人):收集口语topic,然后自己针对这些topic写些内容。全写好了,把内容里面自己不太

47、懂发音或没信心说好的单词换去,如果实在换不去,就硬吃这些单词,练好发音。这样做的话,虽然不能全面加强你的发音,但是却可以针对口语考试里最大限度地减少你发音错误的机会。,总结:你的发音要标准清楚,这样才能让考官听得清楚明白。在你说口语的时候,你可以注意一下考官的表情,如果他皱眉头什么的,可能就是你在某个单词上有发音不正确的地方了.,1、进入考场的时候,一定要和考官打招呼,讲句“good morning”什么的都可以,而且要有精神和很神气地说,让人家在第一映象上觉得你是懂英语的,且让他感觉你在说:“come on!ask me question!”2、说口语的时候尽量说多点,最好说到考官叫停,因为

48、这是测试你的口语水平,说得越多越好,如果你回答完当前问题后,你可以继续说一些和这个问题相关的内容,多举例子。这样考官会认为你很会说。另外,不能说得太快,要正常语速。你又不是要和考官玩急口令,对不?你也不想人家也用急速问你问题吧。,Summary,从这四部分评分标准中,我们可以很容易地看出,F和V是很容易达到6分或更高,只要我们说口语时不停顿,且没有词汇出错(当然了,不懂的词汇我们是不会说的,懂的全都是容易的,不易错)。所以,从分析中得知,这两部分对于自身的英语水平要求并不高,我们应该在F和V这两部分全拿下6分(或更高)。,另外,在G部分,就需要注意一点了,只要不要出现说急了,忘记时态的情况出现

49、,G也可以轻松拿下6分的。最后,只剩P部分了,我可以肯定地说,能拿雅思口语6分的人,发音肯定不错的!所以对于那些有语言天分的人来说,这部分是他们的强项,拿下6分不成问题。而对于那些发音不标准的人来说(例如本人),那么就必须强攻这方面了!如果实在不行,那么可以避重就轻,加强口语流畅度,拿下7分,填补发音的4分,你一样可以得到口语6分!因为在这四部分中:F的分是最容易拿的了,只要你不停地说,拿6分以上,不成问题!,Mock IELTS,考官:“Do you like Music?”考生:“Yes,I do.理由:Cuz music makes me feel relaxed.例子:for exam

50、ple,sweet and light music are the best choice.,观点(旧):yes,I do观点(新):yes,Im pretty keen on music,Im just so passionate about it,really a big fan of it.回答要流利,并且态度上要表达出愿意沟通的意愿,还有词汇,和表达上也要有一定的词汇基础。,理由(旧)Cuz music makes me feel relaxed.理由(新):Cuz music can purify your mind.When listening to the music,all t

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