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1、基于语料库的英语口语句型研究 基于语料库的英语口语句型研究 A Corpus-based Study on Patterns of Spoken English 【中文摘要】 近年来,随着中国不断的开放和发展,英语在国际交往中发挥着越来越重要的作用,英语口语教学也得到了越来越多的重视,但是很多学生在经过多年的英语学习之后还是很难与英语本族语使用者进行日常交流。所以,加强英语口语教学是十分必要的。本文以ICE-GB国际英语语料库英国英语分库为基础,采用对比分析的方法,借助计算机辅助手段,特别是一组Microsoft Visual FoxPro程序和一系列统计检验方法,通过英国本族语使用者英语口语
2、和书面语的对比,对英语句型进行了定量、定性分析。作者主要分析了英语口语及书面语的句长,高频句型及重点句型,如倒装句,There句型等,并对他们的共同点与不同点进行了归纳分析。研究结果表明,在句长方面,英国本族语者的口语句长小于书面语句长,分别为10.71和17.70。在句型方面,英国本族语者使用的口语句型多于书面语,但口语与书面语的前四十种高频句型大体相同。口语中使用频率最高的句型为SVO,而书面语中使用频率最高的句型为SVA,这表明口语的目的性更强而书面语则倾向于描述。与书面语不同,口语不倾向于某些固定句型;口语虽然使用多种句型,但各种句型所占比例都不大。口语及书面语的共有句式有71种,它们
3、在各自分库中所占比例都很大。同时口语及书面语都有一些独有句型,但这些独有句型各自所占的比例很小【英文摘要】 Based on the ICE-GB corpus,this thesis aims at analyzing the patterns of spoken English of ICE-GB.The study first investigates the sentence length of both the spoken and written components of ICE-GB,and then moves to the analysis and interpretati
4、on of the major sentence patterns,particularly from the perspectives of high frequency sentence patterns,inversion patterns,reduced sentence patterns and so on.Finally,the similarities and differences between the spoken and written components of ICE-GB are analyzed.Through a systematic study,the fol
5、lowing conclusions are drawn.Firstly, sentences in spoken language are shorter than written language.The mean sentence length of the spoken component of ICE-GB is 10.71,which is shorter than that of the written component of ICE-GB - 17.70.Then,the number of sentence patterns of the spoken component
6、of ICE-GB is larger than that of the written component;the compositions of the top 40 sentence patterns are almost the same.In addition,in the spoken component of ICE-GB,SVO is used most often;whereas in the written component of ICE-GB,SVA is used most often.It shows that spoken English is more dire
7、ct and informative.Different from written language,spoken language does not prefer certain patterns;it uses various types of sentence patterns and each of them occupies a small percentage of the total number of sentence patterns.There are 71 types of shared sentence patterns between the spoken and w
8、ritten components of ICE-GB,and the shared sentence patterns occupy a large proportion of the total sentence patterns respectively.Further,there are spoken-only and written-only sentence patterns,but they both occupy very small percentages of the total sentence patterns respectively.【中文关键词】 语料库; 英语口
9、语; 句长; 句型 【英文关键词】 Corpus; Spoken English; Sentence Pattern; Sentence Length 【论文目录】摘要 5-6 Abstract 6 Chapter 1 Introduction 11-15 1.1 Research Background 11-12 1.2 The Importance of Syntax and Structure Patterns 12 1.3 Significance of the Study 12-13 1.4 Research Questions 13 1.5 Terminology 13-14 1.
10、6 Layout of the Thesis 14-15 Chapter 2 Literature Review 15-34 2.1 Linguistic Features of Spoken English 15-21 2.1.1 Different Views Towards the Grammar of Spoken and Written English 15-16 2.1.2 Stylistic Features of Spoken English 16-19 2.1.2.1 Repetition in Spoken Language 17-18 2.1.2.2 Inexplicit
11、ness in Spoken Language 18 2.1.2.3 Personalization in Spoken Language 18-19 2.1.3 Lexical Features of Spoken English 19-21 2.1.3.1 Informal Words 19-20 2.1.3.2 Generalized Vocabulary 20-21 2.1.3.3 Contractions and Abbreviations 21 2.2 Patterns in Language Acquisition Studies 21-22 2.3 Pattern Gramma
12、r 22-28 2.3.1 Different Views Towards Pattern 23-26 2.3.2 Definition of Pattern 26-27 2.3.3 Application of Pattern Grammar to Pedagogy 27-28 2.4 Clause Patterns 28-34 2.4.1 Quirks Classification of Clause Structures 28-30 2.4.2 Huddlestons Point of View Towards Clause Structures 30-31 2.4.3 Bibers C
13、lassification of Clause Patterns 31-34 Chapter 3 Research Methodology 34-46 3.1 Corpus-based Approach 34-35 3.2 Corpus Used in the Study 35-43 3.2.1 Introduction to ICE-GB 35-37 3.2.2 Transcription and Markup of ICE-GB 37-38 3.2.3 Part-of-speech Tagging of ICE-GB 38-40 3.2.4 Syntactic Marking of ICE
14、-GB 40-43 3.3 Tools for Data Processing 43 3.4 Procedures for Data Collection 43-46 3.4.1 Decoding 43-44 3.4.2 Tokenization 44 3.4.3 Lemmatization 44-46 Chapter 4 Results and Discussion 46-68 4.1 Vocabulary Size 46 4.2 Sentence Length 46-53 4.2.1 Sentence Length of ICE-GB-S 47-49 4.2.2 Sentence Leng
15、th of ICE-GB-W 49-50 4.2.3 Comparison of Sentence Length Between ICE-GB-S and ICE-GB-W 50-53 4.3 Sentence Patterns 53-68 4.3.1 Sentence Patterns of ICE-GB-S 53-57 4.3.2 Sentence Patterns of ICE-GB-W 57-60 4.3.3 Comparison of Sentence Patterns between ICE-GB-S and ICE-GB-W 60-68 4.3.3.1 Similarities
16、oflCE-GB-S and ICE-GB-W 60-61 4.3.3.2 Differences Between ICE-GB-S and ICE-GB-W 61-68 Chapter 5 Conclusion 68-72 5.1 Major Findings of the Study 68-70 5.2 Some Pedagogical Implications 70 5.3 Limitations and Suggestions for Further Studies 70-72 References 72-77 Appendix 77-79 Appendix 79-80 Appendix 80-83 Appendix 83-87 Appendix 87-89 Appendix 89-91 Acknowledgements 91-92 Resume 92-93 致谢 93
