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1、（一）外文资料原文Large-screen display systems research- Ja now R H. Large-screen display system: U.S. Patent 5,394,198P. 1995-2-28.Led development along with computer technologys high speed development, LED (Light Emitting Diode) the screen display system takes after the television, the broadcast, the newsp
2、aper, the magazine “the fifth big media” marches into the social life fast each aspect. Its collection microelectronic technology, the computer technology, the information processing and management technology in a body, may the information through the writing, the design, the animation and the video
3、 frequency four forms demonstrates. With media and so on bank of television monitors, magnetism vane compares, the LED large screen display system has the design to be artistic, the color is sharp; The design, the color change are rich, are fast; The low power loss, the long life, the use cost low,
4、work stably reliable and so on characteristics. It demonstrated the chart article angle of view is big, the apparent distance is far, thus has widely applied in the large-scale square, the commercial advertizing, the sports complexes, the information dissemination, the news issue, the securities tra
5、ding; It also applies in the industrial control and the industry reassignment system, is advantageous each kind of parameter, the alarm point, the technical process demonstrates clearly perfect, may satisfy the different environment the need. The LED display monitor is one kind of use computer and t
6、he complex digital signal processing electron advertisements propaganda screen. Its screen body part by the microprocessor (is mainly monolithic integrated circuit) and the driving circuit control movement, demonstrated the image or the writing obtain by the computer edition software editor. Because
7、 the LED display monitor this kind of new generation information graphic display device has the demonstration design to be stable, the power loss is low, life long and so on characteristics, moreover it synthesized each kind of information graphic display devices strong point, and has overcome own i
8、nsufficiency, because specially a display monitor may demonstrate that the different content, the display mode is rich. Therefore in the public area, it has the intense advertisements propaganda and the information transmission effect, already in the solid demonstrated day by day occupies the domina
9、nt position. The LED display monitors prospects for development are extremely broad, at present toward the high luminance, a higher weather fastness, the higher luminous density, the higher illumination uniformity, the reliability, the panchromatic direction is developing. Is composed of the differe
10、nt materials semiconductor can send out the different color the LED crystal spot. At present what applies is broadest is red, the green, yellow LED. But the blue color and the pure green LED development had already achieved the practical stage.LED display monitors classificationLED display monitors
11、classified LED display monitor is many kinds of technical synthesis application product, involves photoelectronics, the semiconductor device, the digit electronic circuit, the large scale integrated circuit, the monolithic integrated circuit and the microcomputer and so on each aspect, both has the
12、hardware and to have software . After the LED display monitor is takes the broadcast, the television, the newspaper, the magazine another new communication media. At present the LED display monitor basis uses the place to be different, may divide into the outdoor screen and the indoor screen two kin
13、ds, its main difference is photo tubes illumination brightness is different. But acts according to the content which demonstrated different also to be possible to divide into the image screen and the writing screen two kinds, the image screen may the display image as well as multimedia, but writing
14、screen main demonstration writing or simple fixed image. Display images multimedia outdoor screens are the investment huge (reaches as high as several millions) the large-scale upscale equipment, main application in large-scale public place, image project and some important places. The LED display m
15、onitors application involves to social economy many domains, already spread the transportation, the negotiable securities, the telecommunication, the advertisement, the propaganda and so on each aspect. LED display monitors trend of developmentAt present the LED display monitors demonstration to the
16、 high luminance, a higher weather fastness, the higher illumination uniformity, a higher reliability, the panchromatic, the multimedia directions develops, systems movement, the operation and the maintenance also to the integration, the network, the intellectualized direction develop. The 21st centu
17、rys display technology will be the panel display time, the LED display monitor takes one of panel display leadership products to have a bigger development.1. since the high luminance, entire color blue color and the green superelevation brightness LED product has appeared, the cost reduces fast year
18、 by year, causes the LED entire colored display monitor product cost to drop, the promoted speed speeds up. At the same time, along with control technologys development and the LED display monitor body stable enhancement, the entire colored LED display monitors brightness, the color, white balanced
19、achieves the quite ideal effect, definitely may satisfy the outdoors all-weather environmental condition request, moreover the image is clearer, is more exquisite, is sharper.2. after standardization, standardized material, technology mature and market price basic balanced, the LED display monitors
20、standardization and the standardization will become a tendency which the LED display monitor develops. In recent years industry in development, after several price recedes the adjustment achieves basically balanced, the product quality, the system reliable and so on will become the main competition
21、factor, this had the high request to the LED display monitors standardization and the standardization. Profession standard and standard systems formation, IS09000 series standard application, causes the LED display monitor profession the development tends the order.3. the product mix diversification
22、 along with the information societys formation, the information field is even more widespread, the LED display monitors application prospect is broader. It is estimated that large-scale or the ultra-large LED display monitor will have the change for the mainstream products aspect, will suit can have
23、 in the service industry characteristic and the specialized request small LED display monitor enhances greatly, will be richer face the information service domains LED display monitor product class and the variety system, the part potential market demand and the application domain will have the brea
24、kthrough, like the mass transit, the parking lot, the dining, the hospital and so on comprehension service aspects information display monitor demand will have a bigger enhancement.Involves the mentality and the principle of workThis system basis classics circuit design mentality, uses the design me
25、thod from bottom to top, from the display panel to the actuation board, arrives at the control panel again, carries on the hardware programming, after debugging successfully, receives a telegram the source plate, finally completes the data transmission board and PC machine connects, carries on the P
26、C software programming, completes the demonstration data the production, the extraction, processing, the transmission as well as the demonstration effect real-time control. Each module uses 8 LED lattices to lighten each line by the line scan form red, green, the traffic light, the demonstration wri
27、ting and the image. The LED lattices actuation, the decoding, the lock save and so on to be responsible by control panels digital circuit. Its data reads by the monolithic integrated circuit from the memory, simultaneously the monolithic integrated circuit uses the interrupt mode, carries on the two
28、-way communication through the RS-232 data line and PC machine, from the PC machine gain order or the data, and carries out the movement or the stored datum according to the order. Not only but PC machine carries on many machine serial port correspondences with many monolithic integrated circuits, b
29、ut must be responsible for the writing input and the typesetting, the production lattice data or the order character, realize the man-machine interaction function.Principle of work this article designs the large-scale LED display monitor becomes by the double primary color lattice LED combination, u
30、ses the line-by-line scanning the display mode to demonstrate red, green, the yellow three kind of color random lattice information. The display module uses the line-by-line scanning demonstration the way, its control system take monolithic integrated circuit AT89C52 as a core, uses 62256 memories t
31、o take the data-carrier storage, actuates 8*8 using latch 74HC377 and 8 group of line driver 2083The LED display module, simultaneously opens the serial port interrupt and superior PC machine carries on many machine correspondences. Through realizes display monitors many kinds of animation pattern t
32、o the monolithic integrated circuit programming to demonstrate: Rolls the screen toward left, rolls the screen toward right, rolls the screen upwardly, rolls the screen downward, on rolls the screen toward left, on rolls the screen toward right, to the Zola curtain, pulls the curtain toward right, p
33、ulls the curtain upwardly, pulls the curtain downward, to the right lateral, lightens in turn from left to right, from among to two nearby, lightens in turn. Animation speed adjustable: Divides into 100 grades, lowest is 1 fast, highest is 100 fast. The pattern color is diverse: The background achro
34、matic color, the writing red/green/yellow, the background is red, the writing does not have/the yellow/green, the background green, the writing does not have/yellow/red, the background yellow, the writing does not have/the red/green. Moreover, but also increased several dozens kind of neon light eff
35、ect animation. The PC machine on display control software may realize functions and so on Chinese character input, typeface choice, words change, and after carrying on the data processing, may in left side simulate the demonstration whole effect, simultaneously “sees namely obtained” demonstration i
36、n underneath preview region. Moreover, this control software also has additional functions and so on text designation, mouse localization,coordinate tracing, time date. PC machine realizes through the RS-232 connection with the demonstration part monolithic integrated circuits correspondence, interr
37、upts the real-time receive and the transmission data message using the monolithic integrated circuit serial port. Has also given dual attention to monolithic integrated circuits antijamming ability in the system design, enhanced the systems operation reliability effectively.Shines the second-level t
38、ube characteristicThe light emitter diode (light emitting diode, LED), is one kind turns the electrical energy the energy of light the special component, when the electric current achieves the threshold current, the light emitter diode breakover, along with electric current passing, produces the vis
39、ible light. Light emitter diodes structure mainly ties the chip, the electrode and the optical system constitution by PN. After PN ties performs the direct voltage, P areas hole injection to the N area, N areas electron-injection to the P area, the electron which and the hole meet, pours into after
40、mutually namely produces compound, these minority carriers injection which ties in PN produce the radiation with compound to shine. It is the original radiation illumination, does not need the high injection current to have the granule number reverse distribution, also does not need the optical reso
41、nator, the launch right and wrong coherent light. Describes the LED characteristic to have many parameters, between these parameters relations present misalignment 5. Therefore, describes these relations with the characteristic curve, has the use value in the project application.LED components actua
42、tionMay know from the LED components illumination mechanism, when exerts the direct voltage to the LED component, winds through components forward current to cause its illumination. Therefore the LED actuation is must make its PN knot to be in the forward bias, simultaneously to control its luminous
43、 intensity, but must solve the forward current adjustment problem. The concrete drive type has 9 and so on direct-current actuation, constant flow actuation, pulse actuation and scanning actuation, in this system LED components actuation for scanning actuation.1. direct-current actuation. The direct
44、-current actuation is the simple the actuation method. The LED operating point by supply voltage VCC, series resistance R and a LED components voltage-current characteristic decided together. This drive type suits in the LED component are few, luminous intensity constant situation. For example on th
45、e public transportation uses uses for to demonstrate the XX road fixedly” the inscription display monitor.2. constant flow actuation. Is steep as a result of the LED components forward characteristic, in addition components dispersivity, causes in same the supply voltage and in the same limiting res
46、istors situation, the various components forward current is not same, thus causes the luminous intensity difference. If carries on the constant flow actuation to the LED component, so long as the constant flow value is the same, the luminous intensity is quite close. Transistors input level has the
47、constant current characteristic, therefore may use the transistor to actuate LED.3. pulse actuation. Using the human eye eye persistence, uses to the LED component repeatedly passes the power failure the way to cause it ignition, is the pulse drive type. The pulse actuation mainly has two aspect app
48、lications: Scanning actuation and dutyfactor actuation. The scanning actuations main purpose is saves the driver, the simplified circuit. Selects when this method should pay attention to two questions: Acknowledging pulse electric current peak- to-peak value and choice recurrence rate. First, if wan
49、ts to obtain with directs current the drive type suitable luminous intensity, pulse drive current mean value aI should be the same with direct-current actuation magnitude of current oI.4. scanning actuation. The scanning actuation through the digital logic electric circuit, causes certain LED component in turn breakover, with saves the control driving circuit. The LED display monitor will shine the lamp according to the line according to a row arrangement, when the actuation also p
