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1、基于plc的花样喷泉控制系统设计目 录第一章 引言31.1课题背景及目的31.2本次课程设计任务及要求3第二章 控制方案的选择4第四章 I/O分配表5第五章 PLC硬件连接图55.1 PLC硬件连接图75.2控制电机的接线图7第六章 顺序连接图7第七章 调试过程及说明10第八章 结束语10第九章 参考文献11第十章 附录12附录1 控制面板设计12附录2 梯形图12附录3 指令表21 第一章 引言1.1课题背景及目的课程设计在整个教学过程中，是一个非常重要的实践性教学环节，尤其在掌握机电传动控制技术时，仅仅了解工作原理和控制的指令系统是远远不够的。为最大限度的满足生产工艺和机械设备的要求，就需
2、要结合机电传动控制和应用技术的特点，进行初步的工程训练。在许多休闲广场、景区或游乐场所里,人们经常看到喷泉按一定的规律喷水,景色迷人;若在夜晚配上各种颜色的灯光显示,则更加绚丽多彩.本次课程设计就是通过设计花样式喷泉以机电传动控制课程设计为载体的主要目的，是通过对喷泉简单的自动化控制、简单的工艺过程的调查研究，使学生明确生产工艺对电气控制提出的各项要求。根据这些要求，进行基本的原理设计、工艺设计和操作设计，使学生在课程设计的全过程中，进一步明确设计任务中的各项要求，建立课程设计工作的整体概念，从工程环境、实现手段和操作方式的各个环节入手来设计控制程系统，通过不断的调试和完善软硬件设计，最终能够
3、满足这些要求。课程设计以培养工程应用能力为主，在独立完成设计任务的同时，还要进行多方面能力的培养和提高，为毕业设计以及毕业后的工作能力打下良好的基础。1.2本次课程设计任务及要求某广场的喷泉如图所示，4号为中间喷头，3号为内环状喷头，2号为1次外环状喷头，1号为外环装喷头。（1） 按下启动按钮，喷泉控制装置开始工作，按下停止按钮，喷泉控制装置停止工作。（2） 喷泉的工作方式由花样选择开关和单步、连续开关决定。（3） 当单步、连续开关在单步控制时，喷泉只能按照花样选择开关设置得方式运行一个循环。（4） 花样选择开关用于选择喷泉得喷水花样，现考虑4种喷水花样。 花样选择开关在位置1时，按下启动按钮
4、后，4号喷头喷水，延迟2s后，3号喷头喷水，再延迟2s后，2号喷头喷水，又延迟2s后，1号喷头喷水。18s后，如果为单步工作方式，则停下来。如果为连续工作方式，则继续循环下去。 花样选择开关在位置2时，按下启动按钮后，1号喷头喷水，延迟2s后，2号喷头喷水，再延迟2s后，3号喷头喷水，又延迟2s后，4号喷头喷水。30s后，如果为单步工作方式，则停下来。如果为连续工作方式，则继续循环下去。 花样选择开关在位置3时，按下启动按钮后，1号、3号喷头同时喷水，延迟3s后，2号、4号喷头同时喷水，1号、3号喷头停止喷水。如此交替15s后，4组喷头全喷水，30s后，如果为单步工作方式，则停下来。如果为连续
5、工作方式，则继续循环下去。 花样选择开关在位置4时，按下启动按钮后，按照1-2-3-4的顺序，以此间隔2s喷水，然后一起喷水。30s后，按照1-2-3-4的顺序，分别延迟2s依次停止喷水。再经1s延迟时，按照4-3-2-1的顺序，依次间隔2s喷水，然后一起喷水。30s后停止。如果为单步工作方式，则停下来。如果为连续工作方式，则继续循环下去。 第二章 控制方案的选择 本次课程设计的课题是花样式喷泉，由其控制要求可知：控制过程是一个复杂，连续。灵巧的过程。在工业工程中，被选择为控制的一般是：继电器，PLC，单片机。由于绝大多数控制继电器都是长期磨损和疲劳工作条件下进行的，容易损坏。而且继电器的触点
6、容易产生电弧，甚至会熔在一起产生误操作，引起严重的后果。单片机是一种集成电路编程复杂，结构复杂等。而PLC可靠性高，抗干扰能力强，配套齐全，功能完善，适用性强，系统的设计、建造工作量小，维护方便，容易改造，体积小，重量轻，能耗低且易学易用，深受工程技术人员欢迎，在工业以及其他领域都得到广泛的应用。因此，本次花样喷泉的自动化控制也采用PLC控制。 该控制系统选用三菱公司FX 系列的PLC。它体积小,重量轻,使用寿命长,编程和维 护方便,故障率低,通过扩展模块的连接, 可以增加输入/ 输出点数. 为了便于程序清晰明了，分别调用不同的四个花样，采用了子程序调用指令（CALL P），并通过SRET返回
7、原始指令。 不同花样的选择采用手动选择开关，内部通过时间继电器和辅助继电器实现自动化控制来完成各花样内的循环动作。 第四章 I/O分配表 由控制要求分析可知，分配表中输入7个，输出4个，则其I/O分配表如下表所示 输入 输出 地址 元件 功能 地址 元件 功能 X0 SB1 启动开关 Y0 KM1 喷头1 X1 SA2 花样开关位置1 Y1 KM2 喷头2 X2 SA3 花样开关位置2 Y2 KM3 喷头3 X3 SA4 花样开关位置3 Y3 KM4 喷头4 X4 SA5 花样开关位置4 X5 SB6 停止 X6 SB7 单步/连续 第五章 PLC硬件连接图 5.1 PLC硬件连接图 课程设计
8、的要求，采用三菱FX2N系列，其硬件连接图如下图所示： 图一PLC硬件连接图 5.2控制电机的接线图 图二控制电机接线图 第六章 顺序连接图 由于有4中花样，所以应该分布考虑，按照花样的要求，编辑四种花样顺序图，顺序图如下图所示： 图三花样1顺序图 图四花样2的顺序图 图五花样3的顺序图 图六花样4的顺序图 第七章 调试过程及说明考虑到花样喷泉的花样复杂，选择了子程序控制，这样简单，明了。但还是遇到许多的问题，比如在输入程序时的不小心，或者出现程序错误.，由于是四种花样工作，设计了自锁，同时，没必要的自锁导致核程序的复杂，在自己设计程序的时候没有输入复位指令，导致程序不能调用现象。经过自己的认
9、真检查，调试过程顺利进行。 第八章 结束语 通过这次设计实践。我学会了PLC的基本编程方法，对PLC的工作原理和使用方法也有了更深刻的理解。在对理论的运用中，提高了我们的工程素质，在没有做实践设计以前，我们对知道的撑握都是思想上的，对一些细节不加重视，当我们把自己想出来的程序与到PLC中的时候，问题出现了，不是不能运行，就是运行的结果和要求的结果不相符合。能过解决一个个在调试中出现的问题，我们对PLC的理解得到加强，看到了实践与理论的差距。 虽然本次课程设计是要求自己独立完成，但是，彼此还是脱离不了集体的力量，遇到问题和同学互相讨论交流。多和同学讨论。我们在做课程设计的过程中要不停的讨论问题，
10、这样，我们可以尽可能的统一思想，这样就不会使自己在做的过程中没有方向，并且这样也是为了方便最后设计和在一起。讨论不仅是一些思想的问题，还可以深入的讨论一些技术上的问题，这样可以使自己的处理问题要快一些，少走弯路。多改变自己设计的方法，在设计的过程中最好要不停的改善自己解决问题的方法，这样可以方便自己解决问题 在设计的过程中我们还得到了老师的帮助与意见，和同学们的帮助，谢谢你们！ 第九章 参考文献 1 殷培峰.基于plc喷泉控制系统设计. 兰州石化职业技术学院学报,2006 2 王传艳.三菱PLC在花式喷泉控制系统中的应用,天津大学自动化学院，2007 3 郭艳萍，李晓波.PLC在花式喷泉控制系
11、统中的应用,漯河职业技术学院，2007 4张延灿. 喷泉工程发展及其设计问题(上). 给水排水， 1998，24(7)：4750 第十章 附录 附录1 控制面板设计附录2 梯形图附录3 指令表 0 LD X0001 MPS2 AND X0013 CALL P06 MRD7 AND X0028 CALL P111 MRD12 AND X00313 CALL P216 MPP17 AND X00418 CALL P321 P022 LD X00623 AND M10024 OR M10025 ANI X00526 OUT M10027 LD M428 AND T329 OR M030 OR M80
12、0231 ANI M132 OUT M033 LD M034 AND M10035 OR M136 ANI M237 OUT M138 OUT T0 K2041 OUT M3042 LD M143 AND T044 OR M245 ANI M346 OUT M247 OUT T1 K2050 OUT M4051 LD M252 AND T153 OR M354 ANI M455 OUT M356 OUT T2 K2059 OUT M5060 LD M361 AND T262 OR M463 ANI M064 OUT M465 OUT M6066 OUT T3 K18069 FEND70 P17
13、1 LD M20072 AND X00673 OR M20074 ANI X00575 OUT M20076 LD M977 AND T778 OR M800279 OR M080 ANI M681 OUT M082 LD M083 AND M20084 OR M685 ANI M786 OUT M687 OUT M6188 OUT T4 K2091 LD M692 AND T493 OR M794 ANI M895 OUT M796 OUT M5197 OUT T5 K20100 LD M7101 AND T5102 OR M8103 ANI M9104 OUT M8105 OUT M411
14、06 OUT T6 K20109 LD M8110 AND T6111 OR M9112 ANI M0113 OUT M9114 OUT M31115 OUT T7 K300118 FEND119 P2120 LD M300121 AND X006122 OR M300123 ANI X005124 OUT M300125 LD M13126 AND T11127 OR M8002128 OR M0129 ANI M10130 OUT M0131 LD M300132 AND M0133 OR M10134 ANI M11135 OUT M10136 OUT M21137 OUT M23138
15、 OUT T8 K30141 LD T8142 OR M11143 ANI M12144 OUT M11145 OUT M20146 OUT M22147 OUT T9 K30150 LD T9151 AND M11152 OR M12153 ANI M0154 OUT M12155 OUT T10 K150158 LD M12159 AND T10160 OR M13161 ANI M0162 OUT M13163 OUT T11 K300166 LD M13167 OR M20168 OUT M32169 LD M13170 OR M21171 OUT M42172 LD M13173 O
16、R M22174 OUT M52175 LD M13176 OR M23177 OUT M62178 FEND179 P3180 LD M400181 AND X006182 OR M400183 ANI X005184 OUT M400185 LD M16186 AND T16187 OR M8002188 OR M0189 ANI M13190 OUT M0191 LD M0192 AND M400193 OR M13194 OUT M13195 LD M13196 ANI T1197 OUT T0 K10200 LD T0201 OUT T1 K10204 OUT M70205 LDI
17、M80206 OUT M71207 LDP M70209 SFTR M71 M80 K4 K1218 LDP M70220 OUT T12 K300223 LD T12224 OUT M14225 LD M14226 AND T12227 ANI T3228 OUT T2 K10231 LD T2232 OUT T3 K10235 OUT M72236 LDI M84237 OUT M73238 LDP M72240 SFTR M73 M84 K4 K1249 LDP M72251 OUT T13 K300254 LD T13255 OUT M15256 LD M15257 ANI T5258
18、 AND T13259 OUT T4 K10262 LD T4263 OUT T5 K10266 OUT M74267 LDI M88268 OUT M75269 LDP M74271 SFTL M75 M88 K4 K1280 LDP M74282 ANI M0283 OUT T16 K300286 LD T16287 OUT M16288 LD M80289 OR M84290 OR M88291 OR M16292 OUT M33293 LD M81294 OR M85295 OR M89296 OR M16297 OUT M43298 LD M82299 OR M86300 OR M9
19、0301 OR M16302 OUT M53303 LD M83304 OR M87305 OR M91306 OR M16307 OUT M63308 FEND309 LD M30310 OR M31311 OR M32312 OR M33313 OUT Y000314 LD M40315 OR M41316 OR M42317 OR M43318 OUT Y001319 LD M50320 OR M51321 OR M52322 OR M53323 OUT Y002324 LD M60325 OR M61326 OR M62327 OR M63328 OUT Y003329 ENDEmlo
20、yment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and employees. You may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if: you dont agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly. For more
21、 informu, take advice from one of the organisations listed underFurther help. Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation. Most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challe
22、nging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed underFurther help. ation about dismissal and unfair dismissal, seeDismissal. You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haventappealedaga
23、inst the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any compensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to appeal. Remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of th
24、e date when the event you are complaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually accept i. If you are worried about how the time limits apply to you If you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an
25、agreement where you pay their fee out of your compensation if you win the case. This is known as adamages-based agreement. In England and Wales, your solicitor cant charge you more than 35% of your compensation if you win the case.youre clear about the terms of the agreement. It might be best to get
26、 advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau. To find your nearest CAB, including those that give advice by e-mail, click onnearest CAB.For more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, seeEmployment tribunals.The (lack of) air up there Watch m Cay
27、 man Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend Citys Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday.I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Ya ya Toure, he told BBC Sport.F
28、or me its about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the racist behaviour of their fans duringCitys 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of European footballs governing body, has also ordered an im
29、mediate investigation into the referees actions.CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toures complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA.Age has reached the end of the beginning of a word. May be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of d
30、ifferent life became the appearance of the same day; May be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. Always feel oneself should go to do something, or write something. Twenty years of life trajectory deepl
31、y shallow, suddenly feel something, do it.一字开头的年龄已经到了尾声。或许是愧疚于自己似乎把转瞬即逝的很多个不同的日子过成了同一天的样子；或许是追溯过去，对自己那些近乎偏执的怪异信念的醒悟，这些天以来，思绪一直很凌乱，在脑海中不断纠缠。总觉得自己似乎应该去做点什么，或者写点什么。二十年的人生轨迹深深浅浅，突然就感觉到有些事情，非做不可了。The end of our life, and can meet many things really do?而穷尽我们的一生，又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可？During my childhood, think
32、lucky money and new clothes are necessary for New Year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional; Junior high school, thought to have a crush on just means that the real growth, but over the past three years later, his writing of alumni in peace, sudd
33、enly found that isnt really grow up, it seems is not so important; Then in high school, think dont want to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children of the feelings in a period, but was eventually infarction when graduation party in the throat, later again stood on the pit
34、ch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already cant remember his appearance.童年时，觉得压岁钱和新衣服是过年必备，但是随着年龄的推进，会越来越发现，那些东西根本就可有可无；初中时，以为要有一场暗恋才意味着真正的成长，但三年过去后，自己心平气和的写同学录的时候，突然就发现是不是真正的成长了，好像并没有那么重要了；然后到了高中，觉得非要吐露出自己的心声才能为高中生涯里的懵懂情愫划上一个句点，但毕业晚会的时候最终还
35、是被梗塞在了咽喉，后来再次站在他曾经挥汗如雨的球场，看着他投过篮球的球框时，突然间发现自己已经想不起他的容颜。Originally, this world, can produce a chemical reaction to an event, in addition to resolutely, have to do, and time.原来，这个世界上，对某个事件能产生化学反应的，除了非做不可的坚决，还有，时间。A persons time, your ideas are always special to clear. Want, want, line is clear, as if
36、nothing could shake his. Also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at last. Dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot of love, there are a lot of miss, like shadow really have been doomed. Those who do, just green years oneself give oneself an
37、 arm injection, or is a self-righteous spiritual.一个人的时候，自己的想法总是特别地清晰。想要的，不想要的，界限明确，好像没有什么可以撼动自己。也曾经好像已经下定了决心去做某件事，但更多的时候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。嫌恶过自己的怯懦，最终却发现有很多缘分，有很多错过，好像冥冥之中真的已经注定。那些曾经所谓的非做不可，只是青葱年华里自己给自己注射的一支强心剂，或者说，是自以为是的精神寄托罢了。At the moment, the sky is dark, the air is fresh factor after just rained. Sudde
38、nly thought of blue plaid shirt; Those were broken into various shapes of stationery; From the corner at the beginning of deep friendship; Have declared the end of the encounter that havent start planning. Those years, those days of do, finally, like youth, will end in our life.此刻，天空是阴暗的，空气里有着刚下过雨之后
39、的清新因子。突然想到那件蓝格子衬衫；那些被折成各种各样形状的信纸；那段从街角深巷伊始的友谊；还有那场还没有开始就宣告了终结的邂逅计划那些年那些天的非做不可，终于和青春一样，都将在我们的人生中谢幕。Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted. r plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or
40、humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altit
41、ude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence. We often close ourselves off when traumatic events happen in our lives; instead of letting the world soften us, we let it driv
42、e us deeper into ourselves. We try to deflect the hurt and pain by pretending it doesnt exist, but although we can try this all we want, in the end, we cant hide from ourselves. We need to learn to open our hearts to the potentials of life and let the world soften us.生活发生不幸时，我们常常会关上心门；世界不仅没能慰藉我们，反倒使
43、我们更加消沉。我们假装一切仿佛都不曾发生，以此试图忘却伤痛，可就算隐藏得再好，最终也还是骗不了自己。既然如此，何不尝试打开心门，拥抱生活中的各种可能，让世界感化我们呢？Whenever we start to let our fears and seriousness get the best of us, we should take a step back and re-evaluate our behavior. The items listed below are six ways you can open your heart more fully and completely.当恐
44、惧与焦虑来袭时，我们应该退后一步，重新反思自己的言行。下面六个方法有助于你更完满透彻地敞开心扉。Whenever a painful situation arises in your life, try to embrace it instead of running away or trying to mask the hurt. When the sadness strikes, take a deep breath and lean into it. When we run away from sadness thats unfolding in our lives, it gets stronger and more real.
