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1、Revision of Junior English-语法专题复习,本节课复习安排 一、什么是“名词”及名词的分类 二、可数名词及不可数名词 三、名词所有格 四、练习,一、名 词 表示人、事物、地点的名称或者抽象概念的词 分为专有名词和普通名词,1.专有名词 表示个别的人、事物、地点等专有的名称。专有名词第一个字母要大写*Lucy*China*the Summer Palace,2.普通名词 表示人、事物、地点等的名称；或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类：,（分为可数名词和不可数名词）,个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。集体名词：表示
2、若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。物质名词:表示无法分为个体的实物,如air。抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。,个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词。,一、名词的数 1.可数名词的数 2.不可数名词的数,1.名词的单数形式，一般可用a来修饰*a car*a book 在元音发音开头的单词前用 an,辅音因素开头的单词前用a*an elephant*an apple 请区别：a useful machine,请说出下列单词的复数形式。,pen _ kite_ flower_ class_ fo
3、x_ baby_ library_ monkey_ boy_radio_ hero_ wolf_,你能总结出以上可数名词的变化规则吗？,考一考,pens,kites,flowers,classes,foxes,babies,libraries,monkeys,boys,radios,heroes,wolves,2.总的来说,可数名词变复数有几大类?,一般加-s,如:pens,kites,flowers,以s,x,sh,ch 结尾的加-es;如:classes,foxes,dishes,watches,以辅音字母加y结尾的,先变y为i,再加-es;如:baby-babies,library-li
4、braries 但是以元音字母(a,e,i,o,u)+y结尾的名词变复数时，直直接加-s。如:monkeys,boys等等。,规则变化,熟记考点三1、2、3,以-o 结尾的名词，变复数时,a.以-o结尾的无生命的科技名词加“-s”，常考的有以 下 5个：,b.其以-o结尾的有生命的名词常在词尾加-es，常考 的有下面4个：,photo photos,piano pianos,kilo-kilos,radio radios,zoo zoos；,potato potatoes（土豆），tomatotomatoes（西红柿），hero heroes(英雄)，negro negroes（黑人）。,可记
5、忆为：黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿，很有意思“es”。,以f,fe结尾的名词，通常要变f 或fe为v,再加-es;,请熟记下列口诀：树叶（leaf）半数（half）自己（self）黄，妻子（wife）拿刀（knife）去割粮，架（shelf）后蹿出一只狼（wolf），就像小偷（thief）逃命（life）亡。,请把以上单词的复数形式写出来,根据汉语提示写出下列单词,并注意用上适当形式。,直击中考,There are many _(篮球)on the playground.I have two _（弟弟）.He likes all kinds of _(手表).They are looking for
6、 the lost _(钥匙).My friend has many _(玩具).They are_(fox).,basketballs,brothers,watches,keys,toys,foxes,woman-women man-menfoot-feetmouse-mice,3.不规则变化,你能举出哪些名词变复数是不规则的?,说出下列单词的复数形式。,policeman policewoman tooth goose,Sheepdeer fish,childox（牛）,请说出以上单词的复数形式,中、日不变：Chinese-Chinese中国人，Japanese-Japanese日本人英、
7、法要变：Englishman-Englishmen Englishwoman-Englishwomen Frenchman-Frenchmen Frenchwoman-Frenchwomen 澳、加、德（真）美:Australian-Australians Canadian-Canadians,American-Americans,记忆技巧：中日不变，英法变(a变e)，余国词尾s添。,说出下列短语：,两个中国人五个法国妇女七个日本人许多德国人十六个英国男人,请根据括号里所给出单词的适当形式填空。,1.Cats love eating _(mouse).2.There are some_(goo
8、se)swimming in the lake.3.Each player has several_(football).4.There are some_(sheep)on the hill.5.Some _(German)visited the Great Wall yesterday.6.Most _(Englishman)like playing soccer.,mice,geese,footballs,sheep,Germans,Englishmen,直击中考,4.名词词组变复数情况:,a.两个名词组成的名词词组常在最后一个名词后加-s。,如：girl students boy fr
9、iends twin sisters apple trees,b.带性别的复合词组：有woman 和man两个表示性别的词做定语修饰后面的名词时变复数，两者同时变复数,如：woman doctor women doctors man teacher men teachers,不可数名词 物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如:water，rice，fish，meat 等。特别记住：work chalk time space music money weather cotton homework wood information news medicine,考点二,1.不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看
10、成单数*Some bread is over there.*No news is good news.2.常用how much,much,a little,little,a lot of,some,any等来修饰不可数名词*They had much money.*He does little housework at home.,3.常用a piece of,a cup of,a glass of,a bottle of等来表示不可数名词的量,单复数表现在of 前面的名词上，而 of 后始终是单数名词.*There is a piece of paper in the book.*Three
11、 glasses of orange are on the desk.,测一测,Spring comes here.All the _ begin to come out from the trees.leaf B.leafs C.leaves D.lives2.There _ on the wall.They are very beautiful.are photos B.are photo C.is a photo D.is photos3.A group of _ are talking with two_.Frenchmen,Germans B.German,FrenchmenC.Fr
12、enchmen,Germen D.Germans,Frenchmans,(满分:100分,共25题),4.The old man used to raise many _ to make a living on the farm.duck B.horse C.bird D.sheep5.Many _saw lots of _ in the picture.childs,oxes B.children,oxesC.childs,oxen D.children,oxen,6.He is one of my best_.boy student B.boy students C.boys studen
13、ts D.boies students,7.I have two _and _.A.leg,feet B.legs,foots C.legs,feet8.How many _ are there in the city?A.factories B.factorys C.factoris D.factory9.Trees _ always green in the South.A.is B.are C.will be D.were10.You must clean your _ every day.A.reem B.room C.the room D.a room11.There _ lots
14、of bread on the table.A.is B.are C.were D.be,C A B B A,12.Uncle Wang bought two _ yesterday.A.watches B.watchs C.watch 13.My brother has two _.A.knife B.knifes C.fork D.knives 14.There _ a pair of trousers on the bed.A.is B.are C.were D.have15.Would you like _?A.a milk B.a glass of milk C.some milks
15、16.Bring me two _ paper,please.A.piece of B.piece C.pieces of,A D A B C,17.How many _ are there in the world?A.country B.countries C.countrys18.My sister likes eating _ A.potato B.potatos C.potatoes19.We took many _ when were traveling.A.photos B.photoes C.photo20.When autumn comes,_ of trees turn y
16、ellow.A.leaf B.leaves C.leafs D.leave21.We brush our _ every day.A.tooth B.tooths C.teeth D.teeths22.There are _ in our shop.A.woman workers B.women worker C.women workers D.girls workers,B C A B C C,23.There is little _ in the fridge.A.bread B.noodle C.dumpling D.vegetable24.Help yourself to _.Than
17、ks.It tastes good.A.some chickens B.a chicken C.some chicken25.Would you like some tea?No,I had two _.A.bottle of orange B.bottles of oranges C.bottles of orange D.bottle of oranges,A C C,三、名词所有格（表示名词间的所有关系“的”）,1.名词所有格的构成方法 单数名词后加“s”*Tom s book*my friend s uncle 以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“”即可*Teachers Day*two
18、weeks holiday,不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按 惯例加“s”*Children s Day*men s shoes 用of加名词，构成所属关系的短语，主要用于表示无生命名词的所有关系*the color of the wall*a picture of the classroom,2.名词所有格的几个注意点 可用名词所有格表示地点,地点名词习 惯上省略*my aunts(home）(我姑姑家）*go to the teachers(office）(去老师办公室）有些名词的所有格可用两种形式*the cats name/the name of the cat*Chinas cap
19、ital/the capital of China,表示两人共同拥有,在最后一个名词后 加“s”*Lucy and Lily s room 露西和莉莉的房间（两人共有一间房间）请区别:Lucys and Lily s rooms 露西的房间和莉莉的房间（两人各有一间房间）,名词做定语 1.修饰另一名词时,一般用单数*He has two pencil-boxes.*There are three banana trees over there.2.man woman用做定语时,应与后面的名词保持数的一致*We need a man teacher.*They are all women wor
20、kers.,四、名词的一般用法,3.sports,clothes做定语时,仍用复数形式*a sports field*a clothes shop 4.当数词与单位名词一起做定语时，单位名词往往用单数形式,数词与单位名词用“-”连接。*He is a fourteen-year-old boy.*This is a two-hour plan.,名词做主语时,应注意名词的数，避免主谓不一致。*Her family is a large one and her family are all teachers.她家是一个大家庭,她的家人都是老师。*There is a pair of glasse
21、s on the desk.桌上有一副眼镜,【例1】Today is September 10th.Its_Day.2003，天津 A.Teachers B.Teachers C.the Teachers D.Teachers,典型例题解析,【例2】Im afraid that there is no_ for you in my car,because there are already five people.2003，山西 A.land B.ground C.room D.floor,B,C,【例3】These Germans want to have some_for supper,s
22、o they decide to catch_now.2003，天津 A.fish,many B.fishes,much C.fish,much D.fishes,many,【例4】I am thirsty.Would you bring me_,please?2003，广东 A.some bread B.some water C.some cakes D.some eggs,【例5】Some_are flying kites near the river.2003，长沙 A.child B.boy C.boys D.childs,A,B,C,.将下列词组译成英语1.三双鞋 _2.二十个女教师
23、 _3.两瓶橘汁 _4.Tom父亲的一个朋友 _5.少年宫 _,课时训练,there pairs of shoes,twenty women teachers,two bottles of orange juice,a friend of Toms fathers,the Childrens Palace,1.The rich_not always happy.A.are B.is C.have D.has2.In Britain,_are all painted red.A.letter boxes B.letters boxes C.letter box D.letters box3.Th
24、ere are four_and two_in the group.A.Japanese，Germen B.Japaneses，Germen C.Japanese，GermanD.Japanese，Germans4.She was born in Wuhan,but Beijing has become her second_.A.home B.family C.house D.country 5.Mother brought me_.A.a good news B.a piece of news C.many good news D.two news,课时训练,A,A,D,A,B,6.Mar
25、ch 8th is _Day.A.Womans B.Womens C.Womans D.Women 7.We can do the work better with_money and _ people.A.less,fewer B.fewer,less C.little,little D.few,few8.There are three_in our class.A.Zhous B.Zhous C.Zhous D.Zhouss 9.Its about ten_walk.A.minutes B.minutes C.minute D.minutes10.This room is_.A.Bill and Davids B.Bills and Davids C.Bills and Davids D.Bill and David,课时训练,(B),(A),(B),(B),(A),byebye,
