《毕业论文（设计）学科交叉联合培养本科生的模式初探.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《毕业论文（设计）学科交叉联合培养本科生的模式初探.doc（6页珍藏版）》请在三一办公上搜索。
1、学科交叉联合培养本科生的模式初探陈新梅（山东中医药大学药学院，山东 济南，250355）摘要 本研究以“微型科研课题”为切入点，将学科交叉联合培养的模式运用到优秀本科生的培养中。实践证明，学科交叉联合培养本科生的模式具有极其重要的意义，在培养高质量的复合型人才的同时，也提高了教学质量，取得较好的效果，值得进一步深入探索。关键词 本科生；联合培养；学科交叉；培养模式；微型科研课题现代科学技术的发展，使学科交叉和学科融合的趋势越来越显著，很多科学研究的重大突破都出现在交叉学科的领域，因此如何培养高质量的复合型的人才是高校教育工作者无法回避的刻不容缓的现实问题。目前国内高校多采用学科交叉联合培养的模
2、式对研究生进行培养1，而这种培养模式在本科生层次还较鲜见。本课题组选择部分品学兼优的本科生，以适合本科生能力的“微型科研项目”为载体，进行了初步的尝试，并取得了一定的成效。1.学科交叉联合培养本科生的意义随着高等教育的发展普及和高校的扩招，使绝大多数高中生有机会接受高等教育，造成学生生源的质量层次不齐。学生在思想政治素质、基础理论知识、实践动手能力、沟通协调能力、组织管理能力、心理调节能力等方面存在较大的差异，因此对于少数品学兼优的学生采用学科交叉联合培养本科生的模式是“因材施教” 2和“以人为本” 3教育理念的具体体现。2.学科交叉联合培养本科生的模式初探课题组选择品学兼优的大三或大四的本科
3、生，在综合学生的资质、兴趣和指导教师的研究方向的基础上，共同选择适合本科生能力的微型科研课题，课题要求内容丰富、难度适宜、涉及面广4。根据科研课题所涉及的内容，确定联合培养的单位和导师。学生在不影响正常的学习和生活的前提下，利用课余时间进行作者简介：陈新梅,女,博士,副教授,主要从事药剂学的教学与科研。E-mail:xinmeichen科研。在暑假和寒假等时间，去联合培养的辅助单位进行长时间的学习和实践。课题组先后与浙江大学、中国药科大学、山东大学、山东省中医院、山东省药品与食品检验所、青岛药品与食品检验所等机构展开广泛的合作，取得了一定的成效。该模式运作的具体情况及取得的成效见下表。年度学生
4、培养内容培养模式成效2009A激光散射粒度仪省内跨单位联合培养2009年校级优秀学士论文B新剂型的研究同单位跨学科联合培养2009年校级SRT项目资助2010C新剂型的表面修饰同单位跨学科联合培养2011年山东省优秀学士论文D新剂型的研究同单位跨学科联合培养2010年校级SRT项目资助2011E新剂型的研究同单位跨学科联合培养2012年山东省优秀学士论文2011年校级挑战杯二等奖本科期间发表论文1篇F偏光显微镜、数码互动省内跨单位联合培养2011年校级挑战杯三等奖本科期间发表论文1篇2012G生物学、电磁学国内跨单位跨学科联合培养本科期间发表论文1篇H绿色化学同单位跨学科联合培养本科期间发表论
5、文1篇I药品的卫生学国内跨单位跨学科联合培养本科期间外投论文2篇3.运作时应注意的问题 学科交叉联合培养本科生的模式尚属探索的初级阶段，该模式的运作主要由有这种意识的指导教师来掌握，而不是靠相关政策制度来保障和推进，因此在应用该模式时，应着重注意如下几方面的问题：3.1本科生生源的选择：选择大三或大四品学兼优的本科生。高年级的学生已掌握基本知识和基本操作，同时优秀的本科生学有余力。在离开学校到其他单位进行学习和实践时，一般选择时间充裕的寒假和暑假，这样不会影响到学生正常的学习和生活。同时，应注意学生培养的长期性和连续性，在尊重学生个人意愿的前提下，鼓励学生以微型科研课题为契机，继续在课题组内直
6、至完成学生的毕业论文设计，从而保证培养的质量。3.2 联合培养单位的选择：教师在选择联合培养单位时务必要严谨和慎重，应选择科研实力强、管理水平高、法律意识健全、信誉一贯良好的单位进行合作。在课题选择时，找准切入点，以实现双方的合作共赢。3.3双方指导教师的要求：该模式要求双方的指导教师必须具备扎实的专业基础功底、丰富的实践经验、责任心强；能同甘共苦、相互尊重、相互体谅。3.4培养模式的规范化：指导教师应在与联合培养单位的导师确定学生联合培养之前，应签订共同培养协议。在协议中，明确双方的责权利，尤其是要确保学生在离校培养期间的安全性，同时对取得的成果的归属进行协商5。3.5三方的有效沟通和交流：
7、在培养时，要做好学生、指导教师、联合培养单位导师等三方的有效沟通和交流。双方的指导教师除了关注学生的课业进展之外，更要关注学生的思想、生活和作风动态，以促进学生的全面发展和成长。4.结语学科交叉联合培养本科生是本科生培养模式的大胆创新，该模式给学校、联合培养单位、导师和学生都提供了一个发展空间广阔的崭新平台。这种多学科交叉、多研究领域、多研究团队的协作培养模式、符合目前我国高等教育的现状，因此有值得深入探索的必要性和价值。参考文献1刘润进,原永兵.学科交叉联合培养研究生的方法与实践J.高等农业教育,2011,5(5):68-70.2 戴迎春,聂军,陈清.因材施教流行病学的探索与实践J.医学教育
8、探索, 2010,9(4):524-526.3 徐晓媛.以人为本理念倡导下的教学管理J. 中国高等医学教育,2011,1:60-61.4 李昱.本科生加入研究生科研团队共同培养模式J.中国高等医学教育,2010,1:70-71.5 王增贤,白波,段耀奎,等.多学科联合培养研究生的实践与体会J.中国高等医学教育,2008,6:115-116.Primary exploration of disciplines crossing and co-culturing in the undergraduates CHEN Xin mei(College of Pharmacy,Shandong Univ
9、ersity of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China)Abstract:Mini research project has been acted as the entry point to explorate the mode of cultivating undergraduates with disciplines crossing and co-culturing.Practice has proved that its meaningful for the mode can cultivate the high qualit
10、y compond talents and improve the teaching quality.Thus,the mode worthy further exploration.Key Words: undergraduates;disciplines crossing; co-culturing; training modes; mini research projectEditors note: Judson Jones is a meteorologist, journalist and photographer. He has freelanced with CNN for fo
11、ur years, covering severe weather from tornadoes to typhoons. Follow him on Twitter: jnjonesjr (CNN) - I will always wonder what it was like to huddle around a shortwave radio and through the crackling static from space hear the faint beeps of the worlds first satellite - Sputnik. I also missed watc
12、hing Neil Armstrong step foot on the moon and the first space shuttle take off for the stars. Those events were way before my time.As a kid, I was fascinated with what goes on in the sky, and when NASA pulled the plug on the shuttle program I was heartbroken. Yet the privatized space race has renewe
13、d my childhood dreams to reach for the stars.As a meteorologist, Ive still seen many important weather and space events, but right now, if you were sitting next to me, youd hear my foot tapping rapidly under my desk. Im anxious for the next one: a space capsule hanging from a crane in the New Mexico
14、 desert.Its like the set for a George Lucas movie floating to the edge of space.You and I will have the chance to watch a man take a leap into an unimaginable free fall from the edge of space - live.The (lack of) air up there Watch man jump from 96,000 feet Tuesday, I sat at work glued to the live s
15、tream of the Red Bull Stratos Mission. I watched the balloons positioned at different altitudes in the sky to test the winds, knowing that if they would just line up in a vertical straight line we would be go for launch.I feel this mission was created for me because I am also a journalist and a phot
16、ographer, but above all I live for taking a leap of faith - the feeling of pushing the envelope into uncharted territory.The guy who is going to do this, Felix Baumgartner, must have that same feeling, at a level I will never reach. However, it did not stop me from feeling his pain when a gust of sw
17、irling wind kicked up and twisted the partially filled balloon that would take him to the upper end of our atmosphere. As soon as the 40-acre balloon, with skin no thicker than a dry cleaning bag, scraped the ground I knew it was over.How claustrophobia almost grounded supersonic skydiverWith each t
18、wist, you could see the wrinkles of disappointment on the face of the current record holder and capcom (capsule communications), Col. Joe Kittinger. He hung his head low in mission control as he told Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted.The supersonic descent could happen as early as
19、Sunday.The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposp
20、here) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropop
21、ause), he can expect a lot of turbulence.The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet (22.7 miles/36.53 kilometers). Here, Fearless Felix will unclip. He will roll back the door.Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.B
22、elow, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end.Skydiver preps for the big jump
23、When he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast or spins out
24、 of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes its not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have
25、 to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as planned, it wont. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to wo
26、rk higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters).It might not be the moon, but Kittinger free fell from 102,800 feet in 1960 - at the dawn of an infamous space race that captured the hearts of many. Baumgartner will attempt to break that record, a feat that boggles the mind. This is one of those monumental moments I will always remember, because there is no way Id miss this.
