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1、完形填空重点 第五篇 Why People Use Pseudonyms You cant choose the name you are given at birth，but in many countries you can change it legally when you reach adulthood. Of course, most people never change their names even if they feel unhappy about them. However, some people do take this course of actionparti
2、cularly artists! What makes an artist want to change their name? Sometimes its for purely personal reasons, such as the Nobel Prize winning poet from Chile, Neflali Reyes. He didnt want his father to know he was writing poetry, so he changed his name to Pablo Neruda when he was a young man.At other
3、times the reason may appear eccentric; take the case of the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa, who wrote under 75 different names. The reason ?” When I use a different name, I always write in a different way, he explained. In most cases，however ,the reason is for social, historical, political, or cult
4、ural reasons. Here are some of most common :The persons real name is just too long and difficult to remember. Lets be honest, Madonna Louise Ciccone is not as easy to remember as just plain Madonna. And short names are much easier to remember：William Bradley became Brad Pitt and Edson Arantes do Nas
5、cimento became PeleSometimes names are changed for marketing purposesFor example，if a name sounds too foreign, it may be changed to something that is more recognizable in a market . So in the film world, Ramon Estsvez adopted the name Martin Sheen. Or maybe the artists doesnt sound very attractive -
6、 Chad Everett does sound a lot better than Raymond Cramto.Artists sometimes choose the name of someone they admire. Robert Zimmerman changed his name to Boo Dylan because of his admiration for the Welsh poet, Dylan Thomas.Another reason may be practicality: in the past, women found it very difficult
7、 to get publishedTo avoid this situation theys situation they sometimes gave themselves mens names, so the English author Mary Ann Evans became George Eliot, and she did get her books published!第六篇 Reform on the Road Will the reform on the use of government cars really reduce office expenditure on h
8、is count? There are no reports indicating such an outcome although some local governments have moved in that direction. Hangzhou government launched its reform last month. Officials below the level of deputy bureau chief cannot use official trips for business trips. Instead they get subsidies betwee
9、n 300 and 2,600 yuan a month according to their administrative rank. This reform is supposed to save the government the money involving in maintaining a large number of cars. Hangzhou in east China Zhejiang province is not the first to attempt such a eform. Nanjing, capital of the neighboring Jiangs
10、u province, did so five years ago, yet there is no report available of how much money the Nanjing government has saved by these measures. All that we know about is the fact that government officials get monthly subsidies for business from The public have a fight to asking for transparency on the res
11、ults of such reform because it is taxpayers money that is being spent. Transparency is needed because people are skeptical about policy-makers making policy against their own interests. Obviously, the subsidies are not based on work needs. Lower level officials usually travel more than high-ranking
12、officials. Therefore, the impact of reform appears to be diluted. Transparency alone can tell us whether the reform measures have indeed reduced government transport expenditure. If there is no disclosure of amounts saved by the reform, the public may have reason to suspect that the reform is actual
13、ly a poly to increase the income of officials in the form of a transport subsidy. The way government cars are used needs to be reformed. The government spending on purchase of cars was 80 billion yuan in 2008, and use and maintenance amounts to around 300 billion yuan a year. A study of ancient Chin
14、ese dynasties shows that the more reforms of the tax system, the heavier the taxes eventually levied on subjects. The only way to prevent this vicious cycles from happening with government car reform today is for the higher authorities to have a strict and transparent audit of local finance第一篇 A Hea
15、lth ProfileA health profile is a portrait of all of the factors that influence your healthTo draw your health profile，you will need to know what diseases run in your family, what health hazards you may be exposed to at work，how your daily diet compares to the recommended standards，how much time per
16、week you spend exercising and what type of exercise you engage in ，how stressful your work and family environments are，what kinds of illnesses you get regularly, and whether or not you have any one of a number of addictions.To complete this portrait，your should have a checkup to determine how your b
17、lood， heart，and lungs are functioningThis checkup will serve as a baseline，to which you can then compare later testsOnce this profile is thoroughly drawn，you can begin to think about setting healthpriorities based on your particular portraitFor example，if you drink two martinisevery evening，have a h
18、igh-stress job，are overweight，smoke a pack of cigarettes a day,and use marijuana occasionally on weekends，you should quit smoking first，followed by losing the excess weight，reducing the stress of your job，giving up your marihuana habit，and then finally giving some thought to those martinis if you wa
19、nt to prevent first cancer, and then heart diseaseEven for the youthful working person who has never been sick a day in his life，who is in excellent health，a good look at all health habits and at work and home environments may suggest changes that will benefit him in the future 第二篇 Making yourself a
20、 good recordIf you are an American and you think you might need to borrow money someday， the best thing to do is start early.Thats because just as many employers want to hire only people with experience, banks and other creditors are usually reluctant to lend to those without a proven track record o
21、f paying back, on time, the money they have borrowed.But if you need experience just to get a start, how do you get that start in the first place? With a little help from your parents usually, while you are still financially dependent on them. It is easy to get a credit card or student loan when you
22、 are in college, because banks figure your parents will bail you out if you fail to pay.So just as students take on internships to build up their resumes, ones university time can be a good time to work on another important personal record: the credit report .Credit reports are a summary of ones per
23、sonal credit history, gathered by a credit reporting agency, or CRA.Banks, and companies - including hospitals, landlords and insurance companies regularly report to the three main CRAs in the US on how their customers are doing at paying back the money they owe .Anyone with a “legitimate business n
24、eed” has the right to order individuals reports from the CRAs. Potential creditors usually compile the information in the reports into a credit “score”, ranking the level of creditworthiness. Lack of experience in borrowing in addition to a bad record of doing so, can result in a low score.Even if y
25、ou are not considering taking out a loan for such a large purchase as a home or car, your credit report can be important to getting through life. Landlords often ask for the reports to judge whether a person can be trusted to pay the rent. Credit checks are necessary for getting a credit card, even
26、for purchasing a mobile phone calling plan.People can obtain a copy of their own credit report, usually at a cost of around US$8-9. Some consumer organizations recommend doing this once a year to allow one to catch any mistakes thathave slipped into the records or, even worse, to find out whether any fraud has taken place. Though the system is controlled by laws meant to protect peoples privacy, it isnt fool-proof: Sometimes people take out bad loads in others names, ruining their records.In a society addicted to credit, that can be a disaster.
