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1、第28课2010综合类（A级）真题测试及分析（1）职称英语考试用书(内部教材)兰皮275页务必请同学们先自己做，然后再听讲解第4部分：阅读理解(第3l45题，每题3分，共45分) 阅读理解解题顺序1、 抓中心，如果中心不是很明确，第一段多读一点。2、 读题干并扫一下ABCD。3、 分类解题。4、 不要把希望全部寄托在技巧上（找长的相的），查字典能读还是读一下。第一篇： The Iceman 15分On a September day in 1991，two Germans were climbing the mountain between Austria and ItalyHigh up o
2、n a mountain pass，they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height (10,499 feet or 3，200 meters)，the ice is usually permanent，but 1991 had been an especially warm yearThe mountain ice had melted more than just usual and so the body had come to the surface It was lying face downwardThe s
3、keleton(骨架)was in perfect condition，except for a wound in the headThere was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothesThe hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth bootsNearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark(树皮)an
4、d a holder for arrowsWho was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questionsSome people thought that it was from this century，perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War Isince several soldiers had already been found in the area A Swiss woman believed
5、it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been foundThe scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older，may be even a thousand years old With modern dating techniques，the scientists soon learned that the iceman w
6、as about 5，300 years oldBorn in about 3300 BC，he lived during the Bronze Age in EuropeAt first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains. More recent evidencehowever，tells a different storyA new kind of X-ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his
7、 shoulderIt left only a tiny hole in his skin，but it caused internal damage and bleedingHe almost certainly died from this wound，and not from the wound on the back of his headThis means that he was probably in some kind of a battleIt may have been part of a large war，or he may have been fighting ban
8、ditsHe may even have been a bandit himself By studying his clothes and tools，scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived inwe may never know the full story of how he died，but he has given us important clues to the history of those distant times 31The body of
9、 the iceman was found in the mountains mainly because Atwo Germans were climbing the mountains. Bthe melted ice made him visible.Che was lying on the ice.Dhe was just on a mountain pass.注解：该题为细节题。 注意because 问的是冰人尸体被发现的原因。The mountain ice had melted more than usual and so the body had come to the sur
10、face.融化的冰将他暴露了出来，因此D正确。 32What can be inferred推断from paragraph 2? AThe iceman could have died from the wound in the head BThe iceman was killed while workingC The iceman lived a poor lifeD The iceman was struck dead from behind注解：四. 阅读题型四大原则： 此项特别重要1.围着中心转（先读有中心词的选项. 一般就是答案）2. 先读容易的选项（读的懂的）先读短的选项 从D
11、向A读3. 出现多个数字，特别是阿拉伯数字时，须特别小心！4. 注意：(1) 绝对原则。即有all, every，only等绝对的词一般不是正确答案(除非文中也重复同样的词)！All of the above除外 A and b 相对原则，即有may, might, can could, likely some usually probably(What can be inferred fromdeduction推论)33All the following are assumptions假定once made about iceman EXCEPTAhe was a soldier in Wo
12、rld War I Bhe was a Swiss womans long-lost fatherChe was born about a thousand years agoDhe came from Italy 注解：对错选择true not true 提到未提到，题型特点NOT mentioned mention except首先确定关键词，找到在文章中的位置，逐一排除。 如无关键词定位，可用abcd中的数字，大写字母。 34The scientists made the deduction推论 that the iceman Awas hit in the shoulder by an
13、 arrowhead Bhad got a wound on the back of his headCwas probably in some kind of a battle Dhas a tiny hole in his skin causing his death 35The word bandits in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by Asoldiers Brobbers Chunters Dshooters 参考译文 15 冰人 1991年9月的一天，两位德国人正在攀登奥地利和意大利之间的山脉。在一个山口，他们发现了一具躺在冰上的尸体。
14、在这样的高度（10499英尺或3200米），冰通常是常年不化的。但是1991年是特别暖的一年，山上的冰比以前消融得迅速，所以尸体才显露出来。 他面朝下，除了头部有伤外，骨架完整。骨头上依然有皮肤和残余的衣物。尸体的双手仍然握着斧头的木柄，双脚穿着简单的皮革和布料做的靴子，他附近有一双树皮做的手套和一个箭筒。 他是谁？在什么时候、怎样死去的？每个人的解释不同。有人认为他就是本世纪的人，有可能是一战时期阵亡的士兵，因为在这附近已经有士兵被发现了。一位瑞士妇女相信他是二十年前在这些山脉间去世的父亲，只是他的遗体一直没有被找到。赶去查看的科学家认为这一具尸体的年代可能更久远，甚至有一千年了。 借助现代
15、科技，科学家们很快获悉这一冰人已有差不多5300年了。他大约出生在公元前3300年，生活在欧洲的青铜器时代。起初，科学家们认为他有可能是在高山间打猎时因为事故而身亡。然而最近的一些证据显示出不同。新型的X光扫描表明，他的肩膀上还有一个箭头，皮肤上只有一个小孔，但却导致内部损伤和失血。几乎可以肯定他死于这个箭伤，而不是脑后的伤口。这说明他有可能参与过战争。有可能是大型战争的一部分或者曾经和强盗博斗过，甚至他本人就可能是强盗。 通过研究他的衣服和工具，科学家们已经了解了有关冰人所生活的时代的很多内容。我们有可能永远无法知道他死亡的完整真相，但是他给我们提供了那个远古时代的重要线索。 2009年专业
16、课部分第37课2008原卷分析2008年度全国职称外语等级考试试卷第二篇: The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight You hear this: No wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat. You feel sad: l skip my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do? Basically you can do nothing. Your genes, not your life habits, de
17、termine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it. Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that, 80 percent of the children of two obese (肥胖的) parents become obese, as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal wei
18、ght. How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well, dieting can be effective, but the health costs are tremendous. Jules Hirsch, a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day. Aft
19、er more than 10 weeks, the subjects lost 45ka on average. But after leaving the hospital, they all regained weight. The results were surprising: by metabolic (新陈代谢的) measurement, fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems. They dreamed o
20、f food or breaking their diet. They were anxious and depressed; some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms. Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesnt result in normal weight, but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non - obese people. Thin people, however, s
21、uffer from the opposite: They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims, of the University of Vermont, got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months, they ate as much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent. But months after the st
22、udy ended they were back to normal weight and stayed there. This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight. The fin
23、dings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true - each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hung
24、ry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks. 36. The first paragraph tells us that our weight is determined by. A. Our work habitB. Our eating habit C. Our life style D. Our genes 37. In Jules Hirschs study, the subjects A. reduced daily food.B. lived only on
25、 liquid food C. gained weight rapidly D. showed no health problem38. After leaving the hospital, the eight fat people A. went madB. followed the advice of HirschsC. attempted suicide D. were back to normal weight 39. In Ethan Sims study, the subjects were asked to A. eat as much as they couldB. batt
26、le their genetic inheritanceC. lower their weightD. stay in prison 40. Which of the following statements is true? A. Each. person has a weight range of 9kg.B. Each person wants to control his weight.C. Each person has a natural weight range. D. Each person wants to eat to his hearts content.The Best
27、 Way to Reduce Your Weight 注：该文中心即文章题目-减肥。阅读理解 押题出了问题！ 综合A的阅读理解考的是一篇2008年综合A考过的文章The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight（减肥的最佳方法）。解决方案1、 押题一定要慎重！2、 不重押题，重解题技巧的训练！阅读理解解题顺序4、 抓中心，如果中心不是很明确，第一段多读一点。5、 读题干并扫一下ABCD。6、 分类解题。4、 不要把希望全部寄托在技巧上（找长的相的），查字典能读还是读一下。The Best Way to Reduce Your WeightYou hear this: No
28、wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat. You feel sad: I skip 略过my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can 1 do? Basically you can do nothing. Your genes, not your life habits, determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.Albert Stunkard of the
29、University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that, 80 percent of the children of two obese parents become obese, as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight. How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well, dieting can be effec
30、tive, but the health costs are tremendous. Jules Hirsch, a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people. They were given a liquid formula代乳品 providing 600 calories a day. After more than 10 weeks, the subjects lost 45kg on average. But after leaving the hospital, the
31、y all regained. The results were surprising: by metabolic measurement, fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems. They dreamed of food or breaking their diet. They were anxious and depressed; some were suicidal. They hid food in their r
32、ooms. Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesnt result in normal weight, but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non-obese people. Thin people, however, suffer from the opposite: They have to make a great effort to gain增进 weight. Ethan Sims, of the University of V
33、ermont, got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months, they ate as much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent. But months after the study ended, they were back to normal weight and stayed there. This did not mean that people are-completely wi
34、thout hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight.The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true - each person has a comfortable weight
35、 range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.36. The first paragraph
36、 tells us that our weight is determined by. A. Our work habitB. Our eating habit C. Our life style D. Our genes 1. What determines your weight? A)Your working manner. B)Your eating habit. C)Your life style. D)Your genes.37. In Jules Hirschs study, the subjects A. reduced daily food.B. lived only on
37、liquid food C. gained weight rapidly D. showed no health problem“神表”出问题了！四. 阅读题型四大原则： 此项特别重要1. 围着中心转（先读有中心词的选项. 一般就是答案）4. 注意：(1) 绝对原则。即有all, every，only等绝对的词一般不是正确答案(除非文中也重复同样的词)！All of the above除外 A and b2. What did Jules Hirsch do in his study?A)He let the eight fat people skip supper.B)He let the
38、eight fat people skip breakfast.C) He let the eight fat people run every morning and evening.D)He gave the eight fat people a liquid formula婴儿食品 providing 600 calories a day.注解：查细节题3. 如答案A、B、C、D里有四个相同的词，便是关键词38. After leaving the hospital, the eight fat people A. went madB. followed the advice of Hi
39、rschsC. attempted suicide D. were back to normal weight 3.What happened to the eight fat people after they left .the hospital?A)They went mad.B)They killed themselvesC) They were back to normal weight.D)They attempted suicide.四. 阅读题型四大原则： 此项特别重要1. 围着中心转（先读有中心词的选项. 一般就是答案）4、各个击破，吃面不喝汤，抓重点，做题而非阅读文章，用文
40、章来帮助做题，别把自己绕进去，那就完了。39. In Ethan Sims study, the subjects were asked to A. eat as much as they couldB. battle their genetic inheritanceC. lower their weightD. stay in prison 4.What did Ethan Sims make his subjects do?A)Battle their genetic inheritance.B)Increase their weight,C)Stay at home.D)Lower t
41、heir weight.6一旦确定关键词在文章的位置，注意周围中文注释，第一参考位是后面，第二参考位是前面，但一定要注意英文语言重心。-40. Which of the following statements is true? A. Each person has a weight range of 9kg.B. Each person wants to control his weight.C. Each person has a natural weight range. D. Each person wants to eat to his hearts content.5.What d
42、id scientists think was true?A)Each person has a fixed weight range.B)Each person has a weight range of 9 kg.C)Each person wants to control his weight.D)Each person wants to eat to his hearts content满足.注解：对错选择题吸取的教训：如果是原文，对课文中心的充分了解，一旦出题有所变化，也能自如应对。待添加的隐藏文字内容1第三篇： Food for Learning 12分In Eritrea, a
43、small country in northeast Africa, approximately 80 percent of the population is illiterate. That percentage is even higher in woman. As in many developing countries, many Eritreans have traditional ideas about the role of women. They believe that women should stay home and take care of the family a
44、nd should not get an education or look for a job. 在东北非洲的一个小国厄立特里亚，大约80%的的人口是文盲。妇女中文盲的比例更高。像很多发展中国家一样，许多厄立特里亚人对妇女的角色抱有传统的观点，他们认为妇女应该呆在家里照顾家庭，不应该接受教育或者外出找工作。 These beliefs are one of the factors that prevent Eritriea and other developing countries from improving their economic situation. Experience in
45、 many countries has shown that educated women have fewer children and have more opportunities for improving their lives and the lives of their families. In Eritrea, in fact, there is great need for improvement. It is one of the poorest countries in the world. For many Eritrean families, getting enou
46、gh food is a daily problem. 这些观念是阻止厄立特里亚及其他发展中国家改善经济条件的因素之一。许多发展中国家的经验表明，受过良好教育的妇女会少生孩子，有更多的机会来改善她们和家人的生活。事实上，在厄立特里亚，还有很多地方有待改进。厄立特里亚是世界上最贫穷的国家之一。对于许多厄立特里亚人来说，填饱肚子是他们日常面临的问题。 To deal with these problems, the Eritrean government together with the World Food Program, has a new program that offers food as a reward for learning. In primary schools, all the children receive food packages to take home to their families. However, with the new program, the girls receive 50 percent more food than the boys. This way, parents are encouraged to send their daug
