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1、英语阅读理解(社会文化)练习题20篇及解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1阅读理解 In India, one of the most significant festivals is Diwali, which falls between October and November. Its a five-day celebration that includes good food, fireworks, colored sand, and special candles and lamps. In honor of Lakshmi, the Hindu goddess of wealth,
2、 people make special prayers on the first day to obtain blessings for welfare, succcss, and well-being. People welcome the goddess into their homes by decorating entrances with colorful lanterns and traditional designs. In addition, many people treat themselves to fine jewelry, praying for good fort
3、une. Those who cannot afford so much, seek out cheaper items such as clothes or household goods. The second day of the festival is called Kali Chaudas. For some, the day provides an opportunity to drive away misfortune from homes and businesses. They decorate their homes with clay lamps and create d
4、esign patterns called rangoli on the floor using colored powder or sand. The third day is when the biggest celebrations occur, which begin early in the morning with a visit to a temple to seek the blessings of the goddess. As the sun sets, festival observers light up their homes with small lamps and
5、 enjoy delicious traditional foods with their loved ones. The festivals fourth day is celebrated in many different ways. Friends and relatives visit with gifts, sweets and best wishes for the season. And the final day of the festival is called Bhai Oooj It honors the close bond between brothers and
6、sisters and is observed with traditional ceremonies and more delicious food. For children in India, Diwali is similar to Christmas. They get all entire week off from school and are treated to gifts, new clothes, amazing food, and, in the past at least, a large number of fireworks. It is no wonder th
7、at the festival ranks high among the countrys favorite celebrations.（1）People celebrate the first day of Diwali mainly for_. A.good fortune.B.colorful lanternsC.expensive jewelryD.traditional designs（2）Whats the probable purpose of creating rangoli on the floor? A.To design traditional patterns.B.To
8、 produce colored powder or sand.C.To help get rid of bad luck.D.To produce an opportunity in business.（3）What is a man likely to do on the last day of the festival? A.Exchange gifts and best wishes with his loved ones.B.Be busy decorating his home during the day.C.Get together with his sisters and b
9、rothers.D.Light up his home with small lamps.（4）Which of the following may not be a reason for childrens love of Diwali? A.Having a week off.B.Getting Christmas gifts.C.Enjoying amazing food.D.Setting off fireworks.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了印度最重要的节日之一排灯节。 （1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In honor of
10、 Lakshmi，the Hindu goddess of wealth，people make special prayers on the first day to obtain blessings for welfare，succcss，and well-being.”印度人庆祝排灯节第一天是为了获得生活，成功，为人方面的好运。故选A。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“For some，the day provides an opportunity to drive away misfortune from homes and businesses. They decorate th
11、eir homes with clay lamps and create design patterns called rangoli on the floor using colored powder or sand. ”在排灯节为了驱散家里和生意的霉运，印度人会在地上用彩色粉或沙子创造出rangoli形状。故选C。 （3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“And the final day of the festival is called Bhai Oooj. It honors the close bond between brothers and sisters and is obs
12、erved with traditional ceremonies and more delicious food. ”排灯节最后一天是纪念兄弟姐妹亲密纽带的日子。可知这天男子会和自己的兄弟姐妹在一起。故选C。 （4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“For children in India，Diwali is similar to Christmas. They get all entire week off from school and are treated to gifts，new clothes，amazing food，and，in the past at least，a lar
13、ge number of fireworks. It is no wonder that the festival ranks high among the countrys favorite celebrations.”印度孩子们喜欢排灯节因 为他们可以放假一周，吃美味食物，还有大量烟花，没有说收到圣诞节礼物。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Theaters of the Past The Greek Theater Theaters developed in many parts o
14、f Greece. Ancient Greek theaters were built in natural open air sites on conveniently shaped hills. This allowed a great mass of people to enjoy a show at a time. Due to this, actors placed emphasis on exaggerated (夸张的) action and speech. And, colorful symbolic masks and costumes were used. The Medi
15、eval Theater The Medieval theater started in churches. Thats why medieval plays were about Bible stories. At first, it became a custom for priests (牧师) to act out brief scenes during Christmas and Easter. These acts attracted large crowds. Finally the church refused to allow priests to participate i
16、n any such events again, so ordinary people began these performances outside. Performances were set in the town square, with several stage settings around it. The Elizabethan Theater The Englands theater developed rapidly in the years following the defeat of the Spanish Navy. The dominant feature of
17、 Elizabethan theater was the stage. It has three parts: The fore stage for outside scenes; the inner stage for scenes inside a building; an upper stage or balcony for various purposes. The reason for this design is that there were no scene changes, or breaks during the play. Very little scenery was
18、used, so the actors had to create a scene through their voices and dialogues. This led to a more poetic script, and poets became the main source of script writing. The Restoration Theater Some of the plays told sad stories, but the majority of the plays were really funny. Many specialized machines w
19、ere used to create the scene. The stage was a very clever idea , in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters (百叶窗) were painted with the scene.（1）Why were ancient Greek theaters built on hills? A.To hold a large audience.B.To build a big and strong stage.C.To have a better sound effect.D.T
20、o emphasize exaggerated performances.（2）In which theater could actors voices and speech help create scenes? A.The Greek Theater.B.The Medieval Theater.C.The Elizabethan Theater.D.The Restoration Theater.（3）What is special about the Restoration Theater? A.Colorful masks were used.B.The stage was smar
21、tly designed.C.Most of its plays were sorrowful.D.Ordinary people were the performers.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四个古代的剧院。 （1）考查细节理解。根据The Greek Theater部分中的“Ancient Greek theaters were built in natural open air sites on conveniently shaped hills. This allowed a great mass of people to enjo
22、y a show at a time.”古希腊的剧院建在自然开阔的地方，建在形状方便的山上。这使得一大群人可以一次欣赏一场演出，可知，希腊剧院建在山上是为了让更多的观众可以一起欣赏演出。故选A。 （2）考查细节理解。根据The Elizabethan Theater部分中的“Very little scenery was used, so the actors had to create a scene through their voices and dialogues.”布景用得很少，所以演员们不得不通过他们的声音和对话来创造一个场景，可知，在The Elizabethan Theater
23、, 演员的声音和言语能帮助创造场景。故选C。 （3）考查推理判断。根据The Restoration Theater部分中的“The stage was a very clever idea , in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters (百叶窗) were painted with the scene.”舞台是一个非常聪明的想法，因为舞台两侧的大背板上都画着场景)可知，在The Restoration Theater舞台设计非常巧妙。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确
24、掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 Fantastic Fall Festivals You Wont Want to Miss Seymour Apple Festival Admission to the Seymour Apple Festival is free and so is the entertainment! More than 15, 000 people from all over the region come out to take part in the activities
25、, ranging from drawings, vendor booths, food, apple contests, bike-decorating contests, and more. Marionville Apple Festival The popular Marionville Apple Festival is home to countless activities and events. The carnival, pony rides, and games will keep the kids busy, while adults will enjoy watchin
26、g the pie-eating contest and browsing dozens of craft vendor booths. Humansville Fall Festival The Humansville Fall Festival may be hosted by a small town but that doesnt mean its lacking big fun. Perfect for all ages, this fall festival is celebrating its 70th year and will provide three full days
27、of fun. This years festival will feature live music from fantastic local musicians, which will definitely make it different from the ones in other years. Youll also find fun carnival rides, talented artisans selling their goods, and an amazing parade to wrap up the event on Saturday. Southside Fall
28、Festival The Southside Fall Festival is perfect for family celebrations, with an alcohol-free environment and free admission. Enjoy a colorful parade and float contest, delicious food vendors, live music, karaoke, and more. Fall Into Arts Festival Make sure to bring the kids along for this festival
29、that celebrates all things creative. The Fall Into Arts Festival features a host of kid-friendly activities like a lego build, sand art, bubble stations, chalk the sidewalk, a jump house, and more. Parents will have plenty to do as well, with an excellent variety of artists, festival food, a mini fi
30、lm festival, and much more.（1）Which festivals are free of charge? A.Southside Fall Festival and Fall Into Arts Festival.B.Seymour Apple Festival and Southside Fall Festival.C.Humansville Fall Festival and Fall Into Arts Festival.D.Seymour Apple Festival and Marionville Apple Festival.（2）What makes H
31、umansville Fall Festival special this year? A.Fun activities on Saturday.B.The duration of the festival.C.The area of the hosting town.D.Musicians live performance.（3）Fall Into Arts Festival is specially welcomed by _. A.movie loversB.modern artistsC.visitors of all agesD.families with kids【答案】 （1）B
32、（2）D（3）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个秋季的节日。 （1）考查细节理解。根据Seymour Apple Festival部分中的“Admission to the Seymour Apple Festival is free and so is the entertainment!”可知，西摩苹果节的门票是免费的，娱乐也是免费的！和Southside Fall Festival部分中的“The Southside Fall Festival is perfect for family celebrations, with an alcohol-free environm
33、ent and free admission.”可知，此节日也是免费入场。故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据Humansville Fall Festival部分中的“This years festival will feature live music from fantastic local musicians, which will definitely make it different from the ones in other years.”可知，今年的音乐节将以当地优秀音乐家的现场音乐为特色，使它有别于往年。故选D。 （3）考查细节理解。根据Fall Into Arts Fes
34、tival部分中的“Make sure to bring the kids along for this festival that celebrates all things creative. The Fall Into Arts Festival features a host of kid-friendly activities like a lego build, sand art, bubble stations, chalk the sidewalk, a jump house, and more. Parents will have plenty to do as well,
35、with an excellent variety of artists, festival food, a mini film festival, and much more.”可知，秋季艺术节既有许多孩子喜爱的活动，也有为父母准备的活动，故特别受到有孩子的家庭的欢迎。故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解 Being attractive isnt usually considered much of a disadvantage in todays world. Actually, there
36、 is the endless potential benefit about it, but researchers have found one area that being pretty makes life a challenge securing yourself a boring, lowpaying job. This stands in contrast to a large body of research that attractiveness, in general, helps candidates in the selection process. For the
37、most part good looks is a blessing. We treat pretty people more favorably in general, often vote for them more in elections, and pay them more in their professions. The research suggests that attractive people may be discriminated against in selection for relatively less desirable jobs. Researchers
38、carried out four experiments involving more than 750 participants, including university students and managers who make hiring decisions in the real world. Participants were shown photos of two potential job candidates, one attractive and the other unattractive. Participants were then asked a series
39、of questions designed to measure their opinions of the job candidates and whether they would hire these candidates for a lessthandesirable job. The less desirable jobs included a warehouse worker, housekeeper, customer service representative and the more desirable jobs included things like a manager
40、, project director, IT elite(精英). In all experiments where they were asked, participants were significantly less likely to hire the attractive candidate for the less desirable job and more likely to hire the attractive candidate for the more desirable job. Ms Lee said, In the selection decision for
41、an undesirable job, decision makers were more likely to choose the unattractive individual over the attractive individual. Coauthor Dr Madan Pillutla said, It is interesting that decision makers consider others opinions in their decisions. They thought that attractive individuals would want better o
42、utcomes, and therefore would be less satisfied, so they favored unattractive candidates when selecting for a less desirable job. The research also suggests the established view that attractive candidates are favored when applying for jobs might be limited to highlevel jobs.（1）What do people generall
43、y think of being attractive? A.It is a disadvantage.B.It is a blessing.C.it is not important.D.It has nothing to do with jobs.（2）What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A.The participants of the experiment.B.The importance of the experiment.C.The process of the experiment.D.The result of the experi
44、ment.（3）An ordinarylooking graduate may have an advantage when applying for _. A.a managerB.a project directorC.a warehouse workerD.an IT elite（4）Why are less attractive applicants preferred for less desirable jobs? A.Because they are more hardworking.B.Because they will be more satisfied.C.Because
45、they have no requirements at all.D.Because they will want better outcomes.（5）Which of the following agrees with the research? A.Attractive people are more fit for highlevel jobs.B.Less attractive people are easy to find highlevel jobs.C.Attractive people can always be hired when applying for jobs.D.
46、Less attractive people can easily get highly paid if they work hard.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）C（4）B（5）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了吸引力和求职之间的关系。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的For the most part good looks is a blessing.可知,在很大程度上,美貌是一种福气,由此可知,人们普遍认为有吸引力是一种福气,故选B。 （2）考查段落大意。根据第三段内容,特别是Participants were shown photos of two potential
47、job candidates, one attractive and the other unattractive.可知,本段主要介绍了研究人员对吸引力和求职之间的关系的实验过程,故选C。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的The less desirable jobs included a warehouse worker, housekeeper, customer service representative及participants were significantly less likely to hire the attractive candidate for the less desirable job可知,参与者不太可能雇有吸引力的人做不那么理想的工作,而仓库管理员是不理想的工作之一,由此可知,长相一般的人在申请仓库管理员职位上有优势,故选C。 （4）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的They thought that attractive individuals would want
