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1、同等学力申硕英语短文完成,LOGO,一、概说,短文完成是同等学力申请硕士学位英语水平考试考试大纲第六版中新增加的题型。短文完成是词汇、完形填空和阅读理解三种题型的综合，该部分重点考察考生的词汇、句法和阅读能力之外，还考察考生把握文章结构，掌握作者思路的能力。,本部分要求考生在理解短文和语言段的基础上完成两项任务：一是从语言段前面的方框中所设的备选答案中选出一个最佳答案，分别填入各个语言段的空白处，使相应的语言段完整；二是从短文前的34个语言段选项中，选出一个最佳答案分别填入短文的相应空处。两项任务完成后，应该使短文完整。短文完成旨在测试考生在理解阅读材料的基础上能综合运用词汇、语法、搭配、语段
2、、篇章逻辑等方面的知识和上下文等对语篇各层次的信息进行正确判断和完形处理的能力。,二、大纲要求,三、具体要求,本部分共设20题，每题1分。考试时间为20分钟。方框里是标有A、B、C、(D)序号的备选项，均为单词或者词组，不是完整的句子。标有A、B、C、(D)序号的句子结构有空缺，需要用方框里的选项来填充。文字材料有3-4个空缺，需要用标有A、B、C、(D)的句子来填充。方框内备选项的数量有空缺的句子的数量文字材料空缺的数量,四、关键词解读,（一）两项任务1、先将单词或词组填入句子，使句子完整。2、再将句子填入短文，让短文完整。（二）新题型、大分值、送分题、大漏洞1、新题型&大分值短文完成是新大
3、纲修定后，出现的新题型，有20道题，每题1分，相当于3篇阅读分值，是同等学力的重头戏，。2、送分题&大漏洞这一题的难度在整套试卷中最低，几乎没有生词，大部分人都能读懂。,四、关键词解读,（三）综合运用1、新题型短文完成考查的是将三篇不完整的短文补充完整，即将几个单词先填进句子，把句子补充完整，再把句子放进段落，还原成一篇完整的短文。2、这是一种将选词填空与选句填空相结合的题型。3、它的特点在于它的综合性，考查学生的词汇掌握的熟练程度、句法的熟练程度、语法分析能力、语义搭配能力、逻辑能力、语篇分析能力、阅读能力等综合能力。,五、复习准备,（一）简单的句法知识（参见我的讲座揭开英语语义的奥秘）（二
4、）词汇、短语、搭配（三）阅读理解能力（四）语篇知识（五）大量做模拟题和真题,六、解题技巧,（一）看搭配，结构先行方框内的备选项与A、B、C、D的命题规律，往往在于结构要求或者固定搭配上，因此，在进行选择时，为避免太多的信息干扰，保证速度和精确度，尽量只看方框内的备选项和有空缺的句子的关系。例如：（例句见下一张PPT）,解题技巧应用,A.Whether we like it(56)_B.have to(57)_ acceptC.that exists(58)_ planet Earth56.考查了whether or not是固定用法。57.考查了have to 的用法，后面必须接动词原形。58
5、.考查了介词on的用法，后面接名词。,（二）看文章：先结构，后语义1、先结构将A、B、C、D选项填充到段落时，仍然先以满足结构要求为主。分析句子结构，看看含有空格的句子是否缺少成分，该成分可以由哪些选项来充当，或者看看是否是固定搭配或者是其他结构要求，由此更快速地进行选择。2、后语义如果结构无法判断，则开始寻找语义的线索，通过上下文的逻辑关系、代词指代、关键词回现等方式来确定答案。例如：,解题技巧应用,A.Whether we like it(56)_B.have to(57)_ acceptC.that exists(58)_ planet EarthThe film shows how w
6、onderfully gentle and caring elephants are,and just how intelligent and“human”they are as well.People(59)_ that we humans are,in fact,animals.(60)_,we are still part of the whole.Every species(61)_ has a role to play.The role of humans has,on the whole,been destructive.Humans need to have more respe
7、ct for nature.,第一空缺谓语，只能选B。第二个空句子主干完整，且在逗号前，只能选A充当状语，意为“无论我们是否愿意”。第三个空位于名词之后，选择C。（三）、代入答案，通读检查确认所有的答案是否符合语义，使得上下文语义通顺，逻辑关系合理。,七、短文完成课堂练习,Text OneA.optimistic aboutB.a needC.A thirdPhrases:A.They felt 56 forB.Most were 57 the future for womenC.Less than 58of them,对.乐观,B,A,C,a need for 对的需要,In a recen
8、t survey,55%of 3,000 Japanese women polled said they werent being treated equally with men at work,and 59 said they expected womens live to improve over the next two decades.Yet,only 26%of the women said 60 strong and organized womens movement.In a similar survey of American women,a much smaller 29%
9、believed they were treated unfairly at work,61,and 37%said a womens movement was needed.,投票,C,A,B,被对待,运动,Text Two,A.up toB.collectionsC.libraryPhrases:A.introduce you to your 62 facilitiesB.check out 63five booksC.houses our humanities and map64,C,A,B,工具，设施,检验；结账离开；通过考核；盖章,一直到；相当于；忙于，在做；由决定的,n.住宅；家庭
10、；机构；议会；某种用途的建筑物vt.覆盖；给房子住；把储藏在房内vi.住,Welcome to the university library.This tour will 65.First of all,the librarys collection of books,reference materials,and other resources are found on levels one to four of this building.Level one66.On level two,you will find our circulation desk,current periodic
11、als and journals and our copy facilities.Our science and engineering sections can be found on level three.Finally,group study rooms and the multimedia center are located on level four.Undergraduate students can 67 for two weeks.Graduate students can check out fifteen books for two months.Books can b
12、e renewed up to two tomes.,A,C,B,本科生,借还书处,期刊区,Text Three,A.to understand themB.to think aboutC.not accent eliminationD.give them the most troublePhrases:A.identify which specific areas of pronunciation 68B.give you some things69C.make it difficult for native speakers70D.focus on accent reduction,71,
13、D,B,A,C,Many ESL learners are concerned about eliminating their accents,but before you run out and spend hundreds of dollars on the latest pronunciation course,let me 72.First,the main goal of any pronunciation course should be to73,which is virtually impossible.Rather,students should work on reduci
14、ng areas of their pronunciation that affect comprehensibility,that is,areas of their accents that74.Second,with this goal in mind,students need to be able to75.Of course,there are universal areas of pronunciation that affect specific language groups,and reading up on these commonalities will help yo
15、u.,B,A,C,D,非母语英语课程,去除,疲惫不堪,实际上,可理解性,通用的,八、解题技巧应用,A.Whether we like it(56)_B.have to(57)_ acceptC.that exists(58)_ planet EarthThe film shows how wonderfully gentle and caring elephants are,and just how intelligent and“human”they are as well.People(59)_ that we humans are,in fact,animals.(60)_,we are
16、 still part of the whole.Every species(61)_ has a role to play.The role of humans has,on the whole,been destructive.Humans need to have more respect for nature.,八、解题技巧应用,A.Whether we like it(56)_C_B.have to(57)_A_ acceptC.that exists(58)_B_ planet EarthThe film shows how wonderfully gentle and carin
17、g elephants are,and just how intelligent and“human”they are as well.People(59)_B_ that we humans are,in fact,animals.(60)_A_,we are still part of the whole.Every species(61)_C_ has a role to play.The role of humans has,on the whole,been destructive.Humans need to have more respect for nature.,A:watc
18、h B:information C:with,A.associate(62)_ a 22-minute reduction in their life expectancyB.lived an average 4.8 years less than those who didnt(63)_ any televisionC.when they collected TV viewing(64)_ Sitting in front of the television may be relaxing,but spending too much time in front of the tube may
19、 take years off your life.Thats what Australian researchers found(65)_ from more than 11,000 people older than 25 years.The study found that people who watched an average six hours of TV a day(66)_.Also,every hour of TV that participants watched after age 25 was(67)_.The more TV you watch,the less p
20、hysically active you are.And the less exercise you get,the more likely you are to develop diseases such as diabetes or heart problems.,A:watch B:information C:with,A.associate(62)_C_ a 22-minute reduction in their life expectancyB.lived an average 4.8 years less than those who didnt(63)_A_ any telev
21、isionC.when they collected TV viewing(64)_B_ Sitting in front of the television may be relaxing,but spending too much time in front of the tube may take years off your life.Thats what Australian researchers found(65)_C_ from more than 11,000 people older than 25 years.The study found that people who
22、 watched an average six hours of TV a day(66)_B_.Also,every hour of TV that participants watched after age 25 was(67)_A_.The more TV you watch,the less physically active you are.And the less exercise you get,the more likely you are to develop diseases such as diabetes or heart problems.,A：hard econo
23、mic times B：carbon accountingC:qualified workers D:large and active students clubs,A：hard economic times B：carbon accountingC:qualified workers D:large and active students clubs,A:pitch in B:agenda C:recycled,A.a greater demand for the(56)_ materialsB.seems to be on the(57)_C.feels moved to(58)_ and
24、 helpWe hear it a lot in the news these days:“Recycled newspapers and save a tree.Collect bottles and cans so they can be reused in the manufacturing of new products.”Protecting our delicate environment(59)_ of politicians,government leaders,and citizens in many parts of the world to show support fo
25、r mother nature.The concept of green consumerism has gained momentum more and more over the last decade,and the public(60)_.However,three essential keys needed to power this movement include a more informed public,the development of improved technology,and(61)_.,A:pitch in B:agenda C:recycled,A.a gr
26、eater demand for the(56)_C_ materialsB.seems to be on the(57)_B_C.feels moved to(58)_A_ and helpWe hear it a lot in the news these days:“Recycled newspapers save a tree.Collect bottles and cans so they can be reused in the manufacturing of new products.”Protecting our delicate environment(59)_B_ of
27、politicians,government leaders,and citizens in many parts of the world to show support for mother nature.The concept of green consumerism has gained momentum more and more over the last decade,and the public(60)_C_.However,three essential keys needed to power this movement include a more informed pu
28、blic,the development of improved technology,and(61)_A_.,九、短文完成专项训练,（一）A:evidently B:at times of B:like A.look(1)_a fool B.(2)_to a significant degreeC.the way it would(3)_ physical dangerWhy is stage fright so universal when it does not pose a physical threat?Our self-confidence and self-esteem are
29、threatened,(4)_.No normal person wants to(5)_.Consequently,a speaking situation does involve threat,not physical but psychological.The brain instructs the body to react exactly(6)_.In essence,the brain tells the body,Get ready to fight off the danger or to run away from it.,短文完成专项训练,（一）A:evidently B
30、:at times of C:like A.look(1)_B_a fool B.(2)_A_to a significant degreeC.the way it would(3)_C_ physical dangerWhy is stage fright so universal when it does not pose a physical threat?Our self-confidence and self-esteem are threatened,(4)_A_.No normal person wants to(5)_A_.Consequently,a speaking sit
31、uation does involve threat,not physical but psychological.The brain instructs the body to react exactly(6)_C_.In essence,the brain tells the body,Get ready to fight off the danger or to run away from it.,短文完成专项训练,（二）A:far B:selling C:largelyA.it is(7)_too soonB.so reports of sales are(8)_inaccurateC
32、.(9)_everything from computer gear to income tax preparation serviceThe Internet offers,among other things,an electronic mall with scores of retailers,(10)_.As with anything on the Internet,it is highly decentralized,with no one authority keeping track of transactions,(11)_.But many of the reports a
33、re discouraging.But(12)_ to sound the death knell(丧钟)for electronic retailing.One reason,say analysts and service providers,is that consumers are only beginning to understand the possibilities of the new technology.,短文完成专项训练,（二）A:far B:selling C:largelyA.it is(7)_A_too soonB.so reports of sales are(
34、8)_C_inaccurateC.(9)_B_everything from computer gear to income tax preparation serviceThe Internet offers,among other things,an electronic mall with scores of retailers,(10)_C_.As with anything on the Internet,it is highly decentralized,with no one authority keeping track of transactions,(11)_B_.But
35、 many of the reports are discouraging.But(12)_A_ to sound the death knell(丧钟)for electronic retailing.One reason,say analysts and service providers,is that consumers are only beginning to understand the possibilities of the new technology.,短文完成专项训练,（三）A:as fast as B:outscoring them C:less and less D
36、:concentrate onA.he stumbles(13)_B.who were reading almost three times(14)_the other childrenC.still(15)_on accuracy,comprehension and vocabularyD.so he can(16)_the meaning of the text A child learns to read by sounding out the letters and decoding the words.With practice,(17)_,reading by the phrase
37、.With automaticity,he does not have to think about decoding the words,(18)_.It can begin as early as first grade.In a recent study of children in Illinois schools,Alan Rossman of Northwest University found automatic readers in the first grade(19)_ and scoring twice as high on comprehension tests.At
38、fifth grade,the automatic readers were reading twice as fast as the others,and(20)_.,短文完成专项训练,（三）A:as fast as B:outscoring them C:less and less D:concentrate onA.he stumbles(13)_C_B.who were reading almost three times(14)_A_the other childrenC.still(15)_B_on accuracy,comprehension and vocabularyD.so
39、 he can(16)_D_the meaning of the text A child learns to read by sounding out the letters and decoding the words.With practice,(17)_A_,reading by the phrase.With automaticity,he does not have to think about decoding the words,(18)_D_.It can begin as early as first grade.In a recent study of children
40、in Illinois schools,Alan Rossman of Northwest University found automatic readers in the first grade(19)_B_ and scoring twice as high on comprehension tests.At fifth grade,the automatic readers were reading twice as fast as the others,and(20)_C_.,短文完成专项训练,（四）A:to B:scope C:withA.a large population gi
41、ves more(1)_forB.(2)_feed a large populationC.could be obtained(3)_a small populationThe advantages and disadvantages of a large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists.It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited.(4)_,inferior land must be cultivated and the
42、 good land worked intensively.Thus,each person produces less and this means a lower average income than(5)_.Other economists have argued that(6)_specialization and the development of facilities such as ports,roads and railways,which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify
43、them.,短文完成专项训练,（四）A:To B:scope C:withA.a large population gives more(1)_B_forB.(2)_A_feed a large populationC.could be obtained(3)_C_a small populationThe advantages and disadvantages of a large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists.It has been argued that the supply of
44、good land is limited.(4)_B_,inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worked intensively.Thus,each person produces less and this means a lower average income than(5)_C_.Other economists have argued that(6)_A_ specialization and the development of facilities such as ports,roads and railways,
45、which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them.,短文完成专项训练,（五）A:likely B:conclusive C:susceptibleA.is not(7)_B_aboutB.also were(8)_C_to alcoholismC.was more(9)_A_to take upThis evidence in itself(10)_A_anything.After all,it may be the constant exposure and easy access to
46、 alcohol that cause the children of alcoholics to become alcoholics themselves.But there is more evidence.The study found that children born of alcoholic parents but raised by non-drinking foster parents(11)_B_.This group of offspring(12)_C_drinking than youngsters who were born of and raised by non
47、-drinking parents.,短文完成专项训练,(六)A:over B:only C:completelyA.wanting(7)_to sleepB.cleaned out all her closets(8)_C.becoming so(9)_energizedSome people seem to lose all their energy and drive,(10)_.Others react in exactly the opposite way,(11)_that they cant find enough activity to burn off their exces
48、s energy.For instance,one woman said she(12)_and was ready to go next door to start on her neighbors.Both these extremes,however,eventually level off.The symptoms may be intense for two or three days,but within 10 to 14 days after quitting,most subside.The truth is that after people quit smoking,the
49、y have more energy;they generally will need less sleep,and feel better about themselves.,短文完成专项训练,(六)A:over B:only C:completelyA.wanting(7)_B_to sleepB.cleaned out all her closets(8)_C_C.becoming so(9)_A_energizedSome people seem to lose all their energy and drive,(10)_A_.Others react in exactly the
50、 opposite way,(11)_C_that they cant find enough activity to burn off their excess energy.For instance,one woman said she(12)_B_and was ready to go next door to start on her neighbors.Both these extremes,however,eventually level off.The symptoms may be intense for two or three days,but within 10 to 1
