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1、外文资料翻译资料来源：第七届国际测试技术研讨会文章名：The Principle of the Intelligent Temperature Sensor DS18B20and Its Application 作 者：LI Shuo LI Xiaomi 文 章 译 名： 智能温度传感器DS18B20的原理与测量 姓 名： 学 号： 指导教师(职称)： 专 业： 班 级： 所 在 学 院： 译文智能温度传感器DS18B20的原理及其应用 摘要：功能和结构的数字本文介绍了温度测量芯片DS18B20的温度测量系统的介绍，8051单片机作为其作品CPU和DALLAS18B20其温度数据收集 - 转换
2、。硬件的原理，软件程图和一个短暂的时间延迟子程序也都给予列出。关键词：DS18B20温度传感器，单片机微机，硬件设计一、导言 单轨数字温度传感器DS18B20的生产由美国DALLAS公司。它可以转换的温度信号成字信号提供的微电脑处理直接。与传统的相比热敏电阻器，它可以直接读出的措施温度并根据实际它可以actualize 912的数值读数方式通过简单的编程。信息读取或写入DS18B20的，只需要一个单一的线。温度变换功率来源于为主线，主线本身可以供电源DS18B20的，不需要额外的电源。因此，如果使用DS18B20的，系统的结构会更简单，更可靠。因为每个DS18B20包含一个独特的硅序列号，多个
3、DS18B20s可以存在于相同的1-Wire总线。这允许浇筑温度传感器在许多不同的地方。应用场合此功能是有用的，包括HVAC环境控制，检测建筑物内的温度，设备或机械，过程监测和控制。二、 DS18B20的结构 DS18B20的四个组成部分的主要数据：（1）64位光刻ROM（2）温度传感器（3）非易失性温度报警触发器TH和TL（4）配置寄存器。设备源于其权力从1-Wire通信线通过储能在一段时间的内部电容当信号线为高，并继续操作此期间的低倍的电源关闭1-Wire线，直到它返回来补充高寄生虫（电容器）供应。作为一种替代，在DS18B20的也可以从外部3V供电 - 5.5V电源供电。三、如何来衡量的
4、DS18B20温度 DS18B20的核心功能是其直接到数字式温度传感器。DS18B20的配置（9，10,11或12位），与12位读数的出厂默认状态。这相当于一个0.250C 0.50C，温度分辨率，0.1250C，或0.06250C。继发行转换，T 44H，温度转换命令是执行和热数据存储在16位符号扩展的暂存器补充格式。温度信息检索在1-Wire接口发出一旦转换读取暂存器BEH命令已执行。在数据传输1-Wire总线，LSB在前。温度的MSB寄存器包含的“符号”（）位，表示是否温度是正面还是负面。如果DS18B20的配置较低的分辨率，无关紧要的位将包含零。为华氏使用情况，查找表必须使用或转换例程
5、。四、 DS18B20和单片集成电路典型连接电路设计 以MCS51系列单片集成电路例如，在图 1，选择寄生电源源供应的方法，在1-Wire到P1.1口提供足够的电流。图18051与DS18B20的连接使用一个MOSFET管和89C51的P1.0完成主要onpulls线。当DS18B20是在写内存操作或温度A / D转换操作，主线上，必须有强大的拉，与最大的时间必须在10个我们。选择寄生电源供电方式，VDD和“GND必须结束稀土。因为仅在1-Wire模式有一条线，因此，发送或接收必须是三种状态。 MCS51单片机控制DS18B20来完成变换，必须通过3个步骤：初始化，ROM操作，内存操作。假设单
6、片机系统使用晶体振荡器的频率是12 MHz，根据DS18B20的初始化，操作和写入读取操作。分别编制3个程序：Void delay15(n)Unsigned char n;do _nop_();/01_nop_();/12n_While(n)init是初始化子程序，写是写子程序，读是读子程序，所有数据读写开始从最低位置。但在实验不需要这种方式，加一个上拉电阻在数据线的4.7K，而且2英尺分别接电源和地。五、软件设计 按照通讯协议DS18B20的，温度转换软件的工作过程中可能意味着为图 2图2软件设计流程六、DS18B20的时间延迟 虽然DS18B20的有很多优点，但使用它并不是一件简单的事。由
7、于采用数据传输与信号线，所以运行周期为读时间要求严格写。为了确保严格的I / O周期DS18B20的时间，需要做准确推迟。在对DS18B20的操作中，有15微秒，90微秒，应使用270微秒，540微秒。因为所有这些延迟是15s的多，所以可以写一个DELAY15（n）函数，源代码如下：携带此功能推迟大约15微秒ns的时间。有保证精密推迟，可以采取的DS18B20的或写操作。七。结论因为它的系统很简单，温度测量精度高，是连接方便，转换速度快，带来了方便的硬件设计，并能减少有效的成本，削减了开发周期。参考文献1达拉斯公司的单线数字温度计DS1820的，19952张沙战友，鲍春来，方之光 DS18B2
8、0的电气原理及应用 测量与仪表，1999年2月3李群，徐张建云，陆浩。应用 DS1820的温度传感器在惯性温度测量系统 AERO器， 2006年4孙刘晓波， DS1820的应用在多点温度控制系统，哈尔滨工业大学学报商务部自然 科学版，2002年原文The Principle of the Intelligent Temperature Sensor DS18B20and Its ApplicationAbstract: The feature and structure of digital thermometer DS18B20 was introduced in this paper. A
9、temperature measure system was introduced, which works with 8051 Single Chip Microcomputer as its CPU and DALLAS18B20 for its temperature data collection - conversion. The principium of hardware,flow chart of software and a brief time delaysubprogram are also given.Key words: DS18B20 temperature sen
10、sor, Single Chip Microcomputer, hardware designI. IntroductionThe single track numeral temperature sensor DS18B20 was produced by the American DALLAS Corporation. It can transform the temperature signal into the serial digital signal supply the microcomputer processing directly. Compares with the tr
11、aditional thermistor, it can directly readout the measure temperature, and according to the actual it can actualize 912 numerical value readout way through simple programming. The information read or write to the DS18B20 only need a single line. The temperature transformation power originates from t
12、he main line, and the main line itself can supply power to the DS18B20, does not need the extra power source. So,if use the DS18B20, the structure of the system will be more simple, and more reliable.Because each DS18B20 contains a unique siliconserial number, multiple DS18B20s can exist on the same
13、 1-Wire bus. This allows for placing temperature sensors in many different places. Applications where this feature is useful include HVAC environmental controls, sensing temperatures inside buildings,equipment or machinery, and process monitoring and control.II. Structural of the DS18B20The DS18B20
14、has four main data components: (1) 64-bit lasered ROM (2) temperature sensor (3) nonvolatile temperature alarm triggers TH and TL ( 4) a configuration register. The device derives its power from the 1-Wire communication line by storing energy on an internal capacitor during periods of time when the
15、signal line is high and continues to operate off this power source during the low times of the 1-Wire line until it returns high to replenish the parasite (capacitor) supply. As an alternative, the DS18B20 may also be powered from an external 3V -5.5V supply.III. The DS18B20 how to measuretemperatur
16、eThe core functionality of the DS18B20 is its direct-to-digital temperature sensor. The resolution of the DS18B20 is configurable (9, 10, 11, or 12 bits),with 12-bit readings the factory default state. This equates to a temperature resolution of 0.50C, 0.250C,0.1250C, or 0.06250C. Following the issu
17、ance of the Convert T 44h command, a temperature conversion is performed and the thermal data is stored in the scratchpad memory in a 16-bit, sign-extended twos complement format. The temperature information can be retrieved over the 1-Wire interface by issuing a Read Scratchpad BEh command once the
18、 conversion has been performed. The data is transferred over the 1-Wire bus, LSB first. The MSB of the temperature register contains the “sign” (S) bit, denoting whether the temperature temperature is positive or negative. If the DS18B20 is configured for a lower resolution, insignificant bits will
19、contain zeros. For Fahrenheit usage, a lookup tableor conversion routine must be used.IV. DS18B20 and monolithic integratedcircuit typical connection designTake the MCS51 monolithic integrated circuit as the example, in Fig. 1 selects the parasitic power source supply method, the P1.1 as the 1-Wire
20、to provide the enough electric current. Use a MOSFET tube and 89C51 P1.0 to complete the onpulls of main line. WhenDS18B20 is in writing the memory operation or the temperature A/D transformation operation, on the main line must have strong pulls, and the maximal time must within 10 us. Selects thep
21、arasitic power source supply method, VDD and the GND must end earths. Because the 1-Wire mode only has one line, therefore transmits or receive must be three states. The MCS51 controls DS18B20 to complete the transform must pass 3 steps:Initialization,ROM operation, memory operation.Supposing monoli
22、thic integrated circuit system usesthe crystal oscillator frequency is 12 MHz, according to the DS18B20 initialization, writes operation and reads operation. Separately compiles 3 procedures: INIT is the initialization subroutine, WRITE is writes subroutine, READ is the reading subroutine, all datar
23、ead-write start from the lowest position. But in the experiment do not need this way, add a pull resistance 4.7k in the data line, moreover 2 feet separately meet the power source and the earth.V. The design of the softwareFollow the communication agreement of theDS18B20, the temperature conversion
24、and thesoftware process of the work can mean for the Fig. 2VI. The time delay about DS18B20Although the DS18B20 have lots of advantages,but using it is not a simple matter. Because ofadopting the data transmission with a signal line, so itis strict to the operation cycle time request for read and wr
25、ite. In order to make sure the strict I/O cycle time of the DS18B20, need to do postpone accurately. In the operation of DS18B20, there are 15 s, 90 s,270 s, 540 s should be used. Because all these postpone is multiple of 15s, so can write aDELAY15(n) function, the source code is as follows: Void de
26、lay15(n)Unsigned char n;do _nop_();/01_nop_();/12n_While(n)carry on with this function to postpone about 15 s Ns time. Have the assurance of the precision postpone,can take read or write operation to the DS18B20.VII. ConclusionBecause of its system is simple, the temperaturemeasurement precision is
27、high, the connection isconvenient, the conversion rate is quick, has brought convenient for the hardware design, and can reduce the cost effectively, cut the development cycle.REFERENCES1 Dallas Corp. One-Wire Digital Thermometer DS1820.19952 Sha zhanyou, Chang chunlai, Fang zhiguang. The principle
28、and application of DS18B20, Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation, Feb 19993 Li qunsheng, Xu jianyun, Lu hao. Application of DS1820 D igital Temperature Sensors in IMUTemperature Measurement System. AERO WEAPONRY,20064 Sun xiaobo. Application of DS1820 in multipoint temperature control system, Journal of Harbin University of Commerce Natural Sciences Edition, 2002
